Objective To investigate and analyze the residents′knowledge and satisfaction on basic public health services in five districts of Gansu ,to judge the implementation effect of the current policy ,in order to provide the suggestion to improve the effect of the implementation of the policy of basic public health services .Methods Based on typical sampling method ,1 688 rural and urban residents had been investigated coming from five counties in Gansu by using questionnaires to survey .Results The de‐gree of residents′knowledge about the policy was low (57 .23% );the residents could know about the policy through a variety of ways ,and mainly for medical staff to promote by approaching their homes ;91 .94% of surveyed residents thought that policy service was more convenient when they were accepting ;90 .99% of surveyed residents thought that they satisfied with the service attitude of staff ;82 .35% of surveyed residents believed that the policy service effects was obvious ;90 .11% of surveyed residents overall satisfied with the service of policy .The above results were different in proportion in various counties(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The degree of residents′knowledge and satisfaction on basic public health services in five districts of Gansu still needs to be improved .

This paper introduces the ways to conduct the fixed denture teaching in prosthodontics with the multivariate teaching and learning mode,including information technology and PBL teaching,simulation model system,knowledge integration and the increasing of clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of umbilical therapy by Rheum plamatum combined with early colonic irriga-tion on the quality of life in elderly patients with colon stoma. METHODS:80 patients underwent radical resection of abdominoperi-neal rectal carcinoma were randomly divided into control group and observation,with 40 cases in each group. Control group was given early colonic irrigation;observation group was additionally given umbilical therapy by R. plamatum. Treatment course of 2 groups lasted for one month,and both were followed up for 6 months after treatment. The quality by life in 2 groups was evaluated by using QLQ-C30,and therapy costs were calculated before and after treatment. RESULTS:Compared with before treatment, function score and total health score of 2 groups improved significantly in 1,3,6 months after treatment,while symptom score and single item score decreased significantly,with statistical significance(P<0.05). In 1,3,6 months after treatment,role func-tion,social function,cognitive function,emotional function and total health score of observation group were significantly higher than those of control group,and insomnia and pain score were significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). 3 and 6 months after treatment,diarrhea and economic difficulty score of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). 1 months after treatment,loss of appetite score of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). 6 months after treatment, fa-tigue,nausea and vomiting score of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group,with statistical signifi-cance (P<0.05). 6 months after treatment,nursing cost,drug cost and total cost of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The umbilical therapy by R. plamatum com-bined with early colonic irrigation can improve the quality of life in elderly patients with colon stoma significantly and reduce treat-ment cost.

BACKGROUND:Autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate is often applied in patients from Department of Orthopedics and those with severe limb ischemia, but rarely applied in Department of Oral and Maxil ofacial Surgery, especial y in Department of Oral Implantology. The effect of autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate on promoting peri-implant bone regeneration deserves further studies.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of bone marrow aspirate concentrate in the repair of peri-implant bone defect.
METHODS:Bone marrow 5 mL was extracted from posterior superior iliac spine of experimental dogs and bone marrow cel s were counted before and after concentration. Bone defect (4 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm) was prepared in the middle of bilateral mandibular premolar, which was randomly implanted with gelatin sponge plus bone marrow aspirate concentrate, autologous bone and gelatin sponge. At 4 and 12 weeks after surgery, bone defect specimens were histological y observed. The new bone formation rate and new bone mineral density were calculated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After centrifugation, the concentrations of nucleated cel s in bone marrow aspirate concentrate were increased by (2.78±0.22) times. More colony-forming units were found after cel culture. Histological analysis showed that, significantly higher new bone formation rate and new bone mineral density occurred in gelatin sponge plus bone marrow aspirate concentrate group, compared with autologous bone group and gelatin sponge group at 4 weeks (P<0.05). The new bone formation rate in gelatin sponge plus bone marrow aspirate concentrate group was significantly lower than that of autologous bone group, and higher than that of gelatin sponge group at 12 weeks (P<0.05). However, the difference of new bone mineral density in the three groups was not significant (P>0.05). Autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate can significantly improve new bone mineral density and quantity in the pre-implant bone defect.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are considered as commonly used seed cells to construct tissue-engineered for repair of bone and cartilage defects. It is of great significance for cytology and tissue engineering experiments to study the common problems existing in the basic operation and how to avoid these problems in a timely manner. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the common problems existing in the process of operation in order to provide reliable methods about separation, culture and identification of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for beginners and researchers. These can reduce or avoid some errors and problems during operation. METHODS:Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits were selected as experiment objects, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were separated from rabbits by iliac puncture, purified and augmented by using density gradient centrifugation combined with adherent culture method. Then cellmorphology was observed by inverted phase contrast microscope, growth curve detected by MTT method and cellphenotype identified by flow cytometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:We encountered some problems in the process of separation and culture, when we operated the first five rabbits. After careful y summarizing and analysis of the reasons, the operation was successful y completed on the rest 11 rabbits. Bacteria pol ution and cellaging were not found in the process of cellculture. What is more, the cells at passage 3 appeared with high-expression of CD29, and CD44, but low expression of CD14 and CD34. The cellgrowth curve showed that the proliferation activity of cells at passages 3 and 5 was higher than that at passage 10. Although the technology of separation, culture and identification of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is mature, the failure wil be happen if we do not pay attention to the details of operation. By strictly carrying out normal operations, we can get high purity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which lays a good foundation for celland animal experiments in the future.

