Objective To study the differentiation of embryonic stem cells(ESCs) induced by transforming growth factor-?_1(TGF-?_1) and co_cultured with visceral endoderm like END_2 cells,and explore cardiomyocytes induction effects of the combined techniques Methods Day 2-3 embryoid bodies(EBs) were derived from ESCs,and then TGF-?_1 was added or/and co_cultured with END_2 cells or END_2 cells conditioned medium.Spontaneous differentiation was as a control.The expression of cardiac specific ?-sarcmeric actin(?-actin) and cardiac troponin_T(TnT) was detected by immunofluoresence staining.The ultrastructural analysis for ESCs_derived cardiomyocytes was scanned by transmission electron micrograph. Results The total percentage of beating EBs treated with TGF-?_1,co_cultured with END_2 cells,or END_2 cell conditioned medium was(43?2.08)%,(69?3.61)%,(65?3.06)%,respectively.All the beating cardiomyocytes derived from ESCs expressed cardiac_specific proteins for ?-actin and TnT,and could be observed the cardiac_specific ultrastructure.Interestingly,the total percentage of beating EBs treated with the combined method was(91?1.52)%.(P

Objective To investigate the protective effects of mild hypothenmia on myocardium of porcine with septic shock. Method A total of 24 Guishou miniature pigs were randomly(random number) divided into the pre-shock mild hypothermia group, shock mild hypothermia group and shock normothermia control group with 8 in each group. After the anesthesia of pigs, E. coli endotoxin was injected into femoral vein to establish the sepsis model of swine. After modeling, normal saline was continuously administered into femoral vein of pigs in three groups with in-fusion pump at steady speed. In the pre-shock mild hypothermia group,4 ℃ normal saline was used for intravenous injection to produce mild hypothermia before E. eoli endotoxin injection. In the shock mild hypothermia group, 38 ℃ saline was used at first and the 4 ℃ saline was employed after the systolic pressure of mice dropped to 60% of the o-riginal pressure for one hour. In shock normothermia group,38 ℃ saline was used from the beginning to the end of the experiment. The hemodynamics, blood lactate, CtnI, coronary angiography for detecting TIMI flow and the ultra-structural changes under electron microscopy were observed 6 h and 12 h after temperature intervention. Results (1) In pre-shock mild hypothermia group, the findings in all of observation were better than those in shock mild hy-pothermia group and shock normothennia group 6 h and 12 h after temperature intervention (P < 0.01). (2) In shock mild hypothermia group, the CtnI was lower and the ultra-structural changes were less severe than those in shock normothermia group (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in blood lactate, TIMI and hemody-namies between shock mild hypotherrnia group and shock normothermia group (P > 0.05). (3) There were no sig-nificant differences in all measurements between shock mild hypothermia group and shock normothennia group after 12 hours later (P > 0.05). Conclusions Mild hypothermia has some protective effects on myocardium of swine with sepsis. If the mild hypothermia is employed before the emergence of shock, the protective effects would be more ef-fective and the cardiac function would maintain at higher efficiency. If the hypothermia is used after the occmTence of shock, it could blunt the cardiac damage and preserve the cardiac function in some extent.

A case-control study was performed to investigate the relationship between gallbladder cancer(GCA) and gallbladder stones (GS). 43 patients with GCA confirmed by pathology were included, in which 19 were accompanied by GS, 24 patients without. 88 controls were selected from the data for the periodic health checkup with B-ultrasonography(B-US): cholelithiasis were discovered in 6 controls, but 82 were free from GS. The difference between the case and control group was significant(P

