Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on the hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in neonatal rat.Methods A model of hyperoxia acute lung injury in neonatal rat was established by exposure to 95％ O2 for 3 days.After the model was established,40 rats were randomly divided into the treated group ( n =20) and the control group ( n =20).The 20 injured rats which were treated by curcumin ( 100 mg/( kg· d)were treated group,and the other 20 injured rats were control group.The 20 normal rats were blank group ( n =20).Lung tissues were collected for doing pathological section and measuring the levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-a,interleukin(IL)-1β and myeloperoxidase(MPO) after 4 d and 7 d.Results The gross and micrographic injury of lung was milder in treated group than that in control group.The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and MPO in treated group were significantly lower than those in control group at 4 d and 7 d ( P ＜0.05 ).Compared with the blank group,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and MPO in control group increased significantly at 4 d and 7 d ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Curcumin can offer effective protection against acute lung injury induced by hyperoxia in neonatal rat.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of a combination of proton pump inhibitor(PPI) and hydrotalcite for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) induced ulcer.Methods Eightyone consecutive patients who underwent ESD were randomly assigned to either the group of PPI and hydrotalcite therapy ( drug combination group,n =41 ) or the PPI group ( n =40).Delayed bleeding rates were monitored and compared.The main upper abdomen symptoms 1-wk later and ulcer healing rates and ulcer diameter 4-wk later were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in delayed bleeding rate (P ＞ 0.05 ).At the end of first week after ESD,the combination therapy was significantly more effective than the PPI alone in reducing frequencies and severity of upper abdominal pain and upper abdominal distention,while there was no significant difference between the two groups in relieving belch and nausea.A better ulcer healing rates and a smaller ulcer diameter were observed in the combination group at the end of 4 weeks ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The combination therapy of hydrotalcite and PPI can relieve upper abdominal symptoms and improve the healing rate of ESD induced ulcer.

Objective:To explore the relationships between sarcopenia and the clinical efficacy and prognosis of elderly patients with esophageal cancer who were treated by radical radiotherapy.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 134 elderly patients with esophageal cancer who received radical radiotherapy in Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from January 2013 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The muscle cross-sectional area at the level of the third lumbar vertebra was measured by using computed tomography (CT) images. These patients were divided into sarcopenia group ( n=56) and non-sarcopenia group ( n=78) according to the skeletal muscle index before radiotherapy. The efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival curve, and Cox regression model was used to analyze prognostic factors. Results:There was a significant difference in the objective response rate between the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia group at 1 month after radiotherapy [53.57% (30/56) vs. 71.79% (56/78) , χ2=4.71, P=0.030]. There was no significant difference in the disease control rate between the two groups [94.64% (53/56) vs. 91.03% (71/78) , χ2=0.21, P=0.651]. There was a significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia group [67.86% (38/56) vs. 47.44% (37/78) , χ2=5.52, P=0.019]. By the end of the follow-up, the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of 134 elderly patients with esophageal cancer who received radical radiotherapy were 91.0%, 73.1% and 55.2% respectively. The median OS of patients in the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia group were 14 months and 26 months respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=9.84, P=0.002) . The median progression-free survival (PFS) of the two groups were 7 months and 18 months respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=9.91, P=0.002) . Univariate analysis showed that cT stage ( HR=2.45, 95% CI: 1.26-4.74, P=0.008) , cN stage ( HR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.06-2.50, P=0.027) , cTNM stage ( HR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.28-3.27, P=0.003) , body mass index (BMI) ( HR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.01-4.90, P=0.046) , pre-radiotherapy sarcopenia ( HR=2.45, 95% CI: 1.27-4.72, P=0.007) and chemotherapy ( HR=0.30, 95% CI: 0.11-0.83, P=0.020) were prognostic factors for OS; cT stage ( HR=2.27, 95% CI: 1.18-4.39, P=0.015) , cN stage ( HR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.04-2.47, P=0.030) , cTNM stage ( HR=1.90, 95% CI: 1.19-3.02, P=0.007) , BMI ( HR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.06-3.79, P=0.032) , pre-radiotherapy sarcopenia ( HR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.06-3.04, P=0.031) and adverse reactions ( HR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.38-0.97, P=0.037) were prognostic factors for PFS. Multivariate analysis showed that pre-radiotherapy sarcopenia ( HR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.22-3.00, P=0.005) was an independent prognostic factor for OS; BMI ( HR=1.80, 95% CI: 1.03-3.15, P=0.039) and pre-radiotherapy sarcopenia ( HR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.27-3.14, P=0.003) were independent prognostic factors for PFS. Conclusion:Sarcopenia before radiotherapy can be a useful predictor for prognosis in elderly patients with esophageal cancer who received radical radiotherapy, and patients with sarcopenia benefit less from treatment.

