70 patients with gastric carcinoma were studied by EUS prior to surgery. The results were correlated with the histology of resected specimens according to the new TNM classification. EUS was accurate in assessing the depth of tumor infiltration, the overall accuracy of EUS was 74.3%. The cancerous ulcer and obstruction are the main causes of over- and understaging, respectively. EUS was relatively accurate in the assessment of lymph node metastasis, the overall accuracy was 57.1%. However, negative-predictive rate is lower, about 42.9%. It is difficult to distinguish between inflammatory and metastatic lymph nodes. EUS was not reliable in diagnosing distant metastasis, due to its limited depth of penetration. In our experience, in staging the gastric carcinoma, greater accuracy would be achieved if we use EUS for T and N factors, and CT for M factor.

4 and the area under the curve of intragastric pH was increased to 7.18?1.06, (93.41?8.43)% and 6.20?10 5?0.90?10 5, respectively ( P

Objective To investigate the changes of 24 hour gastric motility and myoelectric activity in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) and to compare the differences of these changes among the different clinical types of FD. Methods 24 hour gastric and duodenal manometry combined with 24 hour electro gastrography was carried out in 31 patietns with FD and 20 normal controls. Results Compared with normal controls, patients with FD had less frequency and longer duration of migrating motor complex (MMC), and phase Ⅰ plus phase Ⅱ duration were also greatly increased ( P

Objective To investigate the effect of compound azintamide enteric-coated tablet on abdominal fullness in patients with functional dyspepsia, chronic cholecystitis with gallbladder stones, or liver cirrhosis. Methods Twenty patients with functional dyspepsia, 20 with chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder stones, and 20 with liver cirrhosis were enrolled in the study. Compound azintamide enteric-coated tablets were given 2 tablets 3 times daily for 4 weeks. The changes of symptom scores of abdominal fullness were investigated after the treatment. Water loading tests were carried out in patients with functional dyspepsia and chronic cholecystitis with gallbladder stones before and after the medication. Results Compound azintamide enteric-coated tablets greatly improved the symptom of abdominal fullness in each group of patients. Symptom scores were significantly decreased in 2 and 4 weeks (P

Objective To investigate the value of endoscopic ultrasonography ( EUS) in diagnosing pancreatic pseudocyst. Methods EUS was performed in 35 cases with pancreatic pseudocyst. Results Of the series, 41 cysts found in the head, body, tail and both body and tail of the pancreas were 13 , 3 , 19 and 6 respectively. The cystic wall was smooth in 29 cysts and rough in 6; good signal in cystic fluid 19, floccu-lar echo 16, cystic septum 1 and calcification of cyst wall 1, associated ductus pancreaticus expansion in 7, pancreas parenchyma uneven echo in 21, pancreas parenchyma calcification in 4, pancreas atrophy in 2, pancreas carcinoma in 2 , and normal pancreas in 6, protuberances impression on gastrointestinal tract 5 ( duodenal descending part obstruction, n = 1 ) stomach varicose vein in fundus 4 and digestive tract hemorrhage 2. Conclusion EUS may clearly show cyst's size, position, configuration and relation with the pancreas, also EUS guided FNA can be performed, so it has significance in diagnosing and distinguishing pancreatic pseudocyst.

AIM:To investigate the transcriptional regulating function of the catalytic subunit(GCLC)gene of ?-glutamylcysteine synthase(?-GCS),the rate-limiting enzyme of glutathione(GSH)synthetic enzymes.METHODS:The regulating region of the human GCLC gene was cloned by PCR method to construct the wild type plasmid,which expressed luciferase reporting gene.Many mutated plasmids expressing luciferase reporting gene were also constructed by the method of exonuclease Ⅲ with S1 nuclease.The transcription regulation of GCLC gene was investigated by transient transfection of the wild type and the mutated plasmids through the observation of relative activities of luciferase.RESULTS:We found that the-2 515～-2 236 bp,-864～-838 bp,-769～-538 bp,-421～-341 bp regions upside from the transcriptional start site up-regulated the gene transcription are the new positive transcription-regulating regions and the-810～-769 bp(especial the-782～-769 bp)region is the negative transcription-regulating region,which is more precise than ever.CONCLUSION:The results of this experiment provide one good foundation to study the transcription management of the GCLC gene and GSH synthesis.

