This paper reviews progresses made in China from 2011 in areas of "Synthetic Biology" supported by State Basic Research 973 Program. Till the end of 2014, 9 "synthetic biology" projects have been initiated with emphasis on "microbial manufactures" with the 973 Funding Program. Combined with the very recent launch of one project on "mammalian cell synthetic biology" and another on "plant synthetic biology", Chinese "synthetic biology" research reflects its focus on "manufactures" while not giving up efforts on "synthetic biology" of complex systems.
Animals ; China ; Plants ; Synthetic Biology

This paper reviews the research and commercialization progresses of biobased polymeric materials including polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polylactides (PLA), poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and its monomer succinate, and CO2 copolymer poly (propylene carbonate), especially these efforts made in China.
Bioengineering ; Butylene Glycols ; China ; Polyesters ; Polyhydroxyalkanoates ; Polymers ; Propane ; analogs & derivatives ; Succinic Acid

Objective To test the hypothesis that if oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) were associated with target organ damage(TOD) in patients with essential hypertension.Methods A total of 182 patients with primary hypertension[102 males and 80 females,age (52.8?18.4) years] were enrolled in this study in our department between October 2006 and June 2009.Patients were classified as with TOD(n=85) or without TOD (n=97).Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and intima-media thickness(IMT) was determined using echocardiography;24 hours urine microalbumin and retinal changes were measured.Cerebral hemorrhage,ischemic infarction,transient ischemic attack (TIA) were evaluated by CT or MRI.Serum ox-LDL was measured by sandwich ELISA.Results Mean ox-LDL level were (114.6?24.3)U/L in without target organ damage patients which was significantly lower than that in target organ damage group[(164.2?27.6)U/L,P

0.05).As for patients' age the old age group had the statistical significance vs the non-old age group(P

Objective To improve the mammographic diagnostic level of breast ductal diseases.Methods X-ray features,operationand pathologic findings in 166 cases of breast disease were retrospectively analyzed.Results The galactography of all 166 cases showed the manifestations including 78 cases of mammoductal ectasis with ductal dilatation,smooth wall;2 cases of ductal ectasis complicated by infection with ductal dilatation,inregular coarsening wall and interstitial extravasation of contrast medium;11 cases of mammoglandular cystic lobular hyperplasia with cyetic dilatation of terminal ducts in different sizes;49 cases of intraductal papilloma with sound as ovoid fillingdefects showing as interrupted smooth bordered,"cupping" in 26 cases of intraductal papillary carcinoma or intraductal carcinoma with post dilatation ductal stenosis and sigid "amputation" absuption together with sound cauliflower or inregular filling defects.In this series of 166 cases,75 cases vice prover to be tumor(45.1%) with malignancy in 26 cases(15.7%).Conclusion Galactography is an important method for diagnosis and differential diagrosis of mammoglandular disease with nipple discharge.

Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) refers to the stroke patients suffering from infectious lung parenchyma (including the alveolar wall,i.e.the general pulmonary interstitial) inflammation without previous pulmonary infection.It is one of the most common major complications resulting in death and affecting functional recovery in patients with stroke.Dysphagia resulting in aspiration is the main reason of SAP.Therefore,avoiding aspiration and preventing SAP have important significance for patients with stroke through early correct tube feeding.This article reviews the tube feeding methods of preventing SAP.

Objective To investigate the effects of cinobufacini on TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of human colorectal carcinoma cells in vitro.Methods The cultured colorectal carcinoma cell line(SW480) was divided into the control group,TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) individual treatment group and co-treatment groups with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) + cinobufacini (2.5,5,10,20,40,80 mg/mL),which were cultured in vitro for 48 h.The proliferation of the cells were measured by CCK8 assay.The morphological changes were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope.The ability of cell invasion and migration was detected by Transwell assay.The mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin and Vimentin were detected with QRT-PCR and Western Blot.Results (1)Compared with the TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) individual treatment group,TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) + cinobufacini (10,20,40,80 mg/mL) co-treatment groups significantly had significantly proliferation inhibitory effect on SW480 (P＜0.05).(2) Compared with the normal control group,TGF-β1 individual treatment group and TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) + cinobufacini(2.5 mg/mL) group exhibited classical mesenchymal phenotype,while the TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) + cinobufacini (5 mg/mL) co-treatment group showed classical epithelial phenotype.(3) The ability of invasion and migration in the TGF-β1(10 ng/mL)+ cinobufacini(2.5,5 mg/mL) co-treatment group were significantly weakened compared with the TGF-β1 individual treatment group (P＜0.01).(4) QRT-PCR and Western Blot results indicated that compared with the normal control group,the Vimentin expression in the in the TGF-β1 individual treatment group was significantly increased and the E-cadherin expression was significantly decreased.Furthermore,compared with the TGF-β1 individual treatment group and control group,the Vimentin expression level in the TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) + cinobufacini (2.5,5 mg/mL) groups was significantly decreased and E-cadherin expression was significantly increased.Conclusion Cinobufacini can inhibit TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation in human colorectal carcinoma SW480 cells,and its mechanism may be related with promoting E-cadherin expression increase,meanwhile decreasing the vimentin expression,thus inhibiting the EMT process induced by TGF-β1.

Objective:To search for common epitopes of(H5N1) from different areas in the world in order to develope epitope-bacterin by the way of immunoinformatics.Methods:Firstly,homologous degree of the amino acid sequence of VIA from different areas was compared on the basis of the database in Genebank with soft-ware ClustalW1.83.The common epitopes which were able to bind strongly to MHCⅠ molecule were selected.Results:Though homologous degree of amino acid sequence of VIA from different areas was not completely similar,there were some common epitopes among these strains analyzed.The common epitopes were shown to bind strongly with MHCⅠ molecule.Conclusion:These common epitopes may be used to develope epitope-bacterin for preventing infection of AIV(H5N1).

PC84045 human lung carcinoma cells (PC84045 HLCCs) were mixed with the BM cells activated by anti-CD3 McAb and IL-2 and then CD3-ALTO4 bi-specific McAbs was put into the cell suspension. The mixed cells were cultured for 3 days in presence of IL-2 and IL-3. Tumor cell colony formation method in half-solid culture system was used to assess the purging efficiency (PE) of the activated T cells to PC84045 HLCCs. The ratio of T cells to PC84045 HLCCs was 8 to 1, the PE was 4 Logs. The rario of T cells to PC84045 HLCCs was 16 tol, the PE was 5 Logs. When the purged BM cells were injected into the NC nude mice, none of subcutaneous node was found. The number of the CFU-GM, BFU-E of the purged BM cells was more than 85 % compared with that of the fresh BM cells (P

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic approaches and treatment choices for priapism,and to upgrade the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy. Methods Thirteen patients with priapism were evaluated by physical examinations,cavernous blood gas analysis,color duplex ultrasonography and cavernosography.Among them 9 cases of priapism resulted from intracavernosal injection of vaso-active agents,1 from perineal trauma and 3 from unknown cause.All the 13 patients were treated with intracavernosal injection of aramine and cavernosal decompression. Results Among these cases of priapism,12 were of low-flow and 1 was of high-flow.After the treatment,all the patients with priapism achieved remission.During the follow-up of 3 to 43 months,4 cases experienced decreased erection;9 had no significant change of erection.No cavernous fibrosis of penis occurred in them. Conclusions Cavernous blood gas analysis and color duplex ultrasonography are helpful with the accurate and timely dignosis of priapism.Cavernosal decompression and intracavernosal injection of arimine can be applied to most of the patients,and in the course of the treatment systemic adverse events should be avoided.