Objective To observe the claudin-4 expression in inflammatory bowel disease mice models which induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).Methods Fourteen mice were established inflammatory bowel disease models induced by 7-day administration of 2.5％ DSS in water.The other six mice were fed with water only as control group.Pathological changes in colon mucosa were observed on the eighth day.Immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to measure the protein expression of claudin-4 in colon mucosa.Results IBD model was successfully established according to weight and pathological changes.The claudin-4 expression in the model group mice decreased significantly compared with control group and the difference was statistically significant(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Claudin-4 expression level decreased in colon mucosa of IBD mice.The change of the claudin-4 expression may play an important role in IBD development and progression.

Objective To observe the claudin-4 expression in inflammatory bowel disease mice models which induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).Methods Fourteen mice were established inflammatory bowel disease models induced by 7-day administration of 2.5％ DSS in water.The other six mice were fed with water only as control group.Pathological changes in colon mucosa were observed on the eighth day.Immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to measure the protein expression of claudin-4 in colon mucosa.Results IBD model was successfully established according to weight and pathological changes.The claudin-4 expression in the model group mice decreased significantly compared with control group and the difference was statistically significant(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Claudin-4 expression level decreased in colon mucosa of IBD mice.The change of the claudin-4 expression may play an important role in IBD development and progression.

Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma homocysteine on admission and the outcome at discharge of acute ischemic stroke.Methods A non-concurrent cohort study was performed and a total of 1 3 1 9 patients with acute is-chemic stroke were continuously included in this study.According to tertile range of plasma homocysteine,patients were di-vided into three group.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent association between plasma homocys-teine on admission and poor outcome at discharge of acute ischemic stroke.Results The difference of plasma homocysteine on admission between the poor outcome and those with good outcome had statistical significance (P<0.000 1).Without the adj ustment of multiple factors,when comparing to the first group,the second and third tertile seemed to have a tendency of increasing the risk of poor outcome at discharge,the OR (95%CI)was 2.111 (1.297~3.437,P<0.05),2.113 (1.361~3.279,P<0.05).After adjustment for multivariate,the second and third tertile also seemed to have a tendency of increasing the risk of poor outcome at discharge,the OR (95%CI)was 1.876 (1.160~3.036,P<0.05),2.396 (1.414~4.062,P<0.05).Conclusion The current study indicated that higher plasma homocysteine level was an independent risk factor for poor outcome at discharge in ischemic stroke patients.It would increase the risk of the outcome at discharge in patients with acute ischemic stroke,and suggests that there is a dose-response relationship between plasma homocysteine level on admis-sion and the poor outcome at discharge.

Pancreatic fatty infiltration is defined as the deposition of excess adipose tissue (mainly consisting of triacylglyceride ) in the pancreas.Epidemiological studies have revealed that the prevalence of pancreatic fatty infiltration is high , but the research is still at a preliminary stage and there is no consensus on the relevant pathophysiological mechanisms so far .The diagnosis of pancreatic fatty infiltration relies on histopathologic examination and imaging techniques .This article reviews the recent research advances on the pancreatic fat infiltration in order to improve our understanding of the disease .

Objective To analyze the effect of angiopoietin-like protein 4(ANGPTL4) on M2 macrophage differentiation.Methods The frequency of M2 macrophages in spleen of ANGPTL 4-/-mice and the controls was detected by flow cytometry.And the changes of M2 macrophages was measured by LPS stimulation.F4/80 + macrophages was separated by flow cytometry and treated with LPS or recombinant ANGPTL 4 protein.The secretion of IL-4 in CD4 + T cells was observed after purified macrophages after co-culture with CD4 + T cells by the flow-cytometric intracellular staining method.Results There was no significant difference in the frequency of M2 macrophages in ANGPTL 4-/-mice and controls.LPS stimulation did not affect the expression of M2 macrophages from ANGPTL 4-/-mice.The macrophages from ANGPTL 4/-mice did not promote differentiation of CD4 + T cells into Th2 cells.After co-culturing of macrophages and CD4 + T cells for 48 h in vitro,IL-4 secretion of CD4 + T cells was not changed.Conclusions ANGPTL4 has no effects on M2 macrophage differentiation.

