Objective To investigate the protective effects of mild hypothenmia on myocardium of porcine with septic shock. Method A total of 24 Guishou miniature pigs were randomly(random number) divided into the pre-shock mild hypothermia group, shock mild hypothermia group and shock normothermia control group with 8 in each group. After the anesthesia of pigs, E. coli endotoxin was injected into femoral vein to establish the sepsis model of swine. After modeling, normal saline was continuously administered into femoral vein of pigs in three groups with in-fusion pump at steady speed. In the pre-shock mild hypothermia group,4 ℃ normal saline was used for intravenous injection to produce mild hypothermia before E. eoli endotoxin injection. In the shock mild hypothermia group, 38 ℃ saline was used at first and the 4 ℃ saline was employed after the systolic pressure of mice dropped to 60% of the o-riginal pressure for one hour. In shock normothermia group,38 ℃ saline was used from the beginning to the end of the experiment. The hemodynamics, blood lactate, CtnI, coronary angiography for detecting TIMI flow and the ultra-structural changes under electron microscopy were observed 6 h and 12 h after temperature intervention. Results (1) In pre-shock mild hypothermia group, the findings in all of observation were better than those in shock mild hy-pothermia group and shock normothennia group 6 h and 12 h after temperature intervention (P < 0.01). (2) In shock mild hypothermia group, the CtnI was lower and the ultra-structural changes were less severe than those in shock normothermia group (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in blood lactate, TIMI and hemody-namies between shock mild hypotherrnia group and shock normothermia group (P > 0.05). (3) There were no sig-nificant differences in all measurements between shock mild hypothermia group and shock normothennia group after 12 hours later (P > 0.05). Conclusions Mild hypothermia has some protective effects on myocardium of swine with sepsis. If the mild hypothermia is employed before the emergence of shock, the protective effects would be more ef-fective and the cardiac function would maintain at higher efficiency. If the hypothermia is used after the occmTence of shock, it could blunt the cardiac damage and preserve the cardiac function in some extent.

Objective To investigate the pathogens and their antibiotic resistance profile of hospital and community-acquired spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ( SBP) in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods Eighty-four cirrhotic patients with SBP were recruited, in which 61 (72. 6% ) were diagnosed as communityacquired SBP and 23 (27.4% ) were diagnosed as hospital-acquired SBP. Bacterial identification and drug susceptibility tests were performed. SPSS 16. 0 was used for statistical analysis. Results There were 68 (81.0%) Gram-negative strains and 16 (19.0%) Gram-positive strains. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the top two prevalent strains. In community-acquired group, there were 21 (21/61, 34. 4% ) strains of Escherichia coli and 15 ( 15/61 , 24. 6% ) strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae; while in hospital-acquired group, it was 12 (12/23, 52.2%) strains and 6 (6/23, 26. 1%) strains, respectively. There were no statistical differences in the infection rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae between community and hospital-acquired SBP patients (x2 = 2. 21 and 0. 02, P > 0. 05). Drug susceptibility tests showed that Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 100% sensitive to impenem, and the sensitivity to Piperacillin/Tazobactam was also high. But these strains were highly resistant to Ampicillin and Ampicillin/Sulbactam. All extended spectrum β-lactamases ( ESBLs) positive strains were resistant to cephalosporins, while ESBLs-negative strains were all sensitive to cephalosporins. Conclusions SBP in patients with liver cirrhosis are mainly caused by Gram-negative strains, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. ESBLs-positive strains are highly resistant to cephalosporins, so proper use of right antibacterial agents is important.

