Serum ?-carotene contents of both the healthy adults and the patients with malignant tumour diagnosed by pathology were measured in Shenyang city. It was found that the levels of ?-carotene in the tumour group were obviously lower than those of the healthy adults (p

AIM:To investigate whether minocycline postconditioning protects rat myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion ( I/R ) injury through attenuating poly ( ADP-ribose ) polymerase-1 ( PARP-1 ) excessive activation. METHODS:The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 45 min and then reopened for 2 h to establish the rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.The male Wistar rats ( n =90 ) were randomly divided into sham group, I/R group, low-and high-dose minocycline groups, and 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB, PARP inhibitor) group.The myocardial infarct size was measured by Evans blue and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride ( TTC) staining.The morpho-logical changes of the myocardium were observed with HE staining.The cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected using in situ TDT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling ( TUNEL) .The level of tumor necrosis factorα( TNF-α) and interleukin 1β( IL-1β) in the serum were measured by ELISA.The content of poly( ADP-ribose) ( PAR) in the reperfused myocardium and peripheral leukocytes were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with sham group, PAR expression, TNF-αcontent and IL-1βconcentration increased in all other groups.Compared with I/R group, treatment with low and high doses of minocycline and 3-AB significantly reduced the infarct size and myocardial apoptosis.PAR expression, TNF-αcontent and IL-1βconcentration in low-and high-dose minocycline groups and 3-AB group all decreased.No significant difference of the above parameters between high-dose minocycline group and 3-AB group was observed.CONCLUSION: Minocy-cline postconditioning may attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by depressing the activation of PARP-1 in car-diomyocytes and peripheral leukocytes in rats.

Objective To observe the injury of myocardium and to investigate the role of oxidative stress after limbs ischemia reperfusion in rats. Methods 20 male healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group(C) and ischemia-reperfusion group (IR). The biochemical methods were used to measure the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), ATP, lactic acid (LD) and ATPase of myocardium. The levels of creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) in plasma were also observed. The morphologic changes of myocardium were observed with microscope. Results It was found that after rats’ limbs suffering from ischemia-reperfusion, the level of ATP decreased, the activities of three kinds of ATPase (Na~+-K~+-ATPase, Ca~ 2+ ATPase and Mg~ 2+ ATPase) decreased in different degree (P

Objective To evaluate the current clinical application of domestic tirofiban in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to explore its safety profile focused on the common causes and correlation factors for the hemorrhagic events.Methods The patients diagnosed as ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and medium to high risk non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)/ unstable angina(UA) in 15 hospitals from September 2009 to December 2011 and given domestic tirofiban,were enrolled in this study.The following data were carefully collected:demographic data,comorbidities,concomitant medications,laboratory data,interventional treatment,application of tirofiban,hemorrhagic events and major adverse cardiac events(MACE) in hospital and at day 30 after discharge.Results (1) A total of 927 patients were enrolled in the study.The domestic tirofiban was given to 241 subjects (26.0％) before the intervention,567 subjects (61.2％) during the intervention and 89 subjects (9.6％) after the intervention.The standardized application was performed in 737 subjects (79.5％) with the loading dose of 10 μg/kg and the maintenance dose of 0.15 μg · kg-1 · min-1 In all the subjects,the average maintenance time was (30.4 ± 14.2) hours with the average dose of (339.3 ± 182.9)ml.(2)During hospitalization,major bleeding happened in 4 cases(0.4％) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in 37 cases (4.0％).(3)At day 30 after discharge,1 cases (0.1％)was reported with major bleeding and 9 cases (1.0％) with MACE.(3)The least MACE was showed in the preoperative tirofiban group (2.5％) and followed by the intraoperative group (4.1％) and the postopcrative group (9.0％).Compared with the non-standardized application group,MACE was significantly decreased in the standardized application group (2.44％ vs 10.00％,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The standardized application of the domestic tirofiban could decrease the incidence of MACE.Taken into account the combination therapy of clopidogrel and aspirin in the vast majority of patients,the domestic tirofiban exhibits a good safety profile with a relatively lower incidence of bleeding than the similar clinical studies.

Aim To investigate the effect of L-arginine(L-Arg) on myocardium in rat which suffered from limb ischemia-reperfusion.Methods Models of limb ischemia reperfusion were made by tourniquet methods.L-Arg(150 mg?kg-1) were intravascularly injected before reperfusion.Contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),myeloperoxidase(MPO) and tumour necrosis factor(TNF-?) in myocardium were measured.Levels of creatine kinase(CK),creatine kinase MB isoenzyme(CK-MB) and nitric oxide(NO) in plasma were deter-mined.The mean arterial pressure(MAP,left venteicular systolic pressure(LVSP),maximal rise rate of left venteicular pressure(dp/dtmax)and the maximal fall rate of left venteicular pressure(-dp/dtmax)were monitored.Morphologic changes of myocardium were evaluated after reperfusion.Results After rats' limbs suffering from ischemia-reperfusion,levels of MDA,MPO and TNF-? in myocardium,CK,CK-MB and NO in plasma increased differently(P

