Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Simotang oral liquid combined with compound glutamine enteric capsules in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) belonging to liver depression and spleen deficiency pattern, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment goup (30 cases) took Simotang oral liquid and compound glutamine enteric capsules, the control group took Cerekinon and Medilac-S. The treatment course was 4 weeks. Clinical symptoms, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and substance P (SP) of both groups were evaluated respectively before and after treatment. Recurrence rate and adverse reactions were recorded. Results The total effective rate after treating 1, 2, 4 weeks between the two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). Four weeks later, in the treatment group, total score of the symptoms, abdominal distension and defecation urgency were apparently lower than that of control group (P<0.05). The levels of 5-HT and SP of the two groups significantly decreased after treatment (P<0.05). The recurrence rate at 4 weeks after drug withdrawal of treatment group and control group was 10.7%(3/28) and 32.1%(9/28) respectively. The difference between the two groups wasn’t significant (P>0.05). Obvious side effects were not found in the two groups. Conclusion Simotang oral liquid combined with compound glutamine enteric capsules has evident therapeutic effect on IBS-D of liver depression and spleen deficiency pattern, especially good at releasing abdominal distension and defecation urgency. The mechanism may be related with decreasing the levels of 5-HT and SP.

OBJECTIVE:To provide a method for a scientific and rational formation of hospital drug purchase plan.METHODS:Based on the major factors influencing the drug purchase plans,a moving-average method(mathematical principle)was used to establish computational formula for hospital drug purchase plan model,which was then put into practice.RESULTS:The predicted amount calculated using the computation model could be used to track the actual consumption quantity rapidly;this model could auto-adjust the inventory and dynamically forecast the drug purchase amount.CONCLUSION:The computation model contributes to the scientific and reasonable formation of hospital drug purchase plan thus meeting the needs of majority clinical drugs.

Objective To assess the effect of acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHH) with different hemodiluents on activation of platelets. Method Twenty ASA I-II patients undergoing total hip replacement under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. They averaged 54 ~ 76 years and 50 ~ 74 kg. The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 2 mg.kg-1 and atropine 0.01 mg. kg-1 . Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 2ug. kg-1 , dropendol 50 ug. kg-1 , midazolam 40 ug. kg-1 and propofol 1 mg.kg-1. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with vecuronium 0. 1 mg.kg-1 . Anesthesia was maintained with infusion of propofol (2-4mg.kg-1. h-1) and vecuronium (0.06-0.2 mg. kg.h-1) and isoflurane inhalation. Radial artery and right suhelavian vein were eannulated for BP and CVP monitoring. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups with 10 patients in each group : (A) HES group received hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 25 ml.kg-1 and (B) LR group received Ringer's lactate solution 25 ml.kg-1. In both groups HES or RL solution was infused at a rate of 30 ml-kg-1.h-1 after induetion oi anesthesia. Venous blood samples were taken before induction of anesthesia (T1 ), before AHH (T1 ), 15 min ( T3 ) , 30 min ( T4 ) and 45 min ( T5 ) after the beginning of AHH for determination of the percentage of CD62P and CD63 positive platelet using flow eytometry. ECG, HR, MAP, CVP and urine output were continuously monitored. Small doses of nitroglyeerin were given according to CVP monitoring. Results CD62P expression at T3 , T4 and T5 was significantly higher than that at T, ( P