Objective To observe the influence of spasmodic torticollis on the rehabilitation prognoses of patients with neurogenic dysphagia.Methods One hundred and three dysphagic patients were recruited,of which 82 had spasmodic torticollis and 21 did not.The subjects with spasmodic torticollis were divided randomly into a medication therapy group (21 cases) which accepted medication plus swallowing training,a common therapy group (20 cases) accepting common support treatment plus swallowing training,a combined therapy group (20 cases) accepting common support treatment,medication,plus swallowing training as well,and a group of 21 cases accepting only routine rehabilitation therapy ( the routine rehabilitation group).The 21 cases without spasmodic torticollis served as a control group,and they were treated with routine rehabilitative treatment.The swallowing function of all patients was evaluated before and after therapy using videofluoroscopic swallowing study techniques.Results There was no significant difference with regard to the swallowing function among the groups before treatment except that the swallowing function of the control group (without torticollis) was significantly better than that of the other 4 groups.After treatment,swallowing function had improved significantly in all 5 groups.The average improvement in the routine rehabilitation group was,however,significantly less than in the others.After treatment there was no significant difference between the combined therapy group and the no torticollis control group with regard to swallowing function.Conclusions Spasmodic torticollis influences the recovery of swallowing function in dysphagic patients.Therapy for spasmodic torticollis can improve swallowing among dysphagic patients with spasmodic torticollis.

Objective To observe the influence of secondary spasmodic torticollis on the balance of hemiplegic stroke survivors and to compare the effects of different treatment protocols.Methods Fifty-six secondary spasmodic torticollis patients after stroke were randomly divided into three groups based on the type of treatment.The botulinum toxin (BTX) group received BTX-A injections and common support treatment plus rehabilitation training (n =19),the medication therapy group received oral baclofen and common support treatment plus rehabilitation training (n =18),and the routine rehabilitation group received only routine rehabilitation therapy (n =19).In addition,19 stroke cases without spasmodic torticollis served as a control group.They also were treated with routine rehabilitative treatment alone.Before and after 2 months of treatment,balance was assessed using Berg's balance scale,and spasmodic torticollis was evaluated using Tsui's scale.Results Before treatment the balance of the control group members was significantly better than that of the other three groups.After 2 months of therapy,balance function had improved significantly in all four groups.The balance of the botulinum toxin group was better than that of the medication and routine rehabilitation groups.After treatment,Tsui scale scores in the medication and botulinum toxin groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and the scores in the botulinum toxin group were significantly lower than in the medication and routine rehabilitation groups.There was no significant difference in Tsui scale scores before and after treatment in the control group.Conclusions Spasmodic torticollis inflaences the recovery of balance function in hemiplegic patients after stroke.Treating the spasmodic torticollis can improve their balance.Treatment with BTX-A combined with common support treatmcnt and rehabilitation training showed significant curativeeffect.

Objective To study the effects of propofol pretreatment on S100? and neurosecretion enzyme (NSE) of brain tissues with global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rat, and to evaluate the effects of propofol in protection of brain. Methods 30 SD male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation group (group A, n=10); single cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group (group B, n=10); propofol pretreatment at 2h before ischemia group (group C, n=10), in which propofol (100mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally (ip) before ischemia. 24h after ischemia-reperfusion, the neuroethology scores were recorded and evaluated, and S100? and NSE in rat brain were determined. Results The neuroethology scores of group A were higher than those of group B (P

Objective To evaluate the association between stress hyperglycemia and clinical out-comes among patients with and without diabetes mellitns admitted to medical intensive care unit (MICU).Methods We reviewed the medical ICU records of 1016 consecutive patients admitted to Wu Han Univer-sity Ren Min Hospital. According to admission glucose level, 126 patients with debates and 890 patients without known debates were divided into group 1 ( <6 mmol/L), group 2(6 ～ 8mmol/L), group 3(8 ～10mmol/L), and group 4( > 10mmol/L). The primary end point of the study was in-hospital mortality. Secondary end points included length of hospital stay, length of ICU stay, the ratio of mechanical ventila-tion, blood transfusions, antibiotics and blood glucose treatment. Results The hospital mortality among patients without a history of diabetes mellitus was 4. 7%, 12. 1%, 20. 5%, 30. 3% in group 1, 2, 3, 4,respectively. The ratio of mechanical ventilation, blood transfusions, and antibiotics increased progressively as glucose values increased. Conclusions Hyperglycemia was a common disease, and it may be an impor-tant marker of poor clinical outcome and mortality in patients without history of diabetes.

