OBJECTIVETo develop an HPLC method for the quantification of six active components in three species (Swertia davidi, S. nervosa and S. mussotii) .

METHODThe determination was performed on a Hypersil BDS colunm (4. 6 mm x 200 mm, 5 microm). Acetonitrile and 0.5% phosphoric acid solution were used as the mobile phases with a gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The UV detection wavelength was at 240, 274, 325 and 334 nm. The column oven temperature was at 25 degrees C.

RESULTSix components were separated commendably in 60 minutes. The calibration curves of swertiamarin, gentiopicroside, norswertianolin, swertianolin, demethylbellidifolin and bellidifolin were in good linearity over the range of 0.520-20.8, 0.202-8.06, 0.107-4.28, 0.097-3.86, 0.094-3.77, 0.101-4.02 microg, respectively (r = 0.999 9). The average recoveries were 98.7%, 98.1%, 98.3%, 98.8%, 98.1% and 98.6%, respectively, and the RSD were less than 3.0% (n = 6).

CONCLUSIONThe method is accurate,simple and reproducible, and can be used to control the quality of Swertia.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Iridoid Glucosides ; Iridoids ; analysis ; Pyrones ; analysis ; Swertia ; chemistry ; Xanthones ; analysis

To study chemical constituents contained in Tetraena mongolica. Chemical constituents were separated and purified by using such methods as silica gel, Toyopearl HW-40C and HPLC preparative chromatography. Their structures were identified by organic spectral method. One new compound was separated from T. mongolica and identified olean-11-oxo-12-en-28-ol-3beta-yl-caffeate.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Quality Control ; Zygophyllaceae ; chemistry

BACKGROUNDIt is desirable to minimize the risk of adverse radiation effects associated with percutaneous coronary intervention. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of prolonging the interval between coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention on X-ray-induced DNA double-strand breaks in blood lymphocytes using γ-H2AX immunofluorescence microscopy.

METHODSBlood samples of eight patients were taken before the first exposure to ionizing radiation, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, and 24 hours after the last exposure to determine the γ-H2AX foci repair kinetics. Fifty-eight patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were randomized to an intermittent radiation exposure group and a continuous radiation exposure group. Blood samples were taken before coronary angiography and 15 minutes after the last exposure. By enumerating γ-H2AX foci, the impact of prolonging the interval on DNA double-strand breaks was investigated. Student t-test was used to compare the difference in DNA double-strand breaks between the two groups.

RESULTSAn increase in foci was found in all patients received percutaneous coronary intervention. The maximum number of γ-H2AX foci was found 10-20 minutes after the end of the last exposure. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in γ-H2AX foci at baseline. On average there were (0.79 ± 0.15) γ-H2AX foci induced by interventional X-rays per lymphocyte in the continuous radiation exposure group and (0.66 ± 0.21) in the intermittent radiation exposure group after exposure (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSA significant number of γ-H2AX foci develop following the percutaneous coronary intervention procedures. The number of X-ray-induced DNA double-strand breaks may be decreased by prolonging the interval time between coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention to 30 minutes.

Adult ; Coronary Angiography ; adverse effects ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; adverse effects