AIM: To investigate the role of SMADs singal pathway in rat myocardial hypertrophy. METHODS: The rat model of myocardial hypertrophy was produced by constriction of the abdominal aorta. The wet left vertricular/body weight ratio (LVMI) was measured. The expression of TGF-beta l and Smad 2, 3, 7 mRNA were assessed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The LVMI and the expression of TGF-beta l and Smad 2, 3, 7 mRNA in cardiomyothy were increased in 3 day after the operation and continued at last 4 weeks. The peak expression of TGF-beta l and Smad 2, 3, 7 mRNA was in 2 weeks after operation. The expression of Smad 7 was increased in 3 days after operation, but the peak was in 1 week after operation, then decreased. CONCLUSION: The signal protein Smad 2, 3, 7 are involved in the progress of rat myocardial hypertrophy produced by constriction of abdominal aorta. [

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum,posture on blood pressure,heart rate (HR),pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC)and gynecologic surgery (LP) patients.MethodsTwelve LC patients (LC group)and 13 LP patients(LP group) with ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ were selected.Anesthesia and muscle relaxation were maintained by propofol,fentanyl,enflurane,atracurium and the systolic pressure (SBP),diastolic pressure (DBP),HR,SpO2 was recorded in the following times:before anesthesia(T0),immediately after inflation (T1),after position adjustment (after 10 win inflation ) (T2),after 30 min inflation ( T3 ),after deflation (the end of operation)(T4).Results The SBP and DBP at T1,T2,T3 [SBP:(138.75 ± 13.22),(140.42 ± 15.88),(138.67 ±16.35) mm Hg( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) ; DBP:(94.42 ± 5.76),(96.25 ± 8.26),(90.42 ± 7.36) mm Hg] was higher than that at T0[SBP:( 135.50 ± 15.31 ) mm Hg;DBP:(83.58 ± 6.70) mm Hg] in LC group(P＜ 0.01 ).The SBP and DBP at T2,T3 [SBP:(136.76 ± 12.55),(136.85 ± 13.22) mm Hg;DBP:(88.38 ±6.54),(87.23 ± 6.34) mm Hg ] was higher than that at T0 [ SBP:( 132.52 ± 10.11 )mm Hg; DBP:(74.61 ± 5.23 )mm Hg] in LP group (P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in HR,SpO2 between T0 and the other points in two groups (P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionThe hemodynamic changes have no significant difference between LC and LP;but compared with preoperative,the hemodynamic changes have significant difference after inflation.

Objective To explore the effect of nicotine on rats callus content and maturity in the process of fracture healing.Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into model group,mild nicotine group and severe nicotine group (n =20/each group).The 3-mm bone defects fracture models were made in the junction of the lower 1/3 of the rat left radial.Five rats of each group were sacrificed randomly in the 3,7,14,21 days after surgery,respectively.The left radial were collected as the observed object.The callus thickness and maturity of the specimens were detected by HE staining.Results At the 3rd days after modeling,the difference in specimens callus thickness between each treatment group and the model group was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05),no difference in the maturity of the callus under the microscope; callus thickness in mild and severe nicotine groups and model group was (1.59 ± 0.09) mm,(1.43 ± 0.12) mm,(1.39 ± 0.09) mm at the 7th day after modeling,(1.98 ± 0.12) mm,(1.78 ± 0.08)mm and (1.68 ± 0.09) mm at the 14th day after modeling,and (2.39 ± 0.09) mm,(1.93 ± 0.11) mm,(1.89 ± 0.09) mm at the 21 st day after modeling; The difference of callus thickness in specimens between each treatment group and the model group had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜0.01),callus thickness and maturity of the treatment group were lower than that in the model group.Conclusions Nicotine affects the proliferation and differentiation of callus,reduces callus formation,inhibits maturity transformation of bone,and delays the healing process of fracture.

Objective To compare the efficacy of different dose esomeprazole-based triplen therapies for Helicobacter pylori (Hp)eradication. Methods Two hundred and forty Hp-infected patients were randomly assigned to undergo high-dose (40 mg) or low-dose (20 mg) esomeprasole combined with clarithromycin (500 mg) and amoxicillin (1g) twice a day for one week. Hp eradication test was performed at 4 weeks after the end of treatment to evaluate the response to therapy. Results One hundred and fourteen patients were followed up in high-dose patients, and 104 were Hp eradication. One hundred and thirteen patients were followed up in low-dose patients, and 101 were Hp eradication. There was no significant difference in eradication rate of intention-to treat analysis and per protocol analysis between high-dose and low-dose patients [86.7%(104/120) vs 84.2% (101/120) and 91.2% (104/114) vs 89.4% (101/113), P>0.05]. There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse effect between high-dose and low-dose patients (8.3%(10/120)vs 6.7%(8/120), P>0.05). Conclusion It demonstrates that low-dose esomeprazole-based triple therapy has a similar Hp eradication rate compared with high-dose esomeprazole-based therapy in China.

