This study examined the value of volume rendering (VR) interpretation in assessing the growth of pulmonary nodular ground-glass opacity (nGGO). A total of 47 nGGOs (average size, 9.5 mm; range, 5.7-20.6 mm) were observed by CT scanning at different time under identical parameter settings. The growth of nGGO was analyzed by three radiologists by comparing the thin slice (TS) CT images of initial and repeat scans with side-by-side cine mode. One week later synchronized VR images of the two scans were compared by side-by-side cine mode to evaluate the nGGO growth. The nodule growth was rated on a 5-degree scale: notable growth, slight growth, dubious growth, stagnant growth, shrinkage. Growth standard was defined as: Density increase ≥ 30 HU and (or) diameter increase (by 20% in nodules ≥10 mm, 30% in nodules of 5-9 mm). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was performed. The results showed that 32 nGGOs met the growth criteria (29 nGGOs showed an increase in density; 1 nGGO showed an increase in diameter; 2 nGGOs showed an increase in both diameter and density). Area under ROC curve revealed that the performance with VR interpretation was better than that with TS interpretation (P<0.01, P<0.05 and P<0.05 for observers A, B and C respectively). Consistency between different observers was excellent with both VR interpretation (κ=0.89 for observers A&C, A&B, B&C) and TS interpretation (κ=0.71 for A&B, κ=0.68 for A&C, κ= 0.74 for B&C), but time spending was less with VR interpretation than with TS interpretation (P<0.0001, P<0.0001 and P<0.05 for observers A, B and C, respectively). It was concluded that VR is a useful technique for evaluating the growth of nGGO.

Objective To observe the effects of early intravenous administration of Astragalus on brain inju-ry in neonates with severe asphyxia. Methods According to hospital serial number, 80 neonates with severe as-phyxia were divided into conventional treatment group (control group) (n=40), which was on the basis of symp-tomatic support treatment for the use of cerebrolysin and citicoline treatment; Astragalus injection treatment group (n=40), which, apart from the conventional treatment, Astragalus injection was given as soon as possible (within six hours after birth). The incidence of convulsions or frequent seizures convulsions and the mortality in two groups, the clinical degree of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and the behavior nerve score determination were ob-served and compared. Results The incidence of convulsions or frequent seizures convulsions was significantly lower in the Astragalus treatment group than in the control group (45.00% vs 67.50%, χ24.501,P<0.05). The per-centage of the behavior nerve score determination in 7 d-8d and 12 d-14d after birth was obviously lower in the for-mer group than the latter one (48.57% vs 74.19%, χ2 4.642,P<0.05; 31.42% vs 58.06%, χ24.601, P<0.05). The mortality was not significant different between the two groups (12.50 % vs 22.50%, χ22.000, P>0.05). Conclusion For severe asphyxia neonates, on the basis of the symptomatic support treatment, the use of Astragalus injection, as soon as possible, can significantly reduce the hypoxic ischemic brain injury.

a mygdalin ex isting the pro blem of exce ssive sulfurd ioxide evenw ithout sulfur smoked thro ugh “distill-io dometry”. M ethods Hea dspace gas ch romatograph y-flame phot ometric metho d was compa red with dist ill-iodometry method to d etect the con tent of sulfur dioxide in Se men Armeni acae Amarae, and silver ni trate titration and iodometr ic titration w ere used to determine th e pure amygd alin and sam ple through conventional sulfur dioxid e determinati on device. R esults In th e process ofd etermination of sulfur dio xide residues in Chineseh erbal medicin e and decoc tion pieces c ontaining am ygdalin, som e iodine cons umption was caused bya mygdalin dec omposing. C onclusion Co nventional i odometric m ethod and so dium hydrox ide titrationm ethod cann o longer be used for dete ction of sulf ur dioxide r esidue amoun t of Chinese herbal medici ne and decoc tion pieces co ntaining amy gdalin. Objective To explore th e causes ofs ome Chinese herbal medi cine and deco ction pieces containing.

Objective: To investigate the effect of moxibustion on telomerase activity and genes expression in tissues of senescent rats. Methods: Subacute aging rats model were established by injection with D-gal solution. Points Shenshu (BL 23) were treated with moxibustion in treatment group, contrasting with a model group and a normal group. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays(ELISA) was used for the level oftelomerase activity in liver tissues, and In Situ Hybridization(ISH) was used for the condition of expression of telomerase genes in liver tissues. Results: The level of telomerase activity in the aging model group was obviously lower than that in normal control group (P＜0.01), the level in moxibustion group was obviously higher than that in model group(P＜0.05). In comparison with normal rats, the positive-expressed areas and photodensity of telomerase genes in aging model group were all significantly lower (P＜0.01,P＜0.01), and the positive-expressed areas in moxibustion group was significantly higher than that in model group (P＜0.01). Conclusions: Moxibustion could regulate telomerase activity of senile rats, hence delaying aging.