5 were increased to 4.30 ?1.61 ,(59.21?21.37)%, (48.13? 23.24 )%, and (36.85?22.62)% respectively. The values were much higher than that of those before and after the medication of omeprazole 10 mg for one dose only ( P

Objective To evaluate the significance of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis of linitis plastica.Methods Twenty one cases of linitis plastica were examined by EUS; the results were compared with those of conventional gastroscopy with biopsies, gastrointestinal X ray, CT, and the postoperative pathological findings.Results The ultrasonography of lanitis plastica manifested as 1. The second, third and fourth layers of stomach wall thickened at the lesion site, and disappearance of the layered structure of the invaded stomach wall, the thickened stomach wall have the thickness of (1 68?0 37) cm in average; 2. 95 24% of the lesion shows hypo echoic patterns; 3. The confines of lesion in EUS are beyond those of the conventional endoscopies. 4. 85 7% of the lesion tends to grow along the transverse axis of stomach in continuous distribution; 5.The border of lesion is readily distinguished, but in enlarged picture blurred boundary is the evidence of infiltrative growth of the lesion. The coincidence rate of ESU in diagnosing linitis plastica is 90 48%, that is evidently higher than that of conventional endoscopy 52 38% ( P =0 0095), gastrointestinal X ray 61 11% ( P =0 0396) and CT 35 29% ( P =0 0059). Compared with the postoperative pathological diagnosis, the diagnostic accuracy of T, N staging by ESU are 80 95% and 85 71% respectively. The accuracy of predicting resectability by ESU was 71 43% (15/21).Conclusion ESU has the superiority of raising the diagnostic accuracy and is helpful in predicting the border of lesion and the resectability.

Objectives:To investigate the significance of diagnosis and treatment guided by EUS in locating lesion of pancreas. Methods: Transgastric aspiration biopsy and placeing plastic stent were done by endoscopic ultrasonography, Olympus GF UM30P with 18G needle. Results: The successful rate of puncture and accuracy of diagnosis are both 100%.The diameters of all of the pancreatic cysts were less than 50% of that after the operation,two pancreatic cysts disappeared.Transgastiric placeing plastic stent was done in one patient,and its cyst was less than 50% after 1 week. Five pancreatic cysts were less than 50% after three six.There is no early and delay complications. Conclusions: Diagnosis and treatment guided by EUS in location lesion of pancreas is useful.

Objective To explore the possible role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Me-thods After the IgAN model was successfully induced at 12 weeks, the BALB/C mice were randomly divided into IgAN group (n=15) and IgAN+VitD group (n=15). The nephrosis mice were administrated with 100 μl/d propylene glycol or propyl-ene glycol+1,25(OH)2D, 3 ng/(100g?d), for 6 weeks. The control group was setted (n=15). The level of 24 hour urine protein was determined at week 0, 12 and 18. At week 18, the levels of serum 25(OH)D, ifbroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and galactose-deifcient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) were detected. The mRNA and protein expressions of interleukin-21 (IL-21) in Peyer’s patches (PPs) were detected by lfuorescent quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot respectively. The protein expression of Bcl-6 was detected by western blot. The percentages of Tfh cells/T lymphocytes, B220+IgM+/B lympho-cytes, B220+IgA+/B lymphocytes, B220-IgA+/B lymphocytes in PPs were determined by lfow cytometry. Results Compared with control group, the levels of 24 hour urine protein, FGF23 and Gd-IgA1 were increased, serum 25(OH)D was decreased, the mRNA and protein expressions of IL-21 and the protein level of Bcl-6 were increased, the percentages of Tfh cells/T lym-phocytes, B220+IgM+/B lymphocytes, B220+IgA+/B lymphocytes, B220-IgA+/B lymphocytes were elevated in IgAN group (P<0.05). These indicators were improved in IgAN+VitD group. Compared with the IgAN group, the differences were statisti-cally signiifcant (P<0.05), however compared with control group, some indicators showed no signiifcant differences (P>0.05). Conclusions 1,25(OH)2D may protect the microenvironment of PPs in IgAN through inhibiting the differentiation of Tfh cells and B cells and the generation of Gd-IgA1.