Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity in the skeletal muscle cells was observed with electron microscope in rats.It was found that the reaction product of G6Pase activity was localized in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and nuclear envelope and a heterogenous distribution of G6Pase activity in the SR was shown.On the basis of the position relationship between SR and sarcolemmal system,the skeletal couplings can be classified as follows.1.The coupling between the terminal cisternae and the transverse tubules such as a triad.2.The peripheral coupling between the peripheral SR and the surface sarcolemma.3.The coupling between the subsarcolemmal SR and the subsarcolemmaltransverse tubules.The significance of the findings was discussed.

Objective:To search for a rapid and efficient method for the isolation of 3 kinds of isoflavone glucosides from the ethanol extract of Semen Sojae Praeparatum.Methods: The crude isoflavones were extracted by 75% aqueous ethanol after removing the oil by Soxhlet extraction.Then 1300 macroporous resin,water and different concentrations of aqueous ethanol(10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,70%,and 95%) were used to separate and elute the crude isoflavones.The fraction eluted by 40% aqueous ethanol was subjected to preparative HPLC analysis.The chromatographic conditions: A YWG C18(10.0 mm?200 mm,i.d.10 ?m) column was used;the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water-acetic acid at volume ratio of 25751(V/V/V) and a flow rate of 3.0 ml/min;the injection volume was 750 ?l;and the detection wave length was set at 260 nm.Results: Daidzin,glycitin and genistin were rapidly separated with the purities over 99% as determined by external standard HPLC.Conclusion: This technique is simple and suitable for the isolation of daidzin,glycitin and genistin from Semen Sojae Praeparatum.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) combined with imiquimod for basal cell carcinoma( BCC).Methods 38 patients with BCC were randomly divided into two groups.ALA-PDT plus imiquimod were given in the treatment group (19 patients) , and the control group(19 patients) were treated with only ALA-PDT.All patients were followed for one year,and the efficacy and relapse rate were observed.Results The cure rate and the recurrence rate of the treatment group was 94.74% ( 18/19) and 5.26% (1/19) .however,those of the control group was 68.42% (13/19) and 31.58% (6/19).There was a statistical difference in the cure rate and recurrence rate between the two groups(x2 =4.37,P <0.05).Conclusion The efficacy and relapse rate of ALA-PDT combined with imiquimod was much better than those of ALA-PDT only in treatment of BCC.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of the complex mixture of luteolin and rutin ( MLR) on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin ( MPTP) induced Parkinson’ s disease ( PD) mouse model. Methods Seventy-two C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups randomly ( n=12 in each group): the normal control , model control , madopar (50 mg·kg-1) group, MLR at low (140 mg·kg-1), middle (280 mg·kg-1) and high (560 mg·kg-1) dose groups. PD mouse models were established by intraperitoneal injection of MPTP ( 30 mg · kg-1 ) . Pole test and traction performance were recorded to access the body coordinate capability and strength. The tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transport protein ( DAT) , and glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP ) positive cells were detected by immunohistochemical method. Dopamine ( DA ) , dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ( DOPAC ) , homovanilic acid ( HVA ) , 5-hydroxytryptamine ( 5-HT ) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in striatum were quantified by HPLC-ECD. Results MLR significantly ameliorated mouse motor coordination ability (P<0. 01 or P<0. 05). MLR at 280 and 560 mg·kg-1 could increase TH-positive neurons by 69. 00%and 77. 95% compared with the normal control group (P<0. 01) and DAT-positive neurons by 68. 53% and 70. 40% compared with the normal control group(P<0. 05), and decrease GFAP-postive astrocyte reactivity. The treatment with MLR at three doses attenuated the monoamine neurotransmitter disorder. Conclusion MLR markedly improves MPTP caused movement coordinate ability injury in mice and exerts therapeutic action on PD by regulating neurotransmitters in brain, inhibiting the inflammatory reaction and alleviating the neuron injury.

Objective To examine loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MSI) of locus D8S532 on chromosome 8 and their influence on the expression of sFRP1 in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCCs), which may provide an experimental evidence for clarifying the mechanism of sFRP1 gene and tumor development. Methods DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and ordinary silver stain were used to study LOH and MSI of locus D8S532. Envision immunohistochemistry, Leica-Qwin computerized imaging system and Image-Pro PluS (IPP) version 4.5 professional imaging analysis software were used to assess the expression of sFRP1. Results The detection rates of LOH and MSI of locus D8S532 in the 36 specimens of HCC were 11.11% and 8.33% respectively. The down-regulation of sFRP1 was observed in 31 of 36 HCCs (86.11%) compared with non-carcinoma liver tissues, and the positive rate of sFRP1 protein of the HCCs was 52.78%( 19/36 ). The frequency of LOH was lower in the cases with positive expression of sFRP1 protein than those negative (0 vs 23.53%, P <0.05). Conclusion It was a common phenomenon that expression of sFRP1 protein is negative or low in Chinese with HCCs. The genetic instability of sFRP1 gene was one of causes, which lead to HCCs. LOH may play a major role in negative expression of sFRP1.

Objective　To find out the appropriate bedbound period after Coronary Arteriography (CAG) in order to reduce the complications and uncomfort caused by prolonged Bedbound period and affected limb immobilization.Methods　121 cases of CAG patients were randomly divided into the reduced period group (experiment group) and the conventional group (the control group),two ways of nursing and observation respectively.Result　the rate of complication occurred in the experiment group much less than that of in the control group and the bedbound period were different as well.The above items showed statistics significance (P<0.005～0.05).Conclusion　The reduced bedbound period decreases the suffering of CAG patients and provides the reliable clinical evidence for proper nursing approach in this field.

