Objective To develop a novel method for genotyping rs 738409 ( C >G ) single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP ) , and explore the association between the rs 738409 genotypes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) .Methods Method establishment and analysis of genetic susceptibility.The principle of amplification refractory mutation system ( ARMS) and combined a TaqMan fluorogenic probe as signal report were used , by monitoring the difference of cycle threshold (ΔCt=C allele-special primer Ct values minus G allele-special primer Ct values ) between the two PCR reactions in a real-time PCR, the method for rs738409 genotyping was established ( ARMS-TaqMan) .618 subjects ( men:401;women: 217 ) , in an annual health check-up program from January 2011 to December 2014 in Aerospace Center Hospital , were performed for rs738409 genotyping by the ARMS-TaqMan assay.Fatty liver was diagnosed based on abdominal ultrasonography .The chi-square test and multiple logistic analyses were used to analyze the relationship of rs 738409 genotypes and NAFLD.Results The ΔCt by ARMS-TaqMan for rs738409 genotyping were -13.1 ±1.4 of CC alleles ( 243 cases ) , 0.01 ±0.45 of CG alleles ( 282 cases), and 12.7 ±1.9 of GG alleles (93 cases), respectively.The GG alleles frequency of rs738409 were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD compared with subjects without NAFLD (21.5%vs 12.3%,χ2=8.677, P =0.003).In comparison to subjects with CC alleles, the OR (95% confidence interval) adjusted for age, gender, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, fasting blood glucose and body mass index was 1.35 (0.91-2.00) in subjects with CG alleles and was 2.21 ( 1.32 -3.71 ) in subjects with GG alleles ( P =0.013 ) .Variant rs738409 genotypes were associated with significant increased trend in alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) level from CC alleles, CG alleles to GG alleles (F=8.980, P<0.001), and in aspartate aminotansferase (AST) between GG alleles and CC alleles (F=6.491, P<0.001).Conclusions The novel ARMS-TaqMan assay had the features of accuracy , one step and high-throughput for rs738409 genotyping.The G allele of rs738409 was a risk factor of NAFLD susceptibility and associated with higher level serum ALT and AST .

Objective To probe into the best measuring method about observation of efficacy for the infected people by Hp.Methods 4 patients infected by Hp took orally priplicatial drugs,we had their feces measured with HPSA reagent in the fist,the second,the third,the fourth,the fifth,the sixth,the seventh,the thirtieth,the sixtieth,the nin-etieth day and one year,and observed the efficacy.Results The HPSA results of 4 patients were positive in the first and the second days,1 patient had a positive result in the third day,while others were neg-ative,4 patients' resuts were negative from the fourth day to the seventh day,1 patient's result was positive in the thirtieth day,others were negative.4 patients' results were negative in the sixtieth,the ninetieth day and one year.Conclusions Through theraping,4 patients had been cured.Fecal HPSA's measure with ELA method was the best method about monitoring the efficacy after treatment.

Objective To study the influence of Langchuang Ⅱ,a Chinese medicinal compound formula,on Th1/TH2cytokines of MRL/lpr lupus mice.Methods Forty MRL/lpr mice with spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) were randomized into blank control group,LangchuangⅡgroup(in the dose of 20 g?kg-1?d-1),prednisone group(in the dose of 6 mg?kg-1?d-1),and the combination group(LangchuangⅡand prednisone).After medication for 8 continuous weeks,Flowcytomix technology was used for the detection of different kinds of serum Th1/Th2 cytokines.Results Compared with the blank control group,serum granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit(GM-CSF) level was decreased in the combination group(P0.05);IL-4,IL-5 and IL-10 were all decreaed in the medication groups,and the decrease of IL-10 was obvious in the combination group(P

Objective To explore Sex differences of total homocysteine(tHcy) levels,and relationship between serum creatinine and homocysteine,and renal regulation to homocysteine in patients with cerebrovascular diseases within normal serum creatinine concentrations. Methods The levels of fasting serum tHcy?Scr?triglyceride(TG)?total cholesterol(TCHO)?high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)?high density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were determinedin groups of cerebral infarction(CI,278 males and 160 females),cerebral hemorrhage(CH,22 males and 16 females)and transient ischemic attacks(TIAs,27 males and 20 females).The situation that patients along with hypertension and diabetes mellitus were also investigated in three groups. Results Comparison in three groups:the tHcy concentrations were significantly higher in CI than in TIAs(P 0.05). Sex comparison(327 males,196 females,from CI,CH,TIAs):the tHcy concentration were significantly higher in males than females[P

