Chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia( CIT) is a major dose-limiting hematologic toxicity with cancer patients.Aside from bleeding risk, thrombocytopenia limits chemotherapy doses and frequencies. While platelet transfusion is remain the elementary method for CIT,administration of platelet growth factors,such as recombinant human interleukin-11(rhIL-11),recombinant human thrombopoietin(rhTPO)and thrombopoie-tin receptor agonist(TPO-RA),are convenient and effective platelet-support strategies for patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy.In addition,other cytokines and proximal splenic artery embolization( PSAE) are expected to be new clinical therapies.In this review,we summarize the existing data and approaches in the treat-ment progress of CIT.

Objective To investigate the influence of blood pressure level on carotid intima‐media thickness (CIM T ) and plaque in elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) .Methods 100 elderly CHD patients with hypertension admitted in our hospital from Jan .to Dec .2012 was collected .an epidemiological investigation was applied ,and blood pressure was measured .carotid CIMT and plaque were determined by colored Doppler ultrasound .multivariate linear regression model or Logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of blood pressure on CIMT and plaque .Results A total of 100 subjects were enrolled .CIMT and plaque prevalence were (0 .7 ± 0 .1)mm ,45 .8% in 48 males and (0 .7 ± 0 .1)mm ,34 .6% in 52 females .the difference was statisti‐cally significant(χ2 =5 .609 ,P=0 .018) .multiple regression models showed that ,after adjusting relevant factors ,CIMT increased 0 .001 14 mm with SBP 1 mm Hg increase and CIMT increased 0 .001 18 mm with pulse pressure 1 mm Hg increase in males .Lo‐gistic regression model showed that the risk of plaque number >1 was higher in grade Ⅲhypertension compared to grade 1 hyper‐tension(OR= 2 .115 ,95% CI= 1 .128~ 3 .966 ,P= 0 .020) .Conclusion Elderly CHD patients with hypertension ,especially in males ,carotid CIMT increase while systolic BP and high pulse are high ,which cause the high risk of carotid artery plaque;hyperten‐sion is a independent risk factor for atherosclerosis in elderly CHD patients .

Objective To study the clinical and imaging features of chlamydial pneumonia in newborns.Methods Medical records,chest X-Ray and CT findings of 17 neonates with chlamydia pneumonia were reviewed.The age was ranged from 9.0 to 28.0 days with mean of ( 16.8 ± 5.8 ) days.There were 11males and 6 females.Sixteen were full term infants and one was born post term.All babies were examined with chest X-ray film,and 13 patients also underwent chest CT scan.Serologic test using immunofluorescence method for Chlamydia IgG and IgM antibodies were performed in all patients.Results All newborns presented with cough but without fever.Positive results of the serologic tests were demonstrated.Chest films showed bilateral hyperventilation in 10 patients,diffuse reticular nodules in 10 patients including nodules mimicking military tuberculosis in 7 patients,and accompanying consolidation in 9 patients.CT features included interstitial reticular nodules in 13 patients with size,density,and distribution varied.Subpleurul nodules ( 11patients) and fusion of nodules ( 10 patients ) predominated.Bilateral hyperinflation was found in 10 patients,which combined with infiltration in 12 patients,thickening of bronchovascular bundles in 10 patients,and ground glass sign in 5 patients.No pleural effusion and lymphadenopathy was detected in any patient.Conclusions Bilateral hyperinflation and diffuse interstitial reticular nodules were the most common imaging features of neonatal chlamydial pneumonia.The main clinical characteristic of neonatal chlamydial pneumonia is respiratory symptoms without fever,which is helpful to its diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the use of spiral Double J stent in the treatment of complica ted ureteral calculi with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL). Methods Spiral Double J stent was inserted in 52 patients with complicated ureteral calculi before ESWL,and the conventional Double J stent was inserted in 45 patients as control. Results In the control group,the number of ESWLprocedures was 4.2,while in spiral Double J stent group,it was 3.8( P

Objective To study the influence of interim overload exercise on health and it's biochemical mechanism.Methods 45 Wistar rats were randomly divided to three groups(n=15):no exercises group(control,C),normal exercise group(NE,the rats ran in the animal running machines at 15 m?min-1for 5 d in one week,exercise time was 30 min?2,and rested for 10 min after ran for 30 min),overload exercise group(OE,the rats exercised 2 bouts,2 d in consecutive in one week,exercise time was 100 min?2,and they rested for 10 min after ran for 100 min).After training for 8 weeks,the rats in three groups were sacrificed and 15 biochemical indexes in blood of rats were determined.Results Compared with C and NE groups,CK,LDH,and ALT increased obviously(P