Aim To explore the therapeutical effect and mechanism of baicalein on two 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA ) induced Parkinson′s disease (PD ) rat models,which received unilateral lesions of the left medial forebrain bundle (MFB ) or caudate putamen (CPu ) made by stereotaxic injection of 6-OHDA (MFB-M,CPu-M).Methods PD rat models were established by microinjection of 6-OHDA into MFB or CPu.The anti-tremor effect of baicalein on PD rat models was examined.Spontaneous activity was recor-ded. Dopamine (DA ), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC)and homovanilic acid (HVA)in striatum were quantified by HPLC-ECD.The tyrosine hydroxy-lase (TH)and OX-42 positive cells were detected by immunohistochemical method.The morphological vari-ation of the neurons was confirmed by analysis at an ul-trastructural level.Results Baicalein significantly in-creased the spontaneous activity in CPu-M.The elec-tromyography (EMG ) recordings revealed that com-pared with 6-OHDA group,the tremor frequency in ba-icalein group was decreased by 55% in MFB-M,and by 60% in CPu-M.6-OHDA treatment decreased DA levels in the striatum,while treatment with baicalein attenuated the DA decreases in CPu-M.Moreover,ba-icalein treatment could increase TH-positive neurons and decrease OX-42-postive microglia compared with 6-OHDA group in both MFB-M and CPu-M.Conclu-sions In the present study,it is illustrated that ①microinjection of 6-OHDA into the MFB and the CPu could cause different pathological changes of PD, which is important for efficacy evaluation;②baicalein showed the ability to alleviate the behavior symptoms in PD-rats at different stages by improving motor function and attenuating muscle tremor;③therapeutic effect of baicalein was produced by inhibiting the inflammatory medium production and release,anti-apoptosis,chan-ging dopamine catabolism, and inhibiting dopamine turnover.

Objective:To evaluate the correlation of inter-individual variation of cyclosporine dosage and blood concentration and CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 polymorphism in renal transplant recipients. Methods:Two hundred and twenty-one renal transplant recipients treated with cyclosporine were genotyped for CYP3A4 rs4646437C>T and CYP3A5 6986G>A using ligase detection reactions. The effects of genetic polymorphisms of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 on cyclosporine trough concentration (C0/D) and 2 h post-dose concentra-tion (C2/D) during the period of 6 months, 6-24 months and above 24 months after renal transplant were studied. Results:CYP3A5 6986G>A genotype affected C0/D during the period of 6 months, 6-24 months and beyond 24 months (P<0. 05) with the order of CYP3A5 6986GG>GA>AA. CYP3A4 rs4646437C>T and CYP3A5 6986G>A genotype affected C2/D during the period above 24 months (P<0. 05) with the order of CYP3A4 rs4646437 CC>CT>TT and CYP3A5 6986GG>GA>AA. Conclusion: CYP3A5 6986G>A genotype affects C0/D and C2/D of cyclosporine, and CYP3A4 rs4646437 C>T genotype affects C2/D of cyclosporine. The effects of genotypes are varied in different stages.

Objective To investigate the effects of enteral nutrition via the nasojejunal and nasogastric feeding on stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) and other complications in patients with severe acute stroke.Methods A total of 60 patients with severe acute stroke who needed tube feeding were randomized to either a nasojejunal tube group or a nasaogastric tube group for enteral nutrition support.The occurrence of SAP,diarrhea,vomiting,and gastrointestinal bleeding within 2 weeks were observed.The nutrition indices (total protein,prealbumin,and hemoglobin) before and at day 7 and 14 after the tube placement were documented and compared.Results There were 30 patients in the nasojejunal tube group and the nasaogastric rube group,respectively.There were no significant difference in demographic and baseline clinical data between the 2 groups.The incidence of SAP (43.3％ vs.70.0％;x2 =4.340,P=0.037),vomiting (13.3％ vs.43.3％;x2 =6.648,P =0.010),and hyponatremia (6.7％ vs.40.0％;x2 =4.022,P =0.045) in the nasojejunal rube group were significant lower than those in the nasogastric rube group,however,there was no significant differences in the incidences of diarrhea and gastrointestinal bleeding.Compared with before indwelling tube,there were no significant difference in the concentrations of total plasma protein and prealbumin at day 14 after indwelling tube in the nasojejunal tube group,but the concentration of hemoglobin were decreased significantly (P =0.001);compared with before indwelling tube,the concentrations of the total plasma protein (P =0.001),prealbumin (P =0.036),and hemoglobin (P =0.001) at day 14 after indwelling tube in the nasogastric rube group were significantly decreased.Conclusions Nasojejunal nutrition may effectively prevent SAP,volmiting,and hyponatremia in patients with severe acute stroke,and contributes to maintain the nutritional status.

Objective:To evaluate the value of improved pulmonary ultrasonography in the follow-up assessment of lung damage in patients who recovered from corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods:Twenty-two patients who were cured of COVID-19 in Quanzhou First Hospital from January to May 2020 were randomly selected and divided into 7 mild cases, 12 moderate cases and 3 severe cases according to the first high-resolution CT (HRCT) at admission. Six months after recovery, modified lung ultrasonography and HRCT were used prospectively to assess the lung damage and evaluate the correlation and consistency between the two techniques.Results:①There were significant differences in lung damage between the mild group and the moderate group, severe group (all P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the moderate group and severe group ( P>0.05). ②There was good consistency between the improved lung ultrasound examination and HRCT (Kappa=0.776, P<0.001). ③There was a positive correlation between the score of improved pulmonary ultrasound examination and HRCT Warrick score ( r=0.755, P<0.001). Conclusions:Improved pulmonary ultrasonography can be used as a priority in the evaluation of pulmonary damage follow-up in patients with COVID-19 recovery, reducing the use of CT, and providing favorable evidence for further clinical management.