Objective To investigate the effects of mesenchymul stem cells(MSCs) transfected with human home oxygenase- 1 gene on the inflammatory cytokines and the ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats.Method MSCs were acquired from the hone marrow of adults rats.They were isolated,purified cultured,and transfected with Adv-HO-1,or Adv-GFP in vitro before transplantation.At 1 hours after left coronary artery ligation,Adv-HO-1-MSCs or Adv-GFP-MSCs marked with DAPI were directly injected into the horder of cardiac infarction in rats.At 4 days after transplantation,western blot analysis was used to measure HO-1 protein expression in the the horder of cardiac infarction.The levels of VEGF,bFGF,HGF protein expression were measured by ELISA,and the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10 mRNA expression were measured by RT-PCR.The rat heart function was measured by echocardiography.At 4 weeks after transplantation,ventricular remodeling and pathological changes were measured by HE and Masson staining.Results The Adv-HO-1-MSCa treated group showed marked increase of HO-1 rotein (P<0.05),and displayed significant increase of montioned cytokines above,P <0.05,compared with other groups.The Adv-HO-1-MSCs treated group displayed significant reduction of mRNAs expreesion of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and significant increase in IL-10 mRNA expression,with P<0.05,compared with others.Conclusions HO-1-MSCs could secrete multiple cytokines in infarction hearts,and had beneficial effects on inflammatory cytokines,remodeling processes and cardiac function.

The relationship of the nose tip position and the skull figures which were measured from the lateral craniographs in 49 ladies of 17～19 age living in Shenyang was studied. The figures measured on craniographs were analyzed by multiple stepwise regression analysis on IBM-PC/XT computer, and the regressoin equations for estimating the nose tip position of female in Shenyang were obtained. Cases in which the errors were within 2 mm were 71.43 to 77. 55 percent.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of peritoneal dialysis(PD) in the children with complex congenital heart disease after surgery.Methods 65 children with complex congenital heart disease were divided into group A(33 cases) and group B(32 cases).Group A was given PD when diuretics or urine output was less than 0.5ml per hour,while group B was given PD when urine output was less than 0.5ml per hour after 6h.The survival effect and indicators of PD before and after treatment were observed.Results The effective rate of group A (84.85％ ) was significantly better than group B ( 53.12％ ) ( x2 =5.18,P ＜ 0.05 ).The fatality rate of group A (9.09％ ) was significantly lower than group B ( 18.75％ ) ( x2 =5.32,P ＜ 0.05 ).The renal function was significantly improved.Urine output increased to the normal level,serum potassium,blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine concentration were effectively controlled,the changes of indicators had significant differences before and after PD (t =5.22,3.46,46,4.89,4.77,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PD was an effective support method for heart,renal insufficiency after the surgery of complex congenital heart disease,and it had good clinical effect for early application.

Objective To investigate the effect on electrical restitution of β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist esmolol administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the porcine ventricular fibrillation model. Method Ventricular fibrillation untreated for four minutes was induced by dynamic steady state pacing protocol in 40 healthy male pigs, in which local unipolar electrograms were recorded using one 10-electrode catheter that was sutured to the left ventrieular epicarditan. During CPR, animals were randomized into two groups to receive saline as placebo or esmolol after two standards doses of epinephrine. At postresuscitation 2-hour, six pigs were randomly selected from each group and the second VF induction was performed. Local activation-recovery intervals (ARI) restitutions and the VF inducibility between control group and esmolol group were compared. Western blotting was performed to determine cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) protein expression, and their phosphorylation status. Results No sig-nificant differences were observed at the restoration of spontaneous circulation between two groups. Higher postre-suseitation 2-hour survival rate was observed in the esmolol group. Esmolol significantly flattened ARI restitution slope, lessened regional difference of ARI restitution, decreased the VF inducibility, and alleviated RyR2 hyper-phosphorylation. Conclusions Esmolol given during CPR significantly improved postresuscitation 2-hour survival rate. Its effects on modulating electrical restitution property and intracellular calcium handling make up the most important reasons why β1-blockade significantly reduced the onset and maintenance of VF.

Objective To observe the influence of transplanting neural stem cells (NSCs) on angiogenesis in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods The Allen's method was used to create SCI models in sixty adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.They were then randomly classified into a control group which received injections of phosphate buffered solution (PBS) and an NSC group which received injections of NSCs via the tail vein,with 30 rats in each group.Another group of 30 similar rats without SCI received injections of NSCs via the tail vein as the normal group.Each rat was evaluated before transplantation and at days 7 and 14 post-transplantation using the Basso,Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scale for testing hindlimb function.After sacrifice,the distribution of yon Willebrand factor (vWF) in both groups was determined by immunofluorescence,and Western blotting was used to detect vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein.Results The average BBB score of the normal group was 21 at every time point.Before transplantation,the BBB scoresof the control and NSC groups were both 0,however they increased over time.At day 7 post-transplantation,the BBB scores showed no significant difference between the control group and the NSC group.At day 14 post-transplantation,the average BBB score of the NSC group was significantly higher than that in the control group.At days 7 and 14,the counts of vWF-positive cells in the normal group were significantly higher than in the control and NSC groups.VEGF protein expression in the normal group was significantly lower than in the NSC and control groups.Conclusions NSC transplantation may promote angiogenesis after spinal cord injury and improve motor function by inducing the expression of VEGF.