Objective? To explore the effects of strengthening out-of-hospital health beliefs on perceived well-being and behavioral change in elderly patients with colon cancer. Methods? Totally 112 elderly patients with colon cancer admitted in Nanyang City Center Hospital from August 2015 to August 2017 were selected by convenient sampling and divided into two groups (n=56) based on the time of admission. Patients in the control group received conventional nursing care, while patients in the observation group received out-of-hospital health beliefs. Both interventions lasted for 6 months. The knowledge needs scale for cancer patients and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-Ⅱ (HPLPⅡ) were used to evaluate the perceived well-being and healthy behaviors in the two groups before and after intervention. Results? The scores of psychological needs, technical needs, medication needs and rehabilitation needs and the total score of the knowledge needs scale for cancer patients in the observation group were higher than those before intervention and those of the control group after intervention. The scores of self-fulfillments, exercise, health responsibility, nutrition, pressure handling and interpersonal support and the total score of HPLP Ⅱ of the observation group were higher than those before intervention and those of the control group after intervention (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions? Strengthening out-of-hospital health beliefs can effectively improve the perceived well-being of elderly patients with colon cancer and enable them to develop healthy behaviors.

Cystatin, a cysteine protease inhibitor found in many parasites, plays important roles in immune evasion. This study analyzed the molecular characteristics of a cystatin from Fasciola hepatica (FhCystatin) and expressed recombinant FhCystatin (rFhcystatin) to investigate the immune modulatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation, migration, cytokine secretion, nitric oxide (NO) production, and apoptosis in mouse macrophages. The FhCystatin gene encoded 116 amino acids and contained a conserved cystatin-like domain. rFhCystatin significantly inhibited the activity of cathepsin B. rFhCystatin bound to the surface of mouse RAW264.7 cells, significantly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, rFhCystatin inhibited the expression of cellular nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and promoted the expression of transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-10. These results showed that FhCystatin played an important role in regulating the activity of mouse macrophages. Our findings provide new insights into mechanisms underlying the immune evasion and contribute to the exploration of potential targets for the development of new drug to control F. hepatica infection.

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of HIV-testing awareness of Myanmar people in Dehong, and provide references for early discovery of HIV infection among Myanmar people.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 Myanmar people in Dehong through convenient sampling method in a form of face-to-face questionnaire interview. HIV-testing awareness and influencing factors were described and analyzed with χ2 and logistic regression method . Results:A total of 393 participants were included in the study, in whom 241 (61.3%) were males, 256(65.1%) were Myanmar people, 233(59.3%) received 1-7 years of education in Myanmar, 348 do not speak Chinese (88.5%), 226(57.5%) were married, 378(96.2%) were non-solitary, 257(65.4%) were workers, the main purpose of etering into China in 273(69.5%) was working in China, 273(69.5%) had stayed in China for more than 2 years, 573(95.4%) had a clear plan on whether to stay in China for a long time in the future. In these Myanmar people, the rate of AIDS-related knowledge awareness was 75.6%; 165(42.0%) had sexual behavior in the last 6 months. 221(56.2%) knew that they had been tested for HIV. Ninety (22.9%) were more likely to actively seek HIV-testing after they had unprotected behaviors such as homosexual sex, injecting drug use, and sex without using condom. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of HIV-testing awareness included being women (compared with men, OR=2.155, 95% CI: 1.088-4.270), educational level of 8-10 years or more than 10 years (compared with education level 1-4 years, OR=5.207, 95% CI: 2.094-12.950; OR=19.780, 95% CI: 5.800-67.457), having sexual behavior in the last 6 months (compared with those who had not, OR=2.534, 95% CI: 1.343-4.779), having received AIDS-related education in the last 6 months (compared with those who had not, OR=2.462, 95% CI: 1.303-4.654), AIDS-related knowledge awareness (compared with those who had no awareness, OR=8.126, 95% CI: 2.936-22.491). Conclusions:Myanmar people have low awareness of HIV-testing in Dehong. Those who were women and high literacy levels, having received AIDS-related knowledge education in the past 6 months, and having AIDS-related knowledge have an active HIV-testing awareness, after they have high-risk behaviors. AIDS-related knowledge should be publicized to promote early discovery of high-risk behaviors.