This study examined the value of volume rendering (VR) interpretation in assessing the growth of pulmonary nodular ground-glass opacity (nGGO).A total of 47 nGGOs (average size,9.5mm; range,5.7-20.6 mm) were observed by CT scanning at different time under identical parameter settings.The growth of nGGO was analyzed by three radiologists by comparing the thin slice (TS) CT images of initial and repeat scans with side-by-side cine mode.One week later synchronized VR images of the two scans were compared by side-by-side cine mode to evaluate the nGGO growth.The nodule growth was rated on a 5-degree scale:notable growth,slight growth,dubious growth,stagnant growth,shrinkage.Growth standard was defined as:Density increase ≥ 30 HU and (or) diameter increase (by 20％ in nodules ≥10 mm,30％ in nodules of 5-9 mm).Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was performed.The results showed that 32 nGGOs met the growth criteria (29 nGGOs showed an increase in density; 1 nGGO showed an increase in diameter; 2 nGGOs showed an increase in both diameter and density).Area under ROC curve revealed that the performance with VR interpretation was better than that with TS interpretation (P＜0.01,P＜0.05 and P＜0.05 for observers A,B and C respectively).Consistency between different observers was excellent with both VR interpretation (κ=0.89 for observers A&C,A&B,B&C) and TS interpretation (κ=0.71 for A&B,κ=0.68 for A&C,κ=0.74 for B&C),but time spending was less with VR interpretation than with TS interpretation (P＜0.0001,P＜0.0001 and P＜0.05for observers A,B and C,respectively).It was concluded that VR is a useful technique for evaluating the growth of nGGO.

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of preparation of a mouse model of orthotopic colon cancer by injecting tumor cell suspension into mesenteric triangle of the cecum.

METHODSTwenty SPF 8-week old BALB/c mice (male:female = 1:1) were used in this study. The mouse caecum was exposed by laparostomy, and suspension of mouse colon adenocarcinoma CT26. WT cells was injected into the mesenteric triangle of cecum for preparation of a mouse model of orthotopic colon cancer.

RESULTSMouse orthotopic colon cancer was developed by injection of tumor cell suspension into mesenteric triangle of the cecum showing a successful rate of 100%, without intestinal obstruction, and the liver, spleen, diaphragm and mesenteric lymph nodes metastasis rates were high in all the 20 experimental mice.

CONCLUSIONSThe establishment of mouse models of orthotopic colon cancer by injection of tumor cell suspension into the mesenteric triangle is a simple, rapid, and easy to master procedure, causing less damage to the colon wall, safe and with less trauma to the mice. This method may provide an ideal mouse model of orthotopic colon cancer for the study of pathogenesis as well as liver metastasis mechanisms of colon cancer.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; secondary ; Animals ; Cecal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cecum ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; methods

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect and underlying mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) derived from different sources on follicular helper T cell (Tfh cell). Methods Umbilical cord-derived MSC (UC MSC), bone marrow-derived MSC (BM MSC) and fat-derived MSC (Fat MSC) were co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) for 48 h. A control group was established. Flow cytometry was adopted to calculate the proportion of Tfh cells among the lymphocytes in four groups. The content of interleukin (IL)-21 in the supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immune absorbent assay (ELISA) in four groups. BM MSC was co-cultured with PBMC, and supplemented with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor 1-methyl tryptophan (1-MT), IL-10 antibody, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G antibody in the 1-MT group, IL-10 inhibition group, HLA-G inhibition group and BM MSC group without addition of other substances. After 48 h culture, flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of Tfh cells among lymphocytes. Results Flow cytometry demonstrated that compared with the control group, the proportion of Tfh cells in the BM MSC group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the BM MSC group, the percentage of Tfh cells in the UC MSC and Fat MSC groups was significantly higher (both P<0.05). ELISA revealed that compared with the control group, the IL-21 content in the BM MSC group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the BM MSC group, the IL-21 contents were considerably higher in the UC MSC and Fat MSC groups (both P<0.05). The analysis of underlying mechanism revealed that the proportions of Tfh cells in the 1-MT, IL-10 inhibition and the HLA-G inhibition groups were (1.75±0.07)%, (1.31±0.09)% and (1.50±0.03)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than (1.03±0.43)% in the BM MSC group (all P<0.05). Conclusions BM MSC exerts the highest inhibitory effect upon the differentiation of Tfh cell and IL-21. The mechanism underlying suppressing the differentiation of Tfh cells differentiation is probably correlated to promoting the secretion of IDO.

