70 patients with gastric carcinoma were studied by EUS prior to surgery. The results were correlated with the histology of resected specimens according to the new TNM classification. EUS was accurate in assessing the depth of tumor infiltration, the overall accuracy of EUS was 74.3%. The cancerous ulcer and obstruction are the main causes of over- and understaging, respectively. EUS was relatively accurate in the assessment of lymph node metastasis, the overall accuracy was 57.1%. However, negative-predictive rate is lower, about 42.9%. It is difficult to distinguish between inflammatory and metastatic lymph nodes. EUS was not reliable in diagnosing distant metastasis, due to its limited depth of penetration. In our experience, in staging the gastric carcinoma, greater accuracy would be achieved if we use EUS for T and N factors, and CT for M factor.

4 and the area under the curve of intragastric pH was increased to 7.18?1.06, (93.41?8.43)% and 6.20?10 5?0.90?10 5, respectively ( P

Objective To investigate the changes of 24 hour gastric motility and myoelectric activity in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) and to compare the differences of these changes among the different clinical types of FD. Methods 24 hour gastric and duodenal manometry combined with 24 hour electro gastrography was carried out in 31 patietns with FD and 20 normal controls. Results Compared with normal controls, patients with FD had less frequency and longer duration of migrating motor complex (MMC), and phase Ⅰ plus phase Ⅱ duration were also greatly increased ( P

5 were increased to 4.30 ?1.61 ,(59.21?21.37)%, (48.13? 23.24 )%, and (36.85?22.62)% respectively. The values were much higher than that of those before and after the medication of omeprazole 10 mg for one dose only ( P

AIM:To investigate the transcriptional regulating function of the catalytic subunit(GCLC)gene of ?-glutamylcysteine synthase(?-GCS),the rate-limiting enzyme of glutathione(GSH)synthetic enzymes.METHODS:The regulating region of the human GCLC gene was cloned by PCR method to construct the wild type plasmid,which expressed luciferase reporting gene.Many mutated plasmids expressing luciferase reporting gene were also constructed by the method of exonuclease Ⅲ with S1 nuclease.The transcription regulation of GCLC gene was investigated by transient transfection of the wild type and the mutated plasmids through the observation of relative activities of luciferase.RESULTS:We found that the-2 515～-2 236 bp,-864～-838 bp,-769～-538 bp,-421～-341 bp regions upside from the transcriptional start site up-regulated the gene transcription are the new positive transcription-regulating regions and the-810～-769 bp(especial the-782～-769 bp)region is the negative transcription-regulating region,which is more precise than ever.CONCLUSION:The results of this experiment provide one good foundation to study the transcription management of the GCLC gene and GSH synthesis.

Objective To investigate the value of endoscopic ultrasonography ( EUS) in diagnosing pancreatic pseudocyst. Methods EUS was performed in 35 cases with pancreatic pseudocyst. Results Of the series, 41 cysts found in the head, body, tail and both body and tail of the pancreas were 13 , 3 , 19 and 6 respectively. The cystic wall was smooth in 29 cysts and rough in 6; good signal in cystic fluid 19, floccu-lar echo 16, cystic septum 1 and calcification of cyst wall 1, associated ductus pancreaticus expansion in 7, pancreas parenchyma uneven echo in 21, pancreas parenchyma calcification in 4, pancreas atrophy in 2, pancreas carcinoma in 2 , and normal pancreas in 6, protuberances impression on gastrointestinal tract 5 ( duodenal descending part obstruction, n = 1 ) stomach varicose vein in fundus 4 and digestive tract hemorrhage 2. Conclusion EUS may clearly show cyst's size, position, configuration and relation with the pancreas, also EUS guided FNA can be performed, so it has significance in diagnosing and distinguishing pancreatic pseudocyst.

Objective To investigate the effect of compound azintamide enteric-coated tablet on abdominal fullness in patients with functional dyspepsia, chronic cholecystitis with gallbladder stones, or liver cirrhosis. Methods Twenty patients with functional dyspepsia, 20 with chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder stones, and 20 with liver cirrhosis were enrolled in the study. Compound azintamide enteric-coated tablets were given 2 tablets 3 times daily for 4 weeks. The changes of symptom scores of abdominal fullness were investigated after the treatment. Water loading tests were carried out in patients with functional dyspepsia and chronic cholecystitis with gallbladder stones before and after the medication. Results Compound azintamide enteric-coated tablets greatly improved the symptom of abdominal fullness in each group of patients. Symptom scores were significantly decreased in 2 and 4 weeks (P