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of measuring resting energy expenditure (REE) for guiding an accurate nutritional support in elderly bedridden patients with nasal feeding.Methods The REE of 32 elderly bedridden patients with nasal feeding was assessed by using the Cosmed K4b2 portable telemetric gas analysis system.The waist-hip ratio, serum levels of albumin, transferrin, prealbumin and retinol-binding protein were determined to assess comprehensive nutrition status.The energy intakes were calculated, and the correlation of REE and the difference between the energy intakes and consumption with nutritional index were analyzed.Results The resting energy expendture was lower in the patients with waist-hip ratio≥0.95 than in patients with waist-hip ratio ＜0.95 (t=3.622, P＜0.01).The waist-hip ratio was reduced and serum albumin and transferrin levels were decreased along with the increase of REE in elderly patients (r=-0.55,-0.36 and-0.593, respectively, P=0.001, 0.043, ＜0.001).The difference between the energy intake and expenditure was higher in patients with waist-hip ratio≥0.95 than those with waist-hip ratio＜0.95 (t =5.643, P＜ 0.001).Serum albumin, prealbumin, transferrin and retinol-binding protein levels were increased along with the increase of the difference between the energy intake and expenditure, which showed the positive correlations (r=0.525, 0.409, 0.624, 0.414, respectively,P=0.002, 0.02, ＜0.001, 0.019).Conclusions Precise determination of REE and energy intake guided by REE are the important guarantees for the reasonable nutrition support in the elderly.

BACKGROUND: Neuropeptides, a kind of endogenous active substance in nerve tissues, can modulate physiological functions of multiple body systems.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of vascular bundles or sensory nerve tracts implanted into tissue-engineered bone for rabbit large bone defects on the expression levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and neuropeptide-Y.METHODS: Fifty-four New Zealand rabbits were enrolled to make model of large bone defects, and then, the animal models were randomly divided into three groups, including sensory nerve tract, vascular bundle, and control groups (n=18 per group), followed by implanted with sensory nerve tracts, vascular bundle, and tissue-engineered bone without sensory tracts or vascular bundle, respectively. The defected bone received gross and Masson staining at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after modeling, to compare the expression levels of CGRP and neuropeptide-Y in each group.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: mRNA expression levels of CGRP and neuropeptide-Y in the sensory nerve tract and vascular bundle groups were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points after modeling (P < 0.05). mRNA expression levels of CGRP and neuropeptide-Y in the tissue-engineered bone began to be increased and peaked at the 8th week, and then decreased (P < 0.05), which were the lowest at the 4th week (P < 0.05).Immunohistochemical staining results showed that CGRP was mainly found in the bridge, periosteum of newly born bones and around blood vessels; while neuropeptide-Y mainly localized in the medullary cavity and around blood vessels. These results indicate that the implantation of vascular bundle and sensory nerve tracts for bone defects can upregulate the expression levels of CGRP and neuropeptide-Y, and promote bone repair. However, sensory tract implantation may cause sensory impairment; thereafter, vascular bundle implantation is more suitable for ideal tissue-engineered construction to meet physical requirements.

Objective To investigate the association between hepatitis B virus (HBV)genotype, the mutations in HBV basic core gene promoter(BCP), pre C/C gene region and treatment response to interferon (IFN)α-1b. Methods Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients were treated with IFNα-Ib for 6 months and were followed up for 6 months after the end of treatment. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) was used for determining HBV genotype. HBV DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed for BCP and pre C/C gene region by sequencing. Measurement data were compared using t test and analysis of variance. Enumeration data were compared using chi-square test, Fisher exact probability test.Logistic regression analysis was utilized for multi-factor analysis. Results There were 39 patients who completed the treatment and follow up in this study. At the end of treatment, 16(41.0%) patients showed response to the IFNα-lb treatment. At the end of follow-up, four out of 16 patients who achieved on treatment response relapsed. Among 3a patients, 29 (74.4 %) were infected with genotype B and 10 (25. 6%) with genotype C. The treatment response rates were not significant different between the groups with different genotypes. The double mutation pattern (T1762/A1764) was found in eight (20. 5%) patients. The response rates to IFNα-lb treatment were not significant different between the group with and without double mutation pattern. A1896 mutation was detected in eight patients at baseline. Three of them became HBeAg negative at the end of treatment and returned to HBeAg positive during follow-up. The non-lyphocyte epitope mutations, L60V and I97L, were found in 15 patients (38. 5%) and 14 patients (35.9%), respectively. At the end of follow-up, the patients with 60V had a significantly lower HBeAg seroconversion rate and HBV DNA undetectable rate compared to the patients with 60L (Fisher exact probability test; P = 0.0126 and 0.0069,respectively). The HBV DNA undetectable rates in the patients with 97I were significantly lower than those in patients with 97L both at the end of treatment and the end of follow-up (Fisher exact probability test; P= 0.0484 and 0. 0024, respectively). Logistic regression analysis results showed that there was no association between the above viral mutations and the treatment response to IFNαlb. Conclusions There is no association between HBV genotype, BCP double mutation pattern and IFN-α treatment response. The non-lyphocyte epitope mutations, L60V and I97L, may have impact on IFN-α treatment response.