Objective To investigate the protective effects of mild hypothenmia on myocardium of porcine with septic shock. Method A total of 24 Guishou miniature pigs were randomly(random number) divided into the pre-shock mild hypothermia group, shock mild hypothermia group and shock normothermia control group with 8 in each group. After the anesthesia of pigs, E. coli endotoxin was injected into femoral vein to establish the sepsis model of swine. After modeling, normal saline was continuously administered into femoral vein of pigs in three groups with in-fusion pump at steady speed. In the pre-shock mild hypothermia group,4 ℃ normal saline was used for intravenous injection to produce mild hypothermia before E. eoli endotoxin injection. In the shock mild hypothermia group, 38 ℃ saline was used at first and the 4 ℃ saline was employed after the systolic pressure of mice dropped to 60% of the o-riginal pressure for one hour. In shock normothermia group,38 ℃ saline was used from the beginning to the end of the experiment. The hemodynamics, blood lactate, CtnI, coronary angiography for detecting TIMI flow and the ultra-structural changes under electron microscopy were observed 6 h and 12 h after temperature intervention. Results (1) In pre-shock mild hypothermia group, the findings in all of observation were better than those in shock mild hy-pothermia group and shock normothennia group 6 h and 12 h after temperature intervention (P < 0.01). (2) In shock mild hypothermia group, the CtnI was lower and the ultra-structural changes were less severe than those in shock normothermia group (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in blood lactate, TIMI and hemody-namies between shock mild hypotherrnia group and shock normothermia group (P > 0.05). (3) There were no sig-nificant differences in all measurements between shock mild hypothermia group and shock normothennia group after 12 hours later (P > 0.05). Conclusions Mild hypothermia has some protective effects on myocardium of swine with sepsis. If the mild hypothermia is employed before the emergence of shock, the protective effects would be more ef-fective and the cardiac function would maintain at higher efficiency. If the hypothermia is used after the occmTence of shock, it could blunt the cardiac damage and preserve the cardiac function in some extent.

Objective To study the feasibility of semi-laminectomy procedures for the management of intradural extramedullary tumors of the spinal cord.Method Retrospective analysis of 19 cases of in-tradural extramedullary tumors of the spinal cord were treated by the approach of semi-laminectomy.including 11 cases of neurilemmoma and 8 cases of meningioma.Results Seventeen cases of extraspinal tumors were totally resection,2 of dumbbell neurilemmomas underwent subtotal resection.No new neurologi-cal disfunetions as well as recurrence or comphcations were found in all cases after the operation.Conclu-sion Semi-laminectomy procedures for the management of intradural extramedullary tumors of the spinal cord is a mini-invasive procedure,and is beneficial to the stability of spine,with the advantages of short hos-pitalization time,slight postoperative reactions and less complications.

Objective To evaluate the association between stress hyperglycemia and clinical out-comes among patients with and without diabetes mellitns admitted to medical intensive care unit (MICU).Methods We reviewed the medical ICU records of 1016 consecutive patients admitted to Wu Han Univer-sity Ren Min Hospital. According to admission glucose level, 126 patients with debates and 890 patients without known debates were divided into group 1 ( <6 mmol/L), group 2(6 ～ 8mmol/L), group 3(8 ～10mmol/L), and group 4( > 10mmol/L). The primary end point of the study was in-hospital mortality. Secondary end points included length of hospital stay, length of ICU stay, the ratio of mechanical ventila-tion, blood transfusions, antibiotics and blood glucose treatment. Results The hospital mortality among patients without a history of diabetes mellitus was 4. 7%, 12. 1%, 20. 5%, 30. 3% in group 1, 2, 3, 4,respectively. The ratio of mechanical ventilation, blood transfusions, and antibiotics increased progressively as glucose values increased. Conclusions Hyperglycemia was a common disease, and it may be an impor-tant marker of poor clinical outcome and mortality in patients without history of diabetes.