Objective Study the possible mechanisms of inhibiting hepatic fibrosis of IFN-? by observing the effects of IFN-? on the expression of smad3 mRNA in rat hepatic fibrosis model.Methods 70 rats were divided into three groups at random-fibrosis model group、IFN-? treatment group and normal control group.There are 30 rats in fibrosis model group which were induced to hepatic fibrosis by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) for 12 weeks.In the meantime,using IFN-? to treat the rats in IFN-? treatment group for 12 weeks.Histopathology changes and degree of fibrosis in livers of all rats were observed.Eventually,Smad3 mRNA were detected and quantified by real-time RT-PCR.Results In contrast with normal control group,the degrees of fibrosis in rat fibrosis model were significantly increased(P

Objective To analyze the X ray findings of enema unreduced (including 4 perforations ) intussusception so as to improve the knowledge about the difficulty of reduction by air enema or the risk of perforation. Methods Of the 552 cases, 506 cases were successfully reduced by air enema. The range of air pressure was 6.67 to 14.67 kPa(60～110 mm Hg). Forty six unreduced cases were cured by operation. The films were taken before and during the reduction period. X ray findings were analyzed compared with that of the operative pathology. Results (1)Abdominal plain films showed total obstruction in 26 cases and asctis in 4 cases; (2) Air enema showed big and lobular masses in 36 cases and the location of masses in distal part of colon in 22 cases; (3)Operation pathology: ileoilecolic intussusception in 35 cases, 15 cases with intestinal necrosis (including 4 perforation cases). In 3 cases, perforations were in the intussusceptum,the other in the intussuscipiens. Conclusion 92% of intussusceptions can be reducted by pressure of air enema. Complex intussusception, with intestinal necrosis and primary intussusceptum, are difficult to reduce, and these patients ought to be operated on time.

The high mortality of paraquat (PQ) poisonings is mainly due to the lack of effective treatments. The optimal method of extracorporeal removal of paraquat is often a matter of debate. Due to the lack of well-designed studies, we are often left with circumstantial evidence, and we must exercise our best clinical judgment as to whether extracorporeal paraquat removal is beneficial and if so, by what method. It is clear, however, that rapidity in paraquat removal is beneficial. Due to the urgent nature of treatment for paraquat poisoning, there may never be well-designed evidence-based studies to help guide us. In the meantime, we must continue to use less than ideal evidence and our own experience to guide our decision-making process. Most toxicologists recommend rapid initiation of charcoal haemoperfusion (CHP) to lower plasma PQ levels and to limit pulmonary and other organs uptake of PQ.

Objective To investigate the expression of hepsin and its role in the pathogenesis of breast infiltrating ductal cancer ( BIDC) .Methods The expression level of hepsin was examined by immunobloting and immunohistochemistry in breast tissue samples from 8 healthy controls and 139 patients with BIDC,respectively. The correlation between hepsin level and its significance in clinical pathology of BIDC was assessed by statistical analysis.Results High level of hepsin was detected in nearly 70.5 percent of BIDC samples(98 out of 139)by immunobloting and immunohistochemistry , while the level of hepsin was relatively low or hardly detectable in healthy controls.In addition,there was a significant correlation between hepsin level and clinical stages as well as the level of histological differentiation of BIDC .Conclusion Increased expression of hepsin might play an impor-tant role in pathogenesis and progression of BIDC .The level of hepsin is positively correlated to clinical stages of BIDC,but negatively correlated with the level of histological differentiation of BIDC .

Objective To explore the imaging features on chest radiograph and CT in children with Influenza A H1N1 pneumonia. Methods The imaging data of chest radiograph and CT in six children with Influenza A H1N1 pneumonia confirmed by real-time RT-PCR assay was retrospectively analysis. All patients had chest radiograph at first examination and 4 of them re-examed. One children took CT. Results All cases showed thick lung markings with varied degrees of pulmonary infiltration and interstitial changes on chest radiograph. Among them, 3 cases showed bilateral pulmonary infiltration and 3 cases showed infiltration in left lung; enlarged hilar was observed in 3 cases. The imaging findings of the pneumonia changed quickly during the follow-up accompanied with the improvement of clinical symptoms. The only one chest CT examination showed bilateral infiltration, multiple ground-glass opacities,small subpleural nodulars, right pleural effusion and lymphadenopathy of lung hila and mediastinum. Conclusions Chest radiograph and CT revealed certain typical imaging features in the children with influenza A H1N1 pneumonia. However, the final diagnosis of influenza A H1N1 pneumonia still should be made based on epidemiology and laboratory examination.