Objective To explore the clinical trait and relationship between clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in Uygurs women with breast cancer of Xinjiang. Methods The clinicopathological data of 74 cases with breast cancer of Uygurs women were analyzed, multivariate analysis was done by COX proportional hazard model. Results 74 cases have followed up: there-year and five-year survival rates were 75.00 %(48/64) and 43.50 %(20/46)respectively. Multivariable COX regression revealed that patient age, menstruation, status of involved lymph node, TNM and the expression of PR were five important and independent prognostic factors for breast cancer of Uygurs women, the hazard rations of these factors were 0.037, 0.103, 13.851, 18.877, and 0.046, respectively. Conclusions The proportion of breast cancer of Uygurs women was low in patient of Xinjiang, but patient age was young, age of onset were more than half between 36 and 50 years old and mainly belong to Ⅱ, Ⅲ stage of TNM, prognosis was poorly. Patient age, menstruation, status of involved lymph node, TNM and the expression of PR serve as independent prognostic indexes of breast cancer of Uygurs women. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important to improve the survival rate of breast cancer patients

Objective To compare the results of Danielson procedure with and without prosthetic valve ring in treating Ebstein anomaly and to define the effect of prosthetic valve ring on the procedure.Methods From January 2006 to December 2009,31 cases of Ebstein anomaly over 10 years old were classified as type A or type B according the Carpentier＇s classification scheme.Patients were treated by Danielson procedure or Danielson procedure plus prosthetic valve ring at Anzhen hospital.They were retrospectively classified as Danielson procedure group (group A,n =19) and Danielson procedure plus prosthetic valve ring group (group B,n =12 ).Results There was 1 early in-hospital death due to lung infection and hypoxemia in group A,and no early death in group B ( Fisher exact test,P =0.51 ).The mean follow-up time was ( 23.0 ± 18.5 ) months (5 -41 months).The cumulative follow-up time was 59.42 patient-years.There was one late death in group A due to the redo tricuspid valve plastic procedure because of severe tricuspid regurgitation,and no late death in group B.With echocardiography inspection,11 patients had mild and 7 had moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation in group A,and only 2 mild tricuspid regurgitation in group B.The tricuspid valve competence after surgery in group B was better than in group A ( Fisher exact test,P=0.024).The 6-minute walk distance test (6MWD) in group B was significantly better than in group A(415 ±41 )m vs ( 382 ± 46 ) m( t test,P =0.047 ).The New York heart functional class in group B was statistically better than in Group A ( P =0.024).Conclusion Although there was no significant difference in the early and late mortality rate between the two groups after surgery,Danielson procedure plus prosthetic valve ring was better than pure Danielson procedure in prevention of late tricuspid regurgitation recurrence,heart function and 6MWD test during follow-up.

Objective To evaluate the effect of resveratrol on the growth of an established A431 xenogratt tumor in nude mice.Methods The model of human skin squamous cell carcinoma was established by inoculating A431 cells in log-phase growth into the left axillary fossa of Balb/c (nu/nu) nude mice.After 7-8 days,60 mice bearing human A431 skin squamous cell carcinoma xenografts were randomly and equally divided into 6 groups:blank control group receiving no treatment,negative control group treated with intraperitoneal sodium chloride physiological solution,positive control group treated with intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide,high-,medium-and low-dose resveratrol groups treated with intraperitoneal resveratrol of 40,20 and 10 μg per gram body weight per day,respectively.Tumor size was measured at a 4-day interval during the treatment course.After 14-day treatment,the mice were sacrificed.Xenograft tumors were removed from these mice and subjected to weight measurement,pathological examination by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and apoptosis detection by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).Western blot was conducted to quantify the protein expression of apoptosis-related factors,including phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK),p53 and caspase 3.Data were processed by SPSS 13.0 software,and statistical analysis was carried out by analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis.Results By the end of treatment,the xenograft tumor volume was (1153.56 ± 255.41) mm3,(1001.69 ± 115.08) mm3,(1206.80 ± 175.88) mm3,(1342.28 ± 211.12) mm3,(1642.34 ± 225.85) mm3 and (1564.32 ± 156.49) mm3,and the weight was (1.84 ±0.30) g,(1.72 ± 0.39) g,(1.96 ± 0.40) g,(2.67 ± 0.73) g,(3.16 ± 0.52) g,and (3.33 ± 0.59) g,respectively in the positive control group,high-,medium-and low-dose resveratrol group,negative control group and blank control group.Significant differences were observed in the xenograft tumor volume (F =16.00,P ＜ 0.05) and weight (F =19.15,P ＜ 0.05) among the 6 groups.According to the tumor weight,the growth of tumor was inhibited by 45.57％,37.97％ and 15.51％ respectively in the high-,medium-and low-dose resveratrol groups.Increased apoptotic index was observed in the positive control group,high-,medium-and low-dose resveratrol groups compared with the negative control group and blank control group (36.79 ± 8.86,33.15 ± 6.00,18.09 ±3.92 and 10.53 ± 4.20 vs.3.87 ± 1.63 and 2.73 ± 1.61,F =93.26,P ＜ 0.05).Analysis of variance showed that the protein expressions of p-ERK,p53 and caspase 3 were all higher in the three resveratrol groups than in the negative control group and blank control group (F =6.65,6.78,11.56,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The protein expression of p53 was statistically correlated with p-ERK (r =0.68,P ＜ 0.05) and caspase 3 (r =0.56,P ＜0.05).Conclusions Resveratrol shows an inhibitory effect on the growth of human A431 skin squamous cell carcinoma xenografts in nude mice,likely by increasing p53 expression and inducing tumor cell apoptosis via the activation of MAPK/ERK pathway.