Objective:To establish a clustered management plan for pulmonary care of massive burn casualties (hereinafter referred to as the clustered management plan for pulmonary care), and to explore its application effects.Methods:(1) A clustered care intervention group was established, including the medical and nursing staff from the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Infection Control at the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital (hereinafter referred to as our hospital). Four major links, including pulmonary care assessment, chest and lung physical therapy, artificial airway management, and specialized infection control were sorted out according to the key points and difficulties in pulmonary care for massive burn casualties. Evidence-based nursing methods were employed to retrieve articles related to the above-mentioned four links from PubMed, Chinese Journal Full- Text Database, VIP Database and Wanfang Data using terms of " mass burn, respiratory management and airway management" and terms of "成批烧伤,肺部护理,集束化管理" , and the clustered management plan for pulmonary care was established based on reading and discussion in combination with clinical practice and experience. (2) In this non-randomized controlled study, the clustered management plan for pulmonary care was applied to 73 massive burn patients (48 males and 25 females, aged 32 (25, 38) years) who were admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to December 2019 and met the inclusion criteria, and they were included into the clustered care group; 43 massive burn patients (25 males and 18 females, aged 35 (17, 45) years) who were admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to December 2015, received routine care and met the inclusion criteria were retrospectively included into routine care group. The pulmonary infection rate and mortality of patients in the two groups were recorded during the hospital stay. Data were statistically analyzed with chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and independent sample t test. Results:(1) The clustered management plan for pulmonary care included a total of 12 specific measures covering four aspects of pulmonary care. The contents in pulmonary care assessment clearly stated to include the previous medical history, history of injury, respiratory status, hoarseness, pulmonary auscultation, etc. Chest and lung physical therapy included how to guide patients to effectively cough and do pursed lip breathing and abdominal breathing exercise, etc. Artificial airway management specified the preparation for the establishment of artificial airway at clinical reception, the observation index and frequency after tracheotomy, the method of humidification, the method and frequency of sputum suction, and the management of mechanical ventilation, etc. Specialized infection control required to strengthen hand hygiene and ventilator management. (2) The pulmonary infection rate and mortality of patients in the clustered care group were 2.74% (2/73) and 4.11% (3/73), respectively, significantly lower than 25.58% (11/43) and 18.60% (8/43) in routine care group ( χ2=11.986, 5.043, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions:The clustered management plan for pulmonary care developed for massive burn casualties focuses on the major links and key points. The measures are systemic and comprehensive, simple but precise, and highly operable, covering the entire process of massive burn care, hereby reducing the pulmonary infection rate significantly and improving the success rate of treatment.

Objective To explore the feasibility of preparation of a mouse model of orthotopic colon cancer by injecting tumor cell suspension into mesenteric triangle of the cecum. Methods Twenty SPF 8?week old BALB/c mice ( male ∶ female=1 ∶ 1) were used in this study. The mouse caecum was exposed by laparostomy, and suspension of mouse colon adenocarcinoma CT26.WT cells was injected into the mesenteric triangle of cecum for preparation of a mouse model oforthotopic colon cancer. Results Mouse orthotopic colon cancer was developed by injection of tumor cell suspension into mesenteric triangle of the cecum showing a successful rate of 100%, without intestinal obstruction, and the liver, spleen, diaphragm and mesenteric lymph nodes metastasis rates were high in all the 20 experimental mice. Conclusions The establishment of mouse models of orthotopic colon cancer by injection of tumor cell suspension into the mesenteric triangle is a simple, rapid, and easy to master procedure, causing less damage to the colon wall, safe and with less trauma to the mice. This method may provide an ideal mouse model of orthotopic colon cancer for the study of pathogenesis as well as liver metastasis mechanisms of colon cancer.

Objective To explore the feasibility of preparation of a mouse model of orthotopic colon cancer by injecting tumor cell suspension into mesenteric triangle of the cecum. Methods Twenty SPF 8?week old BALB/c mice ( male ∶ female=1 ∶ 1) were used in this study. The mouse caecum was exposed by laparostomy, and suspension of mouse colon adenocarcinoma CT26.WT cells was injected into the mesenteric triangle of cecum for preparation of a mouse model oforthotopic colon cancer. Results Mouse orthotopic colon cancer was developed by injection of tumor cell suspension into mesenteric triangle of the cecum showing a successful rate of 100%, without intestinal obstruction, and the liver, spleen, diaphragm and mesenteric lymph nodes metastasis rates were high in all the 20 experimental mice. Conclusions The establishment of mouse models of orthotopic colon cancer by injection of tumor cell suspension into the mesenteric triangle is a simple, rapid, and easy to master procedure, causing less damage to the colon wall, safe and with less trauma to the mice. This method may provide an ideal mouse model of orthotopic colon cancer for the study of pathogenesis as well as liver metastasis mechanisms of colon cancer.