Objective To investigate the pathogens and their antibiotic resistance profile of hospital and community-acquired spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ( SBP) in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods Eighty-four cirrhotic patients with SBP were recruited, in which 61 (72. 6% ) were diagnosed as communityacquired SBP and 23 (27.4% ) were diagnosed as hospital-acquired SBP. Bacterial identification and drug susceptibility tests were performed. SPSS 16. 0 was used for statistical analysis. Results There were 68 (81.0%) Gram-negative strains and 16 (19.0%) Gram-positive strains. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the top two prevalent strains. In community-acquired group, there were 21 (21/61, 34. 4% ) strains of Escherichia coli and 15 ( 15/61 , 24. 6% ) strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae; while in hospital-acquired group, it was 12 (12/23, 52.2%) strains and 6 (6/23, 26. 1%) strains, respectively. There were no statistical differences in the infection rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae between community and hospital-acquired SBP patients (x2 = 2. 21 and 0. 02, P > 0. 05). Drug susceptibility tests showed that Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 100% sensitive to impenem, and the sensitivity to Piperacillin/Tazobactam was also high. But these strains were highly resistant to Ampicillin and Ampicillin/Sulbactam. All extended spectrum β-lactamases ( ESBLs) positive strains were resistant to cephalosporins, while ESBLs-negative strains were all sensitive to cephalosporins. Conclusions SBP in patients with liver cirrhosis are mainly caused by Gram-negative strains, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. ESBLs-positive strains are highly resistant to cephalosporins, so proper use of right antibacterial agents is important.

Objective To observe the influence of spasmodic torticollis on the rehabilitation prognoses of patients with neurogenic dysphagia.Methods One hundred and three dysphagic patients were recruited,of which 82 had spasmodic torticollis and 21 did not.The subjects with spasmodic torticollis were divided randomly into a medication therapy group (21 cases) which accepted medication plus swallowing training,a common therapy group (20 cases) accepting common support treatment plus swallowing training,a combined therapy group (20 cases) accepting common support treatment,medication,plus swallowing training as well,and a group of 21 cases accepting only routine rehabilitation therapy ( the routine rehabilitation group).The 21 cases without spasmodic torticollis served as a control group,and they were treated with routine rehabilitative treatment.The swallowing function of all patients was evaluated before and after therapy using videofluoroscopic swallowing study techniques.Results There was no significant difference with regard to the swallowing function among the groups before treatment except that the swallowing function of the control group (without torticollis) was significantly better than that of the other 4 groups.After treatment,swallowing function had improved significantly in all 5 groups.The average improvement in the routine rehabilitation group was,however,significantly less than in the others.After treatment there was no significant difference between the combined therapy group and the no torticollis control group with regard to swallowing function.Conclusions Spasmodic torticollis influences the recovery of swallowing function in dysphagic patients.Therapy for spasmodic torticollis can improve swallowing among dysphagic patients with spasmodic torticollis.

A case-control study was performed to investigate the relationship between gallbladder cancer(GCA) and gallbladder stones (GS). 43 patients with GCA confirmed by pathology were included, in which 19 were accompanied by GS, 24 patients without. 88 controls were selected from the data for the periodic health checkup with B-ultrasonography(B-US): cholelithiasis were discovered in 6 controls, but 82 were free from GS. The difference between the case and control group was significant(P

Objective To study the expression of chemokine receptor-4(CXCR4) in human breast cancer and its correlation with the prognostic factors.Methods Forty-four samples of breast cancer were collected from Sep.2004 to Jan.2006.The expressions of CXCR4 mRNA and protein were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively.The expressions of CXCR4,estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR) and C-erbB-2 were examined by immunohistochemical methods.The clinicopathological features,such as ages,menstrual status,lymph node metastasis,tumor size and histological grading were recorded and analyzed.The relationship between CXCR4 and the clinicopathological features was analyzed.Results The immunohistochemical staining showed that CXCR4 expressed mainly in cytoplasm and little in nuclei.CXCR4 mRNA and protein expressed differently in 44 samples of breast cancer,and the expressive level increased with the increase in metastatic lymph nodes number.Compared with axillary lymph nodes metastasis negative group,the expression of CXCR4 mRNA and protein increased significantly in ≥4 and 1-3 nodes metastasis groups(P0.05).Conclusion CXCR4 might play an important role in promoting the metastasis of breast cancer.