Objective To explore the possible role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Me-thods After the IgAN model was successfully induced at 12 weeks, the BALB/C mice were randomly divided into IgAN group (n=15) and IgAN+VitD group (n=15). The nephrosis mice were administrated with 100 μl/d propylene glycol or propyl-ene glycol+1,25(OH)2D, 3 ng/(100g?d), for 6 weeks. The control group was setted (n=15). The level of 24 hour urine protein was determined at week 0, 12 and 18. At week 18, the levels of serum 25(OH)D, ifbroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and galactose-deifcient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) were detected. The mRNA and protein expressions of interleukin-21 (IL-21) in Peyer’s patches (PPs) were detected by lfuorescent quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot respectively. The protein expression of Bcl-6 was detected by western blot. The percentages of Tfh cells/T lymphocytes, B220+IgM+/B lympho-cytes, B220+IgA+/B lymphocytes, B220-IgA+/B lymphocytes in PPs were determined by lfow cytometry. Results Compared with control group, the levels of 24 hour urine protein, FGF23 and Gd-IgA1 were increased, serum 25(OH)D was decreased, the mRNA and protein expressions of IL-21 and the protein level of Bcl-6 were increased, the percentages of Tfh cells/T lym-phocytes, B220+IgM+/B lymphocytes, B220+IgA+/B lymphocytes, B220-IgA+/B lymphocytes were elevated in IgAN group (P<0.05). These indicators were improved in IgAN+VitD group. Compared with the IgAN group, the differences were statisti-cally signiifcant (P<0.05), however compared with control group, some indicators showed no signiifcant differences (P>0.05). Conclusions 1,25(OH)2D may protect the microenvironment of PPs in IgAN through inhibiting the differentiation of Tfh cells and B cells and the generation of Gd-IgA1.

Objective:To investigate the baseline levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D [25-(OH) D] in 3340 hospitalized children, analyze the 25-( OH) D levels in children with different diseases, age and gender in different seasons, and study the correlation between the 25-( OH) D levels and the clinical indicators. Methods:Totally 3340 hospitalized children were randomly selected, the 25-( OH) D levels were detected by an ELISA method, and Pearson correlation analysis of 25-( OH) D levels and clinical indicators such as liver function, myocardial enzymes, immunoglobulins, lymphocyte subtypes and thyroid function was performed. Results: The serum 25-(OH) D level in 3340 cases (1850 male, 1490 female) was (33. 00 ± 13. 42) ng·m1 -1, and that in those with neonatal diseases was the lowest followed by those with primary nephrotic syndrome, Henoch-schordeinpurpura and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The ser-um 25-( OH) D levels in the premature was higher than that in full term infant. Except the newborn, the level of serum 25-( OH) D gradually reduced along with the age increase, while the percentage of insufficiency gradually increased. The serum 25-( OH) D level between the male and the female had no significant difference. The 25-( OH) D levels of hospitalized children were the highest in sum-mer. The serum level of 25-( OH) D was positively correlated with body mass index ( BMI) , alanine transaminase ( ALT) , aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), creatine-phosphokinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), free T4 (FT4) and free T3 (FT3), and negative correlation with alkaline phosphatase(ALP), immunoglobulin E (IgE) and immunoglobulin M (IgM). Conclusion:The incidence of vitamin D insufficiency is high in hospitalized children. The level of vitamin D is different among various diseases. The level of serum 25-( OH) D may have certain relevance with BMI, allergies, myocardial damage and thyroid function.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of Vitamin D (VitD) on diabetic rats,and whether the protective mechanism is associated with the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and insulin resistance (IR).Methods Diabetic Wistar rats were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin,and randomly divided into diabetic group,VitD treatment group (treatment group).Normal rats were served as normal control group.Treatment group was treated with VitD for 8 weeks.The levels of 24 h urinary protein (24 h UP),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),plasma insulin (p-Ins),plasma adiponectin (p-Adi),plasma glucagon (p-Gln) were measured.Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1),interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determinated in renal cortical homogenate.The activity of NF-κB was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay.The mRNA expressions of glucose transporter protein 1 (GLUT1) and GLUT4 in renal cortex were detected by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR.Western blot analysis was performed to measure the phosphorylation of NF-κB and its inhibitor I kappa Balpha (IκBα),insulin receptor substrate protein 1 (IRS1),phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K),p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK).Results Compared with the normal control group,24 h UP,FPG,p-Ins,p-Gln were significantly increased,and inflammatory markers and the expression of GLUT1 elevated in renal cortex in DM group,there were significant differences(all P ＜0.01).The activity of NF-κB (P ＜0.01) and the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and p38MAPK were elevated (all P ＜ 0.01),and phosphorylation of IκBα,IRS1,PI3K were decreased (all P ＜ 0.05,0.01) in diabetic group compared with those of normal control group.VitD treatment could ameliorate urine protein,increase p-Adi,reduce inflammatory markers and NF-κB activity (P ＜ 0.01),maintain GLUT1 expression,but had no effect on GLUT4 expression in renal cortical,attenuate NF-κB p65,p38MAPK phosphorylation (all P ＜ 0.05),partly restore IκBα,IRS1,PI3 K phosphorylation in diabetic rats (all P ＜ 0.05,0.01).Conclusions Protective role of VitD is associated with inhibiting the expression of NF-κB and reducing the insulin resistance in diabetes.