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of multiple-slice spiral CT (MSCT) perfusion imaging technique in pancreatic cancer by measuring and comparing the dynamical characteristics of blood flow between normal pancreas and pancreatic cancer. Methods The CT perfusion imaging were obtained using Siemens Somatoma MSCT scanner in 44 patients with normal pancreas tissue and 18 patients with pancreatic cancer. The mean blood flow (BF),blood volume (BV), time to start (Trs), time to peak (TIP), permeability and patlak blood volume (pBV) were measured and statistically analyzed by using Siemens Body peHusion software package. Results The mean BF, BV, Trs, TIP, permeability and pBV of normal pancreas were: (90.60±29.25) ml·100 ml-1·min-1, (190.35±43.8) ml/L, (205.3±160.2) s, (1403.5±334.0)s, (99.47±49.9) 0.5 ml·100 ml-1·min-1, (157.8±52.5) ml/L, respectively. The mean BF, BV, TTS, TrP, per-meability and pBV of pancreatic cancer were (22.9±10. 63) ml·100 ml-1·min-1, (52.38±18.08) ml/L, (194.3±76.0) s, (1549.5± 308.5)s, (115.25±33.55) 0.5 ml·100 ml-1·min-1, (83.16±41.45) ml/L respectively. The mean BF, BV, pBV and permeability between normal pancreas and pancreatic carcinoma were statistically significant (P<0.01). However the mean TTS and TIP between normal pancreas and pancreatic carcinoma were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion There are significant differences between perfusion values of pancreatic carcinoma and normal pancreatic tissue, and MSCT perfusion imaging is helpful in diagnosing pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective The rate of post -operative complications has been increased with the changes in patients' age,prolonged duration, more severe and diffused lesions, and more patients with complications in recent years. We try to identify the risk factors associated with prolonged stay in the intensive care unit ( ICU ) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Methods 1623 patients who received CABG surgery in Beijing Anzhen Hospital Between June 1, 2006 and December 31,2007 were divided into two groups based on their stay duration in the ICU. Prolonged stay in ICU was defined as 5days or more. Univariate and multivariate analysis ( logistic regression) were used to identify the risk factors. The discrimination and calibration of the result were tested after the risk factors were determined. Results Fifty one patients had prolonged ICU stay, accounting for 3.14% of total cases. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the age of patients, peripheral vascular diseases, critical status before operation, LVEF, operative status, mitral regurgitation, postoperative respiratory failure,postoperative renal failure, secondary thoracotomy for postoperative bleeding were associated risk factors. Conclusion Prolonged ICU stay after CABG surgery can be predicted based on the above factors. For patients with these risk factors, more pre-and postoperative care strategies are needed.

Objective:To survey the expression of MMP-1,MMP-2 of human periodontal ligament cells(HPDLCs)treated by tea polyphenols(TP)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods:HPDLCs were in vitro cultured in vitro and treated by TP(200 μg/ml) and /or LPS(100 μg/ml)for 24,48 and 72 h respectively,the secretion of MMP-1 and MMP-2 were examined by ELISA,MMP-1 and MMP-2 mRNA expression was examined by real-time PCR.Results:The secression and mRNA expression of MMP-1 and MMP-2 of HPDLCs increased by LPS treatment and significantly inhibited by TP at the different times.Conclusion:TP can inhibit the col-lagen degradation of HPDLCs mediated by LPS.