T1 glottic carcinoma is part of early laryngeal carcinoma which involves the vocal cords, including anterior commissure or posterior commissure. We analyzed the treatment options of T1 glottic carcinoma by reviewing the related literatures about T1 glottic carcinoma treated by conservative surgery (open surgery and laser microsurgery), radiotherapy, robot surgery, photodynamic treatment.
Glottis ; pathology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy ; Laser Therapy ; Microsurgery ; Vocal Cords

Experiment teaching is an important component of teaching in medical college and university, a key step to foster students practical ability and innovation ability and a guarantee to achieve the goal of medical talent training. The quality and level of experiment teaching is directly related to the college talent training quality and the college overall development. According to the requirement of quality engineering, our college strengthens the connotation construction from the aspects of experiment teaching management, teaching staff training and quality monitoring and improves experiment teaching quality.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of septonasal bidirectional mucoperiosteal flap in the treatment of refractory choanal atresia in adults. METHOD: Analysis of 9 cases for choanal atresia was conducted. Two cases were of congenital origin and 7 cases of acquired origin, which was a complication of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The patients received transnasal endoscopic surgery using the septonasal bidirectional mucoperiosteal flap, without positioning the postoperative expansion tube. After the operation, the changes of symptoms were observed and the recurrent rate of restenosis or atresia was investigated in the follow-up time. RESULT: The symptoms of nasal obstruction and mouth breathing improved significantly in the 9 patients. At an average follow-up time of 19.3 months, the new forming posterior nare remained patent. The mucoperiosteal flap had no shift or necrosis. No restenosis or atresia happened. Nasal adhesion occurred in two patients. Granulation tissue hyperplasia was found in 1 patient, who underwent endoscopic revision without recurrence. CONCLUSION The application of mucoperiosteal flap in transnasal endoscopic surgery for the choanal atresia can reduce the incidence of restenosis or atresia. Postoperative expansion tube is not mandatory.
Adult ; Carcinoma ; Choanal Atresia ; etiology ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction ; etiology ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Necrosis ; Postoperative Period ; Radiation Injuries ; complications ; Recurrence ; Surgical Flaps ; transplantation

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of high-definition intelligent endoscopy (iSCAN) combined with stroboscopy in identifying vocal cord leukoplakia.Methods:Seventy-nine patients with vocal cord leukoplakia who underwent CO 2 laser laryngeal microsurgery and diagnosed by histopathology were recruited between October 2020 to August 2021. The morphological features, microvascular morphology and mucosal waves were observed by stroboscope; SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results:There were 79 patients with a total of 119 lesions (56 on left and 63 on right).Pathological examination showed that 51 sides of the vocal cords were malignant lesions (severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma), and 68 sides were benign lesions.Under stroboscopy, 69 sides of mucosal wave were normal or slightly decreased, and 50 sides were severely decreased or disappeared.The decrease degree of mucosal wave was positively correlated with malignant lesions ( ρ=0.687, P<0.001).Under iSCAN endoscopy, there was a positive correlation between the morphological changes of microvessels at the lesion site (vertical) and the malignant lesion ( ρ=0.687, P<0.001).Univariate analysis showed that lesion size, thickness, uneven color, granular elevation, peripheral erythema and asymmetry were positively correlated with malignant lesions ( ρ=0.530, 0.401, 0.538, 0.315, 0.497, 0.281, P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of pathological malignancy with large lesions was 5.437 times higher than those of small lesions, the vertical vascular changes under iSCAN were 8.711 times higher than that of normal vascular morphology, and the severe reduction or disappearance of mucosal waves was 9.12 times higher than that of normal or mild reduction of mucosal waves. Conclusion:ISCAN can be combined with staphyloscopy to comprehensively observe and evaluate the changes of vocal cord morphology, submucosal microvessels and mucosal wave of vocal cord in patients with vocal cord leukoplosis, thus improving the ability to distinguish benign and malignant lesions.