Objective To explore the change of the pre-swallow peak pressure of upper esophageal sphincter (UES) in patients with post-stroke cricopharyngeal achalasia,and investigate the effect of pre-swallowing peak UES pressure on swallowing function by quantitative analysis.Methods Fifty-seven stroke patients with cricopharyngeal achalasia were recruited and divided into balloon dilation group,combined training group and routine swallowing training group with 19 patients in eachp.All the three groups accepted routine swallowing training.In addtion,the routine swallowing training group and balloon dilation group accepted larynx elevation training and balloon dilation training,respectively,while the combined training group accepted larynx elevation training and balloon dilation training simultaneously.The pre-swallow peak UES pressure was measured by using PC polygraph high rate gastrointestinal dynamical detection system (PC Polygraf HR,CTD-synectics,Sweden) before and after 8 weeks of treatment.The swallowing function was assessed using swallowing function classification and water swallowing test.Results Before treatment,there was no significant difference among the 3 groups in terms of the pre-swallow peak UES pressure,swallowing function classification,water swallowing test and VFSS (P ＞ 0.05).After treatment,pre-swallow peak UES pressure,swallowing function classification,water swallowing test and VFSS of the balloon dilation group and combined training group improved significantly compared with those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),and the improvement in the combined training group was to a significantly better extent than in the balloon dilation group(P ＜O.05).Conclusion Balloon dilation and larynx elevation training plus routine swallowing training can increase pre-swallow peak UES pressure,decrease the UES resting pressure of stroke patients with cricopharyngeal achalasia,which is of great importance for their recovery.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of induction chemotherapy with nedaplatin and docetaxel plus concurrent intensity?modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT) with nedaplatin or cisplatin in the treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods A total of 223 patients with pathologically diagnosed locally advanced NPC in five treatment centers from 2011 to 2012 were randomly divided into two groups. In the test group, one hundred and thirteen patients received two cycles of induction chemotherapy with docetaxel (65 mg/ m2 on day 1) and nedaplatin (80 mg/ m2 on day 1) plus concurrent IMRT with nedaplatin (40 mg/ m2 on day 1). In the control group, 110 patients received two cycles of induction chemotherapy with the same regimens plus concurrent IMRT with cisplatin (40 mg/ m2 on day 1). The survival rates were calculated with the Kaplan?Meier method and the differences in the survival rates between the two groups were analyzed using the log?rank test. Comparison of the incidence rates of adverse reactions between the two groups was made by the chi?square test. Results The follow?up rate was 99?? 1%.The response rates at 3 months after treatment in the two groups were both 100%. The 2?year local recurrence?free, regional recurrence?free, distant metastasis?free, and overall survival rates were 94?? 0%, 94?? 2%, 88?? 2%, and 90?? 3%, respectively, in the test group, versus 93?? 4%, 94?? 1%, 86?? 7%, and 87?? 3% in the control group ( P= 0?? 757、 0?? 478、 0?? 509、 0?? 413). The incidence rates and severity of leucopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia were significantly higher in the test group than in the control group ( P= 0?? 027 , 0?? 028 , 0?? 035 ) . The incidence rates and severity of hemoglobin reduction and nausea /vomiting were significantly lower in the test group than in the control group (P= 0?? 000,0?? 023). There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of mucositis and xerostomia between the two groups ( P=0?? 483,0?? 781). Conclusions The short?term efficacy of induction chemotherapy with nedaplatin and docetaxel plus concurrent IMRT with nedaplatin is similar to that with cisplatin in the treatment of locally advanced NPC. The mild gastrointestinal reactions can be tolerated by patients. However, the severe myelosuppression should be closely monitored during the treatment.