Objective To investigate the influence of Tangshenbao Decoction on oxidation irritable reaction and pathological changes of renal cortex in diabetic rats. Methods The diabetic models were made by the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Then the rats were treated with Tangshenbao Decoction (Chinese herbs group) and Ramipril (western medicine group) respectively for eight weeks. Observe the oxidation irritable reaction and pathological changes of renal cortex in diabetic rats. Results The Chinese herbs group can decrease the urine microalbumin, improve the activity of SOD in renal cortex, reduce the content of MDA, cut down the MGA of renal glomerulus, and has obvious effects in mitigating the oxidation damages. Conclusion Tangshenbao Decoction can decrease the excretion of urine albumin in 24 hours, mitigate the oxidation damages of kidney tissue, lighten the pathological damages of kidney, while the oxidation damages in kidney tissue may play an important role in the genesis and development of diabetic nephropathy.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the influential factors of tacrolimus （TAC） blood concentration in patients with nephrotic syndrome （NS） of different nationalities. METHODS： In retrospective study， clinical information of 104 patients who diagnosed as NS and met inclusion/exclusion criteria were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University during Dec. 2017 and Nov. 2018， including gender， age， ethnicity， height， body weight， laboratory test items， combined drug use and TAC dosage. Influential factors for TAC blood concentration were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software， and effects of combined use of Wuzhi capsule on steady-state blood trough concentration （[ss][c min]） and dose of TAC were also analyzed. RESULTS： Among 104 patients， totally TAC blood concentration of 394 case times were monitored； using TAC standardized blood concentration as endpoint， Han nationality group was significantly lower than Uygur and Kazak nationality group （P＝0.003）； patients receiving combined use of Wuzhi capsule were significantly higher than those without combined use of Wuzhi capsule （P＝0.056）； the patients with combined use of calcium antagonists was significantly higher than the patients without calcium antagonists （P＝0.01）； the patients with combined use of proton pump inhibitors were significantly lower than those without combined proton pump inhibitors （P＝0.01）； patients with normal hematocrit were significantly lower than those with abnormal hematocrit （P＝0.001）； patients with normal urea nitrogen were significantly lower than those with abnormal urea nitrogen （P＜0.001）. The dose of TAC in patients receiving combined Wuzhi capsule were significantly lower than those without combined use of Wuzhi capsule （P＝0.001）， there was no significant difference in [ss][c min] of TAC between them （P＝0.29）. CONCLUSIONS： For NS patients， the effects of ethnicity， calcium antagonists， proton pump inhibitors， hematocrit， urea nitrogen and Wuzhi capsules on TAC blood concentration should be considered when TAC is used.