BACKGROUND:Hydroxyapatite (HA) artificial bone,as bone grafting substitute,would not cause inflammatory reaction or immunological rejection and possesses good biocompatibility after transplantation into human body.It is a novel implant material with bone conduction ability.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of HA artificial bone in bilateral open-door posterior cervical expansive laminoplasty and to make a comparison with autogenous bone.DESIGN,TIME AND SETFING:A retrospective case analysis was performed at the Department of Spine Surgery,Hungpuyuan Branch,the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from March 2001 to December 2008.PARTICIPANTS:Seventy patients with cervical spondylosis complicated by compression in 3 or more segments or by cervical stenosis and additional fifteen patients with cervical stenosis complicated by cervical trauma were included in this study.METHODS:A bilateral open-door posterior cervical expansive laminoplasty was performed,in which,23 patients received autogenous bone transplantation (autogenous bone group) and 62 patients underwent HA artificial bone transplantation (HA group).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:① Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score pdor to and after surgery,surgery time,and intraoperative bleeding.② HA artificial bone-host biocompatibility.RESULTS:All eighty-five patients were followed up for more than 3 months.There was no significant difference in JOA scores no matter prior to or after surgery between the autogenous bone and HA groups (P＞0.05).The surgery time averaged 85.2 minutes (range 65-110 minutes) in the HA group and averaged 116.4 minutes (range 75-150 minutes) in the autogenous bone group.The intraoperative bleeding averaged 210 mL (range 130-400 mL) in the HA group and averaged 260 mL (range 170-500 mL) in the autogenous bone group.There were no material-host response and other severe complications found in each group,except HA artificial bone fragmentation in 3 patients from the HA group.CONCLUSION:HA artificial bone yields good efficacy and causes fewer complications in bilateral open-door posterior cervical expansive laminoplasty;in addition,it requires less time for surgery and causes less bleeding.

BACKGROUND:Antedor canulated screw has been considered an ideal method to treat odontoid fracture.OBJECTIVE:To compare the biomechanical properties of different anterior screws.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A randomized contrast study was performed at the Biomechanics Laboratory of Southern Medical University from March to September 2006.MATERIALS:Double-thread canulated screws and single-thread canulated screws were made of titanium alloy and provided by Shuangyang Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou.METHODS:A total of head-neck complexes (C0-C3) which were collected from 20 corpses were maintained in formaldehyde for less than 3 months;thereafter,the muscles and ligaments were removed to obtain the axis specimens so as to make type Ⅱ odontoid fracture models.The fracture samples were individually treated with double-thread and single-thread canulated screws,with 10 samples for each group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The shear stiffness and the maximum resistance of the two kinds of screw were tested in this study.RESULTS:The shear stiffness of the double-thread screw group was significantly higher than the single-thread screw group (P＜0.01 );however,there was no significant different in the maximum resistance between the two groups (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION:Double-thread canulated screws have a strong biomechanical stability for treating odontoid fracture;therefore,the first choice of the internal fixation should be double-thread canuiated screws for patients with osteoporosis or those who are susceptible to expanded screw pathway during surgical procedures.

BACKGROUND: Posterior lumbar non-fusion devices have been developed to control vertebral column movement, change load pattern of instability segment, restrict abnormal action, as well as avoid adjacent segment degeneration.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficiency of Wallis dynamic stabilization system in the treatment of lumbar vertebrae instability.METHODS: Ten cases suffering from lumbar instability were selected, including 3 males and 7 females, aged 43-65 years. One patient sustained L_(1/2) and L_(4/5) segmental instability, one was L_(2/3) and another was L_(3/4), and the others were L_(4/5). Two patients complicated with lumbar disc herniation and 7 patients combined with lumbar spinal stenosis at the same affected segment, and 3 patients associated with lumbar spinal stenosis at adjacent segment. All unstable segments were treated with decompression, posterior implantation of Wallis dynamic stabilization system. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores for low back pain and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate clinical outcomes. In addition, therange of motion (ROM) at the instrumented segment and adjacent segments and posterior disc height (PDH) in standing and extension position at L_(4/5) segment were also measured.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the patients were followed-up for 2-13 months, mean 9.2 months. The mean operation duration was 128 minutes (90-185 minutes), with bleeding volume of 264 Ml (50-600 Ml). Sings and symptoms of all patients were improved significantly after operation, except one patient with recurrence of L_(4/5) lumbar spinal stenosis at 3 month after surgery, whose symptoms relieved by revision with fenestration and decompression. The postoperative VAS was dramatically decreased than that of preoperation (P=0.003); the JOA score was obviously increased (P=0.002), and the ODI score was decreased (p=0.008). The postoperative range of motion decreased significantly (P<0.05). However, there was no obviously difference between preoperative and postoperative L_(3/4), L_5/S_1 and posterior disc height (P>0.05). Good clinical results can be achieved by surgical intervention with Wallis dynamic stabilization system in treating lumbar vertebrae instability.