Background and purpose:A chemokine receptor,CXCR4,and its endogenous ligand,stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1),have been recognized to be involved in the invasion and metastasis of cancer.Inhibition of CXCR4 may be a new therapeutic target.We studied whether shRNA-CXCR4 could inhibit the CXCR4 gene expression and the proliferation in MCF-7,MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435s breast cancer cells.Methods:Through knockdown CXCR4 by shRNA,the CXCR4 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR and the CXCR4 protein expression was mesured by Western blot.The proliferation of breast cancer cells was evaluated by MTT and flow cytometry.Results:The CXCR4mRNA and its protein expression decreased significantly in MCF-7(the average level of CXCR4 mRNA and protein expression were 0.089,0.177 in PG-CXCR4 group,compared with 0.327 and 0.313 for mRNA expression,0.911,0.874 for protein expression in control and PG-HK group),MDA-MB-231(the average level of CXCR4 mRNA and protein expression were 0.152 and 0.153 in PG-CXCR4 group,compared with 0.40 and 0.45 for mRNA expression,0.829 and 0.878 for protein expression in control and PG-HK group)and MDA-MB-435s(the average level of CXCR4 mRNA and protein expression were 0.198 and 0.173 in PG-CXCR4 group,compared with 0.69 and 0.77 for mRNA expression,0.877 and 0.906 for protein expression in control and PG-HK group)breast cancer cells(P

Objective To get knowledge of the air pollution situation inside the car caused by the automotive components and decorative materials and the major impacting factors, and to provide the basis for the development of the car air pollution control and countermeasures. Methods Thirty-five cars of different types and ages were selected from January to July 2008. The concentration of benzene series compounds, formaldehyde and TVOC was determined, a survey and analysis of air pollution inside the car was conducted. Results The results showed that the air pollution inside the new cars was serious, with the increase of the using time, the concentration of pollutants reduced. The amount of formaldehyde emission inside the cars was related to the age of the car, the formaldehyde pollution inside the new cars was the most serious in one year. The longer the car was closed, the higher the concentration of pollutants would be. Using perfume or smoking inside the car, car washing or painting could increase the TVOC concentration inside the car. However, after purification treatment, the concentration of air pollutants inside the new cars could significantly decrease. Conclusion The air pollution inside the new cars is so serious, for the health of passengers and drivers, the related standards for the control of the air pollution should be set as soon as possible.

Objective To observe the influence of secondary spasmodic torticollis on the balance of hemiplegic stroke survivors and to compare the effects of different treatment protocols.Methods Fifty-six secondary spasmodic torticollis patients after stroke were randomly divided into three groups based on the type of treatment.The botulinum toxin (BTX) group received BTX-A injections and common support treatment plus rehabilitation training (n =19),the medication therapy group received oral baclofen and common support treatment plus rehabilitation training (n =18),and the routine rehabilitation group received only routine rehabilitation therapy (n =19).In addition,19 stroke cases without spasmodic torticollis served as a control group.They also were treated with routine rehabilitative treatment alone.Before and after 2 months of treatment,balance was assessed using Berg's balance scale,and spasmodic torticollis was evaluated using Tsui's scale.Results Before treatment the balance of the control group members was significantly better than that of the other three groups.After 2 months of therapy,balance function had improved significantly in all four groups.The balance of the botulinum toxin group was better than that of the medication and routine rehabilitation groups.After treatment,Tsui scale scores in the medication and botulinum toxin groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and the scores in the botulinum toxin group were significantly lower than in the medication and routine rehabilitation groups.There was no significant difference in Tsui scale scores before and after treatment in the control group.Conclusions Spasmodic torticollis inflaences the recovery of balance function in hemiplegic patients after stroke.Treating the spasmodic torticollis can improve their balance.Treatment with BTX-A combined with common support treatmcnt and rehabilitation training showed significant curativeeffect.