Objective To analyze the effect of angiopoietin-like protein 4(ANGPTL4) on M2 macrophage differentiation.Methods The frequency of M2 macrophages in spleen of ANGPTL 4-/-mice and the controls was detected by flow cytometry.And the changes of M2 macrophages was measured by LPS stimulation.F4/80 + macrophages was separated by flow cytometry and treated with LPS or recombinant ANGPTL 4 protein.The secretion of IL-4 in CD4 + T cells was observed after purified macrophages after co-culture with CD4 + T cells by the flow-cytometric intracellular staining method.Results There was no significant difference in the frequency of M2 macrophages in ANGPTL 4-/-mice and controls.LPS stimulation did not affect the expression of M2 macrophages from ANGPTL 4-/-mice.The macrophages from ANGPTL 4/-mice did not promote differentiation of CD4 + T cells into Th2 cells.After co-culturing of macrophages and CD4 + T cells for 48 h in vitro,IL-4 secretion of CD4 + T cells was not changed.Conclusions ANGPTL4 has no effects on M2 macrophage differentiation.

Objective:To explore the relationship between lipid accumulation product (LAP) and disease activity, nutritional status in patients with Crohn disease (CD).Methods:The clinical data of 74 patients with CD in the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from July 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into active group (32 cases) and remission group (42 cases) according to simplified Crohn disease activity index (CDAI). The general clinical data, laboratory examination results and body fat indexes were recorded, body fat indexes including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, LAP and nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS2002) score. Spearman method was used for correlation analysis; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the efficacy of LAP in predicting the disease activity and nutritional status in patients with CD.Results:The proportion of males, body weight, hemoglobin, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in active group were significantly lower than those in remission group: 46.9% (15/32) vs. 71.4% (30/42), (53.58 ± 8.13) kg vs. (61.05 ± 9.38) kg, (109.94 ± 23.70) g/L vs. (134.19 ± 18.03) g/L, (34.01 ± 5.71) g/L vs. (39.15 ± 4.27) g/L, (3.23 ± 0.68) mmol/L vs. (3.66 ± 0.74) mmol/L, (1.12 ± 0.36) mmol/L vs. (1.34 ± 0.55) mmol/L and (0.91 ± 0.23) mmol/L vs. (1.04 ± 0.33) mmol/L, the nutritional risk rate, platelet count, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly higher than those in remission group: 68.8% (22/32) vs. 19.0% (8/42), (317.97 ± 130.19) ×10 9/L vs. (194.00 ± 51.91) × 10 9/L, 14.15 (6.15, 41.35) mg/L vs. 1.51 (0.22, 5.58) mg/L and 40.00 (20.50, 64.25) mm/1 h vs. 9.00 (3.00, 20.00) mm/1 h, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05); there were no statistical difference in age, height, total protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between the two groups ( P>0.05). The BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and LAP in active group were significantly lower than those in remission group: 19.46 (17.70, 21.45) kg/m 2 vs. 21.08 (18.87, 23.12) kg/m 2, (72.51 ± 5.92) cm vs. (77.67 ± 7.27) cm, 0.44 ± 0.03 vs. 0.46 ± 0.04, 13.42 (5.07, 17.72) cm·mmol/L vs. 15.49 (9.37, 31.71) cm·mmol/L, the NRS2002 was significantly higher than that in remission group: 3.00 (1.00, 3.75) scores vs. 1.00 (0, 2.00) scores, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05). Spearman correlation analysis result showed that LAP was positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio ( r = 0.701, 0.766 and 0.829; P<0.01); LAP was negatively correlated with NRS2002 score, platelet count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( r =- 0.609, - 0.249 and - 0.243; P<0.01 or<0.05). ROC curve analysis result showed that the areas under the curve of LAP predicting disease remission and nutritional status improvement in patients with CD were 0.645 and 0.832 (95% CI 0.520 to 0.770 and 0.739 to 0.925), the best cut-off values were 20.89 and 12.86 cm·mmol/L, the sensitivities were 45.2% and 81.8%, and the specificities were 87.5% and 73.3%. Conclusions:LAP has good predictive value for disease remission and nutritional status improvement in patients with CD.