BACKGROUND:Atorvastatin has been shown to reduce bone loss and fracture, but its effects on implant osseointegration remain unknown.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of atorvastatin on implant osseointegration in osteoporotic rats and the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS:Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into sham-surgery, ovariectomy, and atorvastatin (10 and 20 mg/kg per day) treatment groups, respectively. Al rats received ovariectomy and implant surgery except those in the sham-surgery group. Bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebra, osseointegration ratio and pul-out strength of implants were measured after 12-week treatment.Levels of bone formation and resorption markers in osteoblasts treated with atorvastatin were determined by ELISA. Wnt pathway-relatedgene expression was detected by RT-PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone mineral density, osseointegration ratio and pul-out strength of implants were significantly increased in 20 mg/kg per day of atorvastatin treatment group compared with ovariectomy group (P< 0.05). Levels of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcinand osteoprotegerinwere significantly increased in osteoblasts treated with atorvastatinin vitro(P<0 .05), and the level of osteoclast differentiation factor RANKL was significantly inhibited (P< 0.05). Meanwhile, atorvastatin significantly promoted the mRNA expression of low-density lipoprotein associated protein 5and β-catenin, and inhibited the mRNA expression of dickkopfWnt signal pathway inhibitor 1and sclerostin. Our results suggest that atorvastatin promotes implant osseointegration in osteoporotic rats by activating Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.

ObjectiveThe aim in this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the ball tip probe technique in placing pedicle screws in patients.MethodsFrom May 2009 to June 2010,we used ball tip probe technique in pedicle screw placement in patients with scoliosis,spondylolisthesis,spinal fractures and other diseases.The ball tip probe consisted of a metal shaft with a metal ball-shaped tip whose size included 1.5,2.5,3.0,3.5 mm in diameter.The ball tip probe with a diameter of 1.5mm owned a high rigidity and certain flexibility.Ball tip probe technique:A high speed bur was used to remove cortical bone and create a starting point,and then the ball tip probes is tapped gently by a hammer for making a guide hole through the pedicle into the vertebral body.The accuracy of the pedicle screw placements was evaluated on postoperative axial CT scanning The pedicle screw placements was compared between the the ball tip probe group and conventional freehand technique group.ResultsThree hundred and twelve screws were evaluated in the ball tip group and 276 in the conventional freehand group.All the screws (100％) were in the desired pedicle in the ball tip group and 215 (78％) in the conventional group.In the conventional group,23 screws(8.3％) were classified as medial violation; 38(13.7％) as lateral violation.A significant difference was determined between the 2 groups regarding the pedicle breaches.No vascular,pulmonary,or neurological injuries caused by pedicle screws placement was found in either group.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the accuracy and reliability of the ball tip probe technique in pedicle screw placement.This technique can probably reduce the risk of complications of screw misplacements.

OBJECTIVETo study the diagnosis and treatment of rupture of patella ligament and Femoral quadriceps tendon.

METHODSTwenty-three patients with rupture of the patella ligament and femoral quadriceps tendon were treated from March 1990 to August 2000. They were retrospectively evaluated with regard to patient's age, cause of injuries, characteristics of injuries, symptoms and signs, supplemental checkup, patella position, operative method and time interval from injury to treatment, immobilization, motion of knee, functional recovery etc.

RESULTSThey were followed up for 6 years (4 months-11 years) on average. Thirteen of 15 acute injuries after treatment showed excellent results and good results in 2. In 5 old injuries of the extensor mechanism after treatment 2 got excellent results (3 lost to follow-up).

CONCLUSIONExcellent or good results could obtain in patients with acute injuries after operation. The results of old injuries are not as good as acute injures, but better results could also achieve after repair.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patellar Ligament ; injuries ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Tendon Injuries ; diagnosis ; surgery