0.05. CONCLUSION:Kaixin Powder could enhance VD rats' memory; while Tacrine could enhance VD rats' learning; Kaixin Powder could enhance VD rats' learning and memory as well as Tacrine. Tacrine could down-regulate AChE mRNA expression in hippocampus of VD rats,further studies are needed to elucidate the effects of Kaixin Powder on memory performance in VD rats.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of transurethral pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via outer sheath of ureterorenoscope for bladder calculi. Methods From March 2003 to May 2007, 32 patients with bladder calculi were treated by transurethral pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via outer sheath of ureterorenoscope. Results The operation was completed in all the patients without conversion to open surgery. Transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) was carried out on 22 patients who were complicated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Four patients received cystotrachelotomy because of bladder-neck contracture, and 4 underwent dilation of the urethra owning to urethral stenosis. Simple pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy was performed on two patients. The operation time was 25 to 90 minutes with a mean of (45?25) minutes. No patient had residual stones or perforation of bladder. One patient developed urethral stenosis after the operation. Conclusions Transurethral pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via outer sheath of ureterorenoscope is a safe, less traumatic treatment for patients with bladder calculi with few complications. The method is especially suitable for patients with BPH.

Objective To search for the anticancer active substance from Caesalpinia sappan wood extractions. Methods Crude extracts were extracted from Caesalpinia sappan wood with different solvents.Liquid chromatography was applied to analyze the content of each essential component in the extraction fractions. Trypan blue exclusion test was performed to detect the growth suppression rate of human bladder carcinoma cell line T24 treated by the extraction fractions at different time course (20,40,60,80,100 min).The main component positively correlated with the cell suppression rate was separated out using repeated chromatography, thus the anticancer active monomer was obtained, with purity over 98 ％. The chemical constitution was determined using NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), mass spectrum and infrared spectrum methods. T24 cell line, human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3, mice sarcoma S180 and hepatic carcinoma H22 cell were chosen as target subjects, with mitomycin, hydroxycamptothecin as positive control drug, the inhibitory activity of the monomer was tested by trypan blue chromophobia method. Results Among the extraction fractions, R12 has a positive correlation with the cell suppression rate (r100 min=0.941, P＜0.001).Brazilin is the key component in R12.The inhibition rate of brazilin could reach 90.89 ％,98.65 ％,99.82 ％ and 100.00 ％ on T24,SKOV3,S180 and H22 respectively in 40 min at the concentration of 1.2 mg/ml,and its effect is much superior to that of the control drug mitomycin and hydroxycamptothecin. Conclusion Brazilin is one of the essential anticancer principles in Caesalpinia sappan wood.

Objective To investigate the current work situation of senior clinical nurses to provide some advices for the nursing management .Methods The self-made questionnaires were adopted to investigate the work situation of 60 senior nurses for conduc-ting the descriptive analysis .Results The senior nurses′ satisfaction degrees to the professional self -identity ,the chief nurse′s scheduling ,the current work environment ,the approval by hospital and the emphasis degree by the department were not high .They thought that the suitable position for them was the office nurse and the second was the responsibility group leader .Whereas ,the un-dertaking key post at present was the responsibility group leader and the second was the office nurse .Conclusion Due to the partic-ularity of nursing work and the physiological and psychological change ,the senior nurses are unsuitable to the busy front -line work ;the senior clinical nurses have the rich clinical experience ,the stronger communicational and organizational coordination abili-ty ,and are more suitable for the posts of the office nurse and health education nurse ,and second is the post of responsibility group leader .

Objective To investigate effects of driving fatigue on auditory involuntary attention.Method Between-groups design was used.The control group included 13 taxi drivers after adequate rest while the fatigue group included 13 taxi drivers who had been driving for 10 h.Auditory oddball pattern was adopted.The standard stimulus was 800 Hz,probability 80%;target stimulus was 1 000 Hz,probability 10%;novel stimulus was sound generated by computer or other sound,probability 10%.Subjects were asked to press the mouse upon hearing the target sound.Result The distribution of P3a was mainly around the frontal-central area of the subjects in control group;the amplitude of P3a was evidently lowered in subjects after driving fatigue.Conclusion The ability of auditory involuntary attention declines after driving fatigue.

Objective To compare and analyze the detection situation of common pathogens in child respiratory tract infection in our hospital and to provide the basis for clinical accurate diagnosis and reasonable treatment .Methods A total of 6 032 specimens were collected from the children patients with acute respiratory tract infection in the Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from January to December 2015 .The immunodot test technology was adopted to detect the 6 kinds of early specific serum antibody IgM of common respiratory pathogens :adenovirus (ADV ) ,influenza virus (IV ) ,parainfluenza (PIV ) ,respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ,mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and chlamydia pneumonia (CP) .The differences in children infection pat‐terns ,different ages ,seasons and genders were analyzed .Results Among 6 032 specimens ,2 279 cases were positive with the posi‐tive rate of 37 .8% .The positive rates of 6 kinds of respiratory pathogens were in turn 12 .2% for ADV ,9 .6% for IV ,7 .9% for CP ,4 .6% for MP ,3 .0% for RSV and 0 .3% for PIV .The detection rate of respiratory tract pathogens was higher in spring and summer ;age groups of 1-3 years old and 4-6 years old had higher positive detection rate .Conclusion The main common patho‐gen of respiratory tract infection in this hospital is ADV ,followed by IV .Their infection has obvious seasonality .The mycoplasma and chlamydia also are the common pathogens of respiratory tract infection ,which are dominated by MP and CP .