Objective This paper provides an anatomical and theoretic basis for the reverse transposition of proximal ulnar or radial periosteal flap to repair non-union in distal humerus.Methods The origin,course,meanwhile,the outside diameter and length of relevent vessels were measured,on 30 upper limb cadaveric specimens.Results The recurrent interosseous,radial recurrentand the posterior branch of radial collateal arteries,their origin outside diameter and length from the origin to the humerus extermal epicondyle were (1 47?0 2)mm,(65 1?9 5)mm,(2 1?0 3)mm,(63 7?0 8)mm,(1 48?0 22)mm and (104 5?8 9)mm,respectively.Anastomoses pattern existed 3 types: in vicinity of the external epicondyle"Reverse Y"73 3%(22 cases)."Meeting in one point 13 3%(4 cases)"."Arteries networks"13 3%(4 cases).Conclusions It's possible that the reverse transposition of proximal ulnar or radial periostea flap pedicled with recurrent interosseous membrane or radial recurrent vessel for repairing non-union in distal humerus.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the development of perioperative cardiovascular events in elderly patients.Methods Forty-eight patients of both sexes,aged 65-85 yr,with body mass index of 19.5-25.3 kg/m2,of American Society Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,scheduled for elective abdomninal or lower limb surgery under general anesthesia,were divided into 2 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:general anesthesia group (group G) and dexmedetomidine plus general anesthesia group (group D).In group D,dexmedetomidine was intravenously infused in a loading dose of 0.25 μg/kg over 10 min and then continuously infused at 0.2 μg · kg-1 · h-1 until 30 min before the end of surgery.The equal volume of normal saline was intravenously infused instead in group G.At 1 day before surgery and 1 and 2 days after surgery,dynamic electrocardiogram was used to monitor heart rate variability including standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals,standard deviation of the average 5-min normal-to-normal intervals,and root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent normal-to-normal intervals.The development of intraoperative cardiovascular events and requirement for vasoactive drugs were recorded,and the development of cardiovascular events within 2 days after surgery was also recorded.Results Compared with group G,standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals and standard deviation of the average 5-min normal-to-normal intervals at 1 and 2 days after surgery and root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent normal-to-normal intervals at 2 days after surgery were significantly increased,the total incidence of intraoperative cardiovascular events and requirement for vasoactive drugs were decreased,and the total incidence of cardiovascular events within 2 days after surgery was decreased in group D (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can reduce the development of perioperative cardiovascular events in elderly patients.

Objective To study the expression of programmed death 1(PD-1) on the peripheral T lymphocytes and the serum cytokine levels in different phases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (immune tolerance,immune clearance and non-replicating phases).Methods A total of 105 HBV infected patients in different phases of infection were enrolled in Wuxi No.5 People's Hospital from Apr to Sep 2011,and divided into three groups:the immune tolerance group (35 cases),the immune clearance group (35 cases) and the non-replicating group (35 cases).Meanwhile,20 healthy people were enrolled as controls.The peripheral blood was collected and PD-1 expressions on the surface of T lymphocytes were assessed by flow cytometry.The cytokine levels in different groups were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The data were analyzed by t test and Pearson correlation analysis.Results The PD-1 expression on surface of CD8+ T lymphocytes of HBV infected patients was (12.35± 3.48)％,which was significantly higher than healthy control group [(4.65±1.21) ％] (t=9.76,P＜0.01).The PD-1 expression on CD4+ T lymphocytes was (4.95±2.87) ％,which was not significantly different from the healthy controls [(4.08±2.14) ％] (t =1.29,P＞0.05).The PD-1 expressions on CD8+ T lymphocytes of patients in the immune tolerance group,the immune clearance group and the non-replicating group were (15.87±3.18)％,(7.69±3.64)％and (10.12±2.84) ％,respectively; that in the immune tolerance group was higher than the immune clearance group (t=10.01,P＜0.01) and that in healthy control group was lower than those in the other 3 groups (t=15.12,3.61 and 8.17,respectively; all P＜0.01).The PD-1 expression on the surface of CD8+ T lymphocytes in chronic HBV infected patients was positively correlated with the serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) level (γ=0.377,P＜0.05),while that was negatively correlated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) level (r=-0.620,P＜0.05).Conclusions PD-1 is up-regulated on the surface of CD8+ T lymphocytes from chronic HBV infected patients.And PD-1 is negatively correlated with serum IFN-γ levels and positively correlated with serum IL-10 levels.The expression of PD-1 on the surface of CD8+ T lymphocytes influences the balance of helper T cell (Th)1/Th2,which might play a role in the persistence of HBV infection.

