Bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory infection disease in children younger than two years old.The main pathogen of bronchiolitis is respiratory syncytial virus,which is also associated with the asthma.By now,it is still unknown about the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis.Recent findings provide that T helper17(Th17) cells play an important role in bronchiolitis.This review summarizes the progresses of regulation of Th17 cells development,Th17 cells function,and the relationship between Th17 cells and bronchiolitis.

The main function of the pre-preparing water and disinfecting set-up for artificial kidney is to tackle problems,such as poor water quality and more impurities (when hemodialysis is done) which would affect the hemodialzing effects,regeneration of the hemodialyzer and reduce the life of the artificial kidney.The whole set-up is composed of two parts:(1)the pre-preparing water system,i,e.the dual filter which can produce Premium-guality water which the particle under 5?;(2)washing & disinfecting device which can protect the hemodialyzer from clogging and avoid the effects resulting from the clogging.Clinic practice shows that this device is reliable,easy to operate.

Objective To understand the paroxysm spreads characteristic, among Shenzhen community, and to offer some reference about preventing STD. Methods analyze STD in Pingshan community of Shenzhen according to the data in the disease reports from 2005 to 2007 by descriptive Epidemiology method. Results In the disease re-port of Pingshan community in Shenzhen City,there are 160 cases of t6he STD in 2005. 182 cases in 2006. 145 cases in 2007. Incidence rate is 1.683‰, 1.225‰, 1.710‰. Total incidence rate is 1.522%‰, male incidence rate is 1.082‰,female incidence rote is 0.441‰; Among 6 kinds STD, the ratio of gonorrhea is highest, occupying 28.13%. Different sex has different ratio. The male gonorrhea ratio is highest,occupying 34.97%, but the female syphilis is highest,occupying 48.94% ;6 kinds of sexual infectant diseases root in having sex without marrying and it accupied. 69.83%. The origin of disease has difference in sex. Conclusions The incidence of a disease of sexual infectant is a bit high. The main way of transmit is sex osculation without marrying and the inborn syphilis The HIV of pregant woman is not very well,promoting to increase the drumbeating work of sex healthy education,giving publicity to keep your self-esteem gereatly Lets use as many condoms as possible in that sination. The Physical examination of sexual infectant diseases for the pregant women should be strengthended.

Objective To explore the application of SCPC in the apexification.Methods 153 teeth with incompletely developed root were treated with SCPC in the apexification.All of the teeth were followed up for 0.55years.Results 85% of the treated teeth got the good clinical effects of root development and apical closure.Conclusion SCPC is an ideal material to use in the apexification.

BACKGROUND: Fetal microchimerism is a kind of stem cells which comes from fetus in pluripara. The research on fetal microchimerism is a hotspot because it may affect the health condition of pluripara.OBJECTIVE: To introduce the methods of how to detect fetal microchimerism, and the function of fetal microchimerism during disease and tissue repair of the mother.METHODS: Fetal microchimerism was used as a key word, and papers published before 2011-05-20 were retrieved in PubMed. Repetitive papers were eliminated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 655 papers were retrieved, and finally 26 were reviewed. There are several methods used for fetal microchimerism detecting, and fetal microchimerism may pay an important role in the pathomechanism of pluripara autoimmune diseases, cancer and tissue repair.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the responsibility transformation of pharmacists and its necessity.METHODS: The process of transformation in fundamental responsibility of pharmacists were reviewed; the current situation in the development of pharmacist group was presented, and the necessity to transform the responsibility of pharmacists was analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION: It is the contemporary demand to transform the responsibility of pharmacists in China.Training of pharmacy talents and the development in the field of pharmacy, construction of information system, the development and utilization of information, scientific research, the development and utilization of new technology and method, as well as the strengthened management of drug distribution chain, and the establishment of Pharmacist Law can all help to achieve a full range of pharmaceutical care.

Objective To observe the influence of metabolic syndrome(MS)on the left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH)in the essential hypertension(EH)patients.Methods 76 EH patients in middle to advanced ages were selected.Clinical examinations including blood pressure,serum lipid,plasma glucose and body mass index(BMI)were performed.The patients were divided into EH group and essential hypertension with HMS group.The left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVPW),the left ventricular end diastolic dimension(LVDd),and interventricular septal thickness(IVS)were detected.The left ventricular mass index(LVMI)was calculated after Doppler and 30 controls were observed.Results LVPW,IVS,LVDd,LVMI and the rate of LVH were obviously higher in EH patients than that in the controlS(P＜0.05),and these were also higher in HMS than that in the controls and the EH patients(P＜0.01).Conclusions The degree of the left ventricular hypertrophy in EH patients with metabolic syndrome is more severe than that in EH patients.

Objective: To discuss the clinical effect of the treatment of metaphyseal cancellous bone fracture with fragment fixation system implants(FFS).Methods:Thirty patients treated with FFS were reviewed.Results:The patients were followed up for 7～　24 months (8.7 months in average).The fractures in all cases were healed in 6 months and the function recovered or nearly reeovered. Conclusion:By traction with FFS to treat this kind of fracture,the fractures and joint function recovered.The operation is simple and trauma is little.

Objective To determine safe zones at the medial and lateral calcaneus for percutaneous pin placement in Chinese patients.Methods Fourteen cadaveric specimens of normal Chinese adult foot and ankle joints were dissected in this study.At the medial calcaneus of each foot, the most medial and posteroinferior point, the most inferior medial malleolus and the navicular tuberosity were identified and labeled as points A, B and C respectively.The medial calcaneal nerve, the most posterior branch of the lateral plantar nerve, the lateral plantar nerve, the medial plantar nerve, the posterior tibial artery, the lateral plantar artery and the medial plantar artery were carefully dissected and identified.A relative safe zone at the medial calcaneus was marked off according to where the neurovascular structures crossed lines AB and AC.At the lateral calcaneus, the most lateral and posteroinferior point and the inferior lateral malleolus were identified and labeled as points D and E respectively.The lateral calcaneal nerve, the sural nerve and the trunk of the small saphenous vein were carefully dissected and identified.A relative safe zone at the lateral calcaneus was marked off in the same way as that at the medial calcaneus.Results At the medial calcaneus, the medial calcaneal nerve, the most posterior branch of the lateral plantar nerve, the lateral plantar nerve, the medial plantar nerve and the posterior tibial artery crossed line AB respectively at posteroinferiorly 22%, 50%,56%, 64% and 58% of the line.The medial calcaneal nerve, the most posterior branch of the lateral plantar nerve, the lateral plantar nerve, the medial plantar nerve, the lateral plantar artery and the medial plantar artery crossed line AC respectively at posteroinferiorly 14%, 39%, 49%, 63%, 41% and 57% of the line.At the lateral calcaneus, the lateral calcaneal nerve, the sural nerve and the trunk of the small saphenous vein crossed line DE respectively at posteroinferiorly 19%, 65% and 61% of the line.Conclusions At the medial calcaneus, the circular region posterior to the 1/2 of line AB and to the 1/3 of line AC may be considered as a relative safe zone for percutaneous pin placement; at the lateral calcaneus, the region posterior to the perpendicular at the midpoint of line DE may be considered as a relative safe zone for percutaneous pin placement.