In teaching forensic medicine as a common optional course for clinical medicine undergraduate students, we carried on the beneficial attempt in the overall set-up of teaching program, the effective implementation of the case-based and discussion-based teaching methods, the use of multimedia and internet classroom, plentiful of teaching models such as demonstration and practice, discussion forums between teachers and students etc. Through these efforts, we enhanced the teaching quality of the public elective course offorensic medicine.

Objective To investigate the value of ER-YAG laser combined with Gluma desensitizer in the treatment of desensitization in the repair of anterior deep dental caries.Methods A total of 169 patients with anterior deep dental caries treated in our hospital were divided into combined group (n =85) and control group (n =84) according to random number table method.The patients in the control group were treated with Gluma desensitizer,and the patients in the combined group were treated with ER-YAG laser combined with Gluma desensitizer.After treatment,the clinical efficacy,dental pulp stimulation,adhesive effect,pain degree of different time points and repair satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results The combined group had higher total effective rate (P ＜ 0.05),lighter dental pulp stimulation than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The total effective rate of adhesion in two groups showed a significant differences in two groups (P ＜ 0.05).VAS scores in the combined group when treated,at 1 month and 6 months after treatment were lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ER-YAG laser combined with Gluma desensitizer is effective in the repair of anterior teeth deep carious caries,which can effectively alleviate the symptoms of dental pulp,improve the adhesion effect and reduce the degree of post-treatment pain,so it is worthy of promotion and application.

Objective To investigate the value of ER-YAG laser combined with Gluma desensitizer in the treatment of desensitization in the repair of anterior deep dental caries.Methods A total of 169 patients with anterior deep dental caries treated in our hospital were divided into combined group (n =85) and control group (n =84) according to random number table method.The patients in the control group were treated with Gluma desensitizer,and the patients in the combined group were treated with ER-YAG laser combined with Gluma desensitizer.After treatment,the clinical efficacy,dental pulp stimulation,adhesive effect,pain degree of different time points and repair satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results The combined group had higher total effective rate (P ＜ 0.05),lighter dental pulp stimulation than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The total effective rate of adhesion in two groups showed a significant differences in two groups (P ＜ 0.05).VAS scores in the combined group when treated,at 1 month and 6 months after treatment were lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ER-YAG laser combined with Gluma desensitizer is effective in the repair of anterior teeth deep carious caries,which can effectively alleviate the symptoms of dental pulp,improve the adhesion effect and reduce the degree of post-treatment pain,so it is worthy of promotion and application.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and influencing factors of surgery combined with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of children with non-orbital head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (HNRMS).Methods:Information from 45 children diagnosed as non-orbital HNRMS and subjected to surgery combined with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in Beijing Children′s Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from August 2017 to July 2021 was analyzed. The patients included 25 males and 20 females, aged from 1 to 17 years old. The primary tumor site, pathological subtype, clinical stage, risk group, therapeutic regimen, resection range and outcome of all cases were also collected. The survival curves were made using the Kaplan-Meier method and the potential prognostic factors were investigated by Cox regression analysis.Results:Fifteen (33.3%) of 45 children achieved negative surgical margin under complete tumor resection. The postoperative pathological results showed that there were 20 cases of embryonic subtype, 19 cases of alveolar subtype and 6 cases of spindle sclerosis subtype. The postoperative follow-up time ranged from 4 to 71 months, with a median of 26 months. During the follow-up period, 13 children died, among whom brain metastasis was the most common cause of death, accounting for 7/13. The 3-year overall survival rate was 67.6%. Multivariate analysis showed that non-embryonic subtype ( HR=6.26, 95% CI: 1.52-25.87, P=0.011) and failure to reach R0 resection ( HR=9.37, 95% CI: 1.18-74.34, P=0.034) were independent risk factors affecting overall survival rate. Conclusion:Surgery combined with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy can offer a good efficacy for children with non-orbital HNRMS. Non-embryonic subtype and resection without negative operative microscopic margins are independent risk factors for poor prognosis, and brain metastasis is the main cause of death in these children.

Objective:To analyze the treatment outcomes and prognoses of children with head and neck non-parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma (HNnPM RMS).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of children with HNnPM RMS admitted to Beijing Children′s Hospital from September 2012 to September 2022. The clinical features, comprehensive treatment modes and prognoses of the patients were analyzed. The overall survival rate (OS) and event free survival rate (EFS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and univariate analysis was performed using the Log-rank test.Results:A total of 70 children were included in this study, 38 males and 32 females, with a median age of 47 months (2-210 months). Pathological subtypes including the embryonal in 27 cases, the alveolar in 36 cases and the spindle cell and sclerosing in 7 cases. Thirty children (83.3%) with alveolar type were positive for FOXO1 gene fusion. All 70 children underwent chemotherapy, including 38 with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 32 with adjuvant chemotherapy. Sixty of 70 children underwent surgery, of whom, 10 underwent two or more surgeries. There were 63 children underwent radiotherapy, including 54 with intensity-modulated radiation therapy, 4 with particle implantation and 5 with proton therapy. The median follow-up was 45 (5-113) months, the 5-year OS was 73.2%, and the 5-year EFS was 57.7%. Univariate analysis showed lymph node metastasis ( χ2=5.022, P=0.025), distant metastasis ( χ2=8.258, P=0.004), and high Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) group ( χ2=9.859, P=0.029) as risk factors for poor prognosis. Before June 2016, the 5-year OS based on BCH-RMS-2006 scheme was 63.6%, and after 2016, the 5-year OS based on CCCG-RMS-2016 scheme was 79.6%. Conclusion:Multidisciplinary combined standardized treatment can offer good treatment outcome and prognosis for children with HNnPM RMS. Local control is a key to the efficacy of comprehensive treatment.