Objective:To understand the incidence of HIV infection, high risk behaviors and pre-exposure prophylaxis/post-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP/PEP) utilization in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing.Methods:Sample size was estimated to be 1 227 persons and 207 person year respectively in the survey and the cohort by using Epi Info 7.0 software. Using convenient sampling method, MSM were recruited by using Wechat app. Questionnaire was completed online to collect the information about demographic characteristics, high risk behavior, and utilization of PrEP/PEP of the MSM. MSM collected dry blood spot (DBS) samples by themselves, and mailed the DBS samples to laboratory for HIV nucleic acid testing. Open cohort was established and those with HIV negative nucleic acid testing results were followed up. Non-conditional binary logistic regression method was used to identify the associated factors for high risk anal sex in the last month and having multiple homosexual partners in the last month.Results:A total of 1 147 MSM were recruited, and follow up for 236 person years was conducted in 956 MSM with negative HIV nucleic acid testing results. The detection rate of new HIV infection was 1.3 per 100 person-years (3/236). During the last month, the proportions of consistent condom use in anal sex and oral sex were 50.7% (238/469) and 4.9% (23/469). In the MSM, 5.9% (43/723) had sex with HIV positive partners in the last month. 9.8% (103/1 049) used PrEP, and 8.7% (91/1 049) used PEP. The proportion of consistent condom use in PrEP and PEP were 34.3% (24/70) and 72.2% (39/54) respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that compared with those who used no PrEP/PEP, those who used PrEP/PEP were more likely to have unprotected anal sex in the last month (a OR=3.16, 95% CI:1.45-7.18), and more likely to have multiple homosexual partners in the last month (a OR=2.64, 95% CI:1.19-6.30), and compared with those who used no Rush Popper or drugs in the last month, those who used Rush Popper or drugs in the last month were more likely to have unprotected anal sex in the last month (a OR=2.34, 95% CI:1.67-3.30), and more likely to have multiple homosexual partners (a OR=2.42,95% CI:1.76-3.33). Conclusions:It is necessary to strengthen the health education to promote condom use and introduce the harm of drug use in MSM. In PrEP and PEP services, it is still necessary to suggest consistent condom use for MSM.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the proportion and associated factors of taking subsequent confirmation test among men who have sex with men (MSM) after being tested positive in oral fluid HIV antibody test.

METHODSBy using successive sampling, 1 003 MSM, who were tested positive in oral fluid HIV antibody test in China-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation AIDS prevention Program (Extension program) in Beijing during May 1 to December 31, 2013, were recruited. The inclusion criteria included: the objects were men who reported having sex with men; the objects aged more than 18 years old; the objects were tested positive in oral fluid HIV antibody test; the objects had not been reported as HIV positives in China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention previously. According to the program strategy, MSM grassroots organizations transferred the respondents to seek subsequent confirmation tests in specific Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCs) or hospitals. The subsequent confirmation tests included: fingertip blood HIV antibody rapid test, venous blood Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) HIV antibody test and venous blood Western Blot (WB) HIV antibody test. Chi-square test was adopted to compare the proportion of taking subsequent confirmation tests in different groups. Nonconditional multivaritae binarylogistic regression analysis was taken to identify the associated factors with whether taking subsequent confirmation tests and to calculate the OR (95% CI) values.

RESULTSThe 1 003 respondents were (30.9 ± 9.1) years old. Among all objects, 87.8% (881/1 003) of them took fingertip blood HIV antibody rapid tests and the positive rate was 85.4% (752/881). 98.0% (737/752) of those who were identified as positive in fingertip blood HIV rapid tests took ELISA and WB tests, and the positive rate was 94.4% (696/737). Comparing with those who were expected to seek subsequent confirmation tests in CDCs, the OR (95% CI) value of those who were expected to seek tests in hospitals was 5.10 (1.69-15.36). The OR (95% CI) values of those who used condom sometimes and those who never used condom in anal sex were 5.81 (2.14-15.77) and 3.45 (2.00-5.97) respectively, in comparison with those who reported not having anal sex or using condom consistently in anal sex during the past 6 months. Comparing with the respondents recruited from the internet, the OR (95% CI) values of those recruited in bathrooms, parks/toilets and bars were 0.17 (0.05-0.53), 0.10 (0.04-0.29) and 0.22 (0.06-0.79) respectively. The likelihood of taking subsequent confirmation test decreased with the increase of number of male sexual partners in the past 3 months, and the OR (95% CI) value was 0.92 (0.86-0.99).

CONCLUSIONThe potential HIV positive MSM in the bathroom, park/toilet and bars are less likely to take subsequent confirmation test. Those who do not use condom consistently during anal sex are more likely to seek subsequent confirmation test. Medical organization conducting subsequent confirmation tests is more likely to increase the confirmation test rate of potential HIV positive MSM. The number of male sexual partners has negative correlation with whether to accept the subsequent confirmation test.

Beijing ; Condoms ; HIV Antibodies ; analysis ; HIV Seropositivity ; diagnosis ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Risk-Taking ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual Partners ; Surveys and Questionnaires