In resent years,brain parenchyma and cerebrovascular sonography have received considerable attention.Monitoring of cerebral vessels and their blood flow velocities and pulsation indexes may reflect the intracranial vascular lesions.However,there are a few studies about transcranial color-code duplex sonography (TCCD) in the monitoring of space-occupying stroke.This technology has the non-invasive,convenient,and economical advantages,and can timely provide clinical information.Using TCCD to monitor pace-occupying stroke may play a positive role in prevention of the diseases and prognosis.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare a rapid-disintegrated lozenge METHODS:The formula and technology were decided by taking the disintegrating time and dissolubility as standard RESULTS:The lozenge could completely disintegrate in 20s and the accumnlated dissolubility of the model drug was 99% after 5 minutes in phosphate buffer(pH=6 80) CONCLUSION:Using now available equipment,suitable excipients and workmanship can prepare a rapid-disintegrated lozenge

Objective To evaluate the application value of three‐dimensional ultrasonography OmniView technology in diagnosis of fetal cleft lip/palate . Methods Three‐dimensional volume data was acquired from 100 normal singleton fetuses and 18 cleft lip/palate fetuses ,and was analysed by OmniView technology . Two‐dimensional ultrasonography and three‐dimensional OmniView technology were compared in the displaying rate of different planes of the lip and palate and the diagnosis accordance rate of cleft lip/palate.Results ①ThedisplayingrateofthelipandpalateofOmniViewtechnologywashigherthanthatof two‐dimensional ultrasonography ( the displaying rates were 64% -88% and 30% -65% ,respectively , P <0 .05) . Further more ,the curved plane tiled imaging of palate was successfully reconstructed by OmniView technology ,displaying the nonplanar panorama of the palate . ② There was no significant difference in diagnosis accordance rate of fetal cleft lip/palate between two‐dimensional ultrasonography and OmniView technology( the accordance rate was 89% -94% and 78% -100% ,respectively , P >0 .05) . Conclusions Three‐dimentional ultrasonography OmniView technology can improve the displaying rate of the hard and soft palate .The application of this technology in the fetuses who has a high risk of cleft palate may be beneficial to the diagnosis of cleft palate .

AIM: To investigate the protective mechanism of extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGB) on apoptosis of hippocampus neuronal cells in type 1 diabetic encephalopathic rats. METHODS: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dauley rats were divided into 3 groups: control group, diabetic group and EGB-treated group. Streptozotocin was injected intraperitoneally to the animals in later two groups to induce diabetes. The rats in EGB-treated group were injected intraperitoneally with EGB, and the same volume of normal saline was injected to the rats in other groups. At the end of the 12th week, the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats in each group were examined by Morris water maze test. Blood glucose and serum insulin concentration were measured. The neuron densities in hippocampus were measured by Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. The expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3 were assayed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Compared to control group, the level of blood glucose (P<0.01), the protein expression of Bax (P<0.01) and caspase-3 (P<0.01) in hippocampus neuronal cells, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 (P<0.01) and the escape latency (P<0.01) in diabetic group, were significantly increased, while the serum insulin concentration (P<0.01), the neuronal density (P<0.05) in CA1,CA2 hippocampal regions and the platform searching score (P<0.01) were significantly deceased. After treated with EGB, the serum insulin concentration (P<0.05), the neuronal density (P<0.05) in CA1,CA2 hippocampal regions and the platform searching score (P<0.01) were significantly increased, while the level of blood glucose (P<0.01), the protein expression of Bax (P<0.05), caspase-3 (P<0.05) in hippocampus neuronal cells, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 (P<0.01) and the escape latency (P<0.05) were significantly deceased than those in diabetic group. The protein expression of Bcl-2 in hippocampus neuronal cells did not alter in any experimental rats. CONCLUSION: EGB improves the spatial learning and memory capacity in diabetic rats by decreasing the expression of Bax, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and down-regulating caspase-3 to reduce neurocyte apoptosis and increase the neuron density in CA1, CA2 hippocampal regions, suggesting that effective regulation of neuron apoptosis associated genes may be one of the mechanisms for EGB to treat diabetic encephalopathy.