Objective To study the feasibility of semi-laminectomy procedures for the management of intradural extramedullary tumors of the spinal cord.Method Retrospective analysis of 19 cases of in-tradural extramedullary tumors of the spinal cord were treated by the approach of semi-laminectomy.including 11 cases of neurilemmoma and 8 cases of meningioma.Results Seventeen cases of extraspinal tumors were totally resection,2 of dumbbell neurilemmomas underwent subtotal resection.No new neurologi-cal disfunetions as well as recurrence or comphcations were found in all cases after the operation.Conclu-sion Semi-laminectomy procedures for the management of intradural extramedullary tumors of the spinal cord is a mini-invasive procedure,and is beneficial to the stability of spine,with the advantages of short hos-pitalization time,slight postoperative reactions and less complications.

Objective To observe the analgesic effects of preoperative tramadol caudal injection in patients after receiving gynaecological laparoscopy under general anesthesia. Methods A total of 60 patients scheduled for gynaecological laparoscopic operations under general anesthesia was randomly divided into two groups with 30 patients each.The Group A was given an injection of tramadol 100 mg,2% lidocaine 5 ml,ondansetron 4 mg,and normal saline 20 ml by caudal route preoperatively,while the Group B was given an intravenous drip of tramadol 100 mg and ondansetron 4 mg at 10 minutes before the end of operation.The Visual Analog Scale(VAS) pain scores and the Ramsay Sedation Scores were recorded after extubation,before the departure from operation room,and at 1,3,and 6 hours after surgery,respectively.Adverse effects of dysphoria,dizziness,drowsiness,nausea,and vomiting were recorded.Results The VAS scores were significantly lower after extubation,before the departure from operation room,and at 1 and 3 hours after surgery in the Group A than in the Group B(t=-5.961,-8.362,-4.038,-3.565;P=0.000), while the difference was not significant between the two groups at 6 hours after surgery(t=-1.403,P=0.166).The Ramsay scores were significantl higher after extubation,before the departure from operation room,and at 1 and 3 hours after surgery in the Group A than in the Group B(t=9.409,10.407,8.167,4.082;P=0.000),while the difference was not significant between the two groups at 6 hours after surgery(t=0.428,P=0.670).Significantly more patients presented dysphoria,dizziness,nausea,and vomiting in the Group B than in the Group A after extubation and before the departure from operation room.Conclusions Tramadol 100 mg caudal injection before operation can produce a better postoperative analgesic effect in patients receiving gynaecological laparoscopic operations.

The method of under--water weighing was used to measure the body composition of seventeen rhythmicgymnasts and four ordinary women. The average fat percentage was found to be 19. 0% in the gymoasts and26. 4% in the non--gytnnasts. The fat oercentage in the body composition of an athlete is not directly proportional to her body weight.It is inversely proportional to her training level. Therefore, in evaluating the physical condition of an athlete,her fat percentage must be taken into account. An artistic gymnast who is reducing bodyweight shows a negative energy belance of 50. 5% and insuffi-cient intake of protein and vitamins. Reduction of bodyweight should therefore be carried out under medicalsupervision.

Objective To study whether shRNA-CXCR4 could inhibit the CXCR4 gene expression in MCF-7,MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435s breast cancer cells.Methods After the knockdown of CXCR4 by shRNA,the CXCR4 mRNA expression by RT-PCR and the CXCR4 protein expression by Western blotting in breast cancer cells were examined.Results The CXCR4 mRNA expression and its protein expression were decreased significantly in MCF-7,MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435s breast cancer cells by shRNA-CXCR4(P