Recently many studies have focused on the roles that tumor microenvironment plays in the occurrence and development of tumors,and the therapeutic effects of adjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Recent researches show that tumor microenvironment has an obvious impact on the therapeutic effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,which mainly includes cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF),stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and collagens.

Objective To analyze the radiologic characteristics of focal organizing pneumonia (FOP) and discuss its values in diagnosis of FOP.Methods 57 lesions of FOP proved by histological examination were studied retrospectively.All of the lesions could be classified into types of nodule(diameter≤30 mm, n=40) and mass(diameter>30 mm, n=17),which were analyzed to explore the imaging characteristics such as location, margin, internal state, and enhancement features.Results 39 lesions were located in the right lung and 18 lesions in the left lung, and 51 lesions in the peripheral and 6 lesions in the inner or middle of the lung.The differences between the location of lobe and lung field were statistically significant.The radiographic common features included air bronchogram were seen in 28 cases, while loose composition sign in 18 cases and vessel convergence in 21 cases.49 lesions occurred in subpleural region, including 34 lesions broad contract with pleura.In 54 lesions with contrast-enhanced CT scan, the difference between arterial phase and plain scan in CT value was 35 HU and difference of venous phase and plain scan was 45 HU, presenting gradual enhancement.14 lesions were inhomogeneous enhancement in mass type and 25 lesions were homogeneous enhancement in nodule type.There were statistic differences in margin, shape, round-glass opacity, necrosis, cave and the relationship with pleura between the nodule type and mass type.Conclusion FOP has specific radiographic features.Enhanced CT scan combining multi planar reformation images is helpful in differential diagnosis.

Objective To discuss the necessity of antibiotics usage in septoplasty , and to provide evidences for the standardization of the therapy and rational use of antibiotics in septoplasty. Methods Eighty-seven patients who had undergone septoplasty were randomly divided into three groups: Group A: without antibiotics; Group B: antibiotics only preoperative prophylaxis; Group C: antibiotics both preoperative and postoperative for five days. The clinical effect and complication rate were compared among three groups. Results There were no statistical significance among three groups for clinical effect and complication rate (P > 0.05). Conclusions The infection rate in septoplasty is very low , and the use of prophylactic antibiotics in elective septoplasty can neither improve efficacy nor reduce postoperative complications , so it is not essential.

Objective To define the peroneal nerve’ s safety zone and study