Objective To analyze the effect of the rhinoplasty on body image in the patients receiving cosmetic surgery,to investigate the change of postoperative body image disturbance(BDD)and to analyze the influencing factors of preoperative BDD in order to provide a basis for the psychological health management and reference for the diagnosis and treatment of plastic surgery.Methods A prospective study was performed on 84 patients with rhinoplasty admitted to the Affiliated Friendship Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to March 2016.The general data were investigated.The Plastic Psychological State Self-rating Scale was adopted to evaluate the patient′s body image situation,which was reexamined at postoperative 1-3 months.Results The preoperative non-BDD accounted for 60.71％,the occurrence rate of BDD was 19.05％,the other mental disorders,mental diseases or nervous system disease which had no relation with the BDD accounted for 20.24％;the occurrence rate of postoperative BDD was significantly lower than that of preoperative BDD(P＜0.05),moreover the patients with non-BDD had no postoperative BDD occurrence.The scores of question 1-10 before operation in the BDD group were higher than those in the non-BDD group,the scores of question 1-4 after operation in the non-BDD group were decreased,the scores of question 1-4,6-10 in the BDD group were decreased,while the scores of question 1,7,9-10 in the BDD group were higher than those in the non-BDD group(P＜0.05).The proportion of preoperative rhinoplasty and plastic surgery in the BDD group was higher than that in the non-BDD group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The occurrence rate of BDD in the patients with rhinoplasty is higher,operation is conducive to lessen the BDD,moreover operation itself will not result in new BDD.

Objective To research the clinical application effect of thrombela-stogram(TEG) for anticoagulant therapy to prevent deep venous thrombosis(DVT) in perioperative period of Orthopedics Department.Methods Sixty-eight cases of fracture patients treated with surgery in the Orthopedicsin Department of Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing were selected as the research subjects,and 42 healthy volunteers for a physical examination at the same period were selected as the control group.All fracture patients were treated with anticoagulant therapy after surgery,according to the different anticoagulants,the fracture patients were divided into the low molecular weight heparin(LWMH) group and the rivaroxaban group.On the day of the investigation,the control group was detected by TEG,and the TEG test was performed on all the patients during the perioperative period.Results There was no significant difference on the TEG test results between fracture patients and the control group(P>0.05),the TEG test results of fracture patients were normal,and the blood was not in the high coagulation state.On the 7th d of anticoagulant therapy and the end of anticoagulant therapy,the R value in the LWMH group and in the rivaroxaban group were the highest positive rate,were all more than 50%.At the end of the anticoagulant therapy,the abnormal detection rate of α angle,maximum thrombus(MA) and integrated coagulation index(CI) in the rivaroxaban group were 35.29%,32.35%,41.76%,respectively,were significantly higher than those in the LWMH group(8.82%,17.65%,11.76%),the differences were statistically significant(χ2=6.9283,5.7566,7.5556,P<0.05).After the end of the anticoagulant therapy for Doppler ultrasound,9 cases were diagnosed as DVT,and the incidence rate was 14.06%.Compared and founded,at the end of the anti coagulation therapy,the great value of the diagnostic indicators were α angle,MA and CI,the sensitivity was 64.71%,76.47%,73.53% respectively,and the specificity was 79.41%,73.53%,82.35% respectively.Conclusion After fracture surgery,the coagulation function of the patients are changed,using TEG dynamic detection can accurately understand the change of blood state in real time,and it has important reference value for the evaluation of blood coagulation function.With MA was equal to 68.35 mm as a clinical diagnosis of critical point.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of autologous fat transplantation in augmentation mammoplasty with two different methods of purification treatment .Methods Selected 86 patients undergoing autologous fat granule replant mammaplasty .They were randomly and equally divided into the centrifuge group and the static group .After extracting the body fat in the centrifuge group ,obtained the high purity granular fat by using the Centrifugal technique;After the extraction of autologous fat in the static group ,obtain the purified particle fat by using the natural static suspension and physiological saline washed the im‐purities .Respectively ,the processed fat was injected the breast of two groups with multi tunnels and multi layers .After 6 months compared the clinical efficacy of two groups by evaluating the survival rate of autologous fat in augmentation mammoplasty and pre‐operative and postoperative breast volume ,the change of breast shape and patient satisfaction .Results Two groups of patients were successfully completed surgery ,and postoperative wound healed well .After 6 months ,in the centrifuge group and the static group the survival rate of autologous fat was 74 .42 ± 6 .35 and 65 .12 ± 5 .83 (P<0 .05) ,the satisfaction rate was 88 .37% and 76 .74%(P<0 .05) ,respectively .Conclusion The augmentation mammoplasty by injecting autologous fat granules in will not produce im‐mune rejection and surgical scar ,the breast shape is good and can be repeated without satisfactory ,until the desired effect is a‐chieved .The Centrifugal autologous fat can increase the survival rate of fat and patients′satisfaction ,which is suitable for clinical application .

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of rotating reduction manipulation with that of trinity orthopedic-spinal manipulation combined with injection of Shenmai Injection(SI) through intervertebral foramen for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH).Methods Ninety LDH patients were equally divided into 3 groups: group A received trinity orthopedic-spinal manipulation,group B received trinity orthopedic-spinal manipulation combined with injection of SI through intervertebral foramen,and group C received rotating reduction manipulation.Score of lower back pain,and scores of symptoms,signs and activities of daily life evaluated by the modified scale issued by Japanese Orthopaedics Association were examined for the comparison of therapeutic effect in the three groups.Results The score of lower back pain in the three groups after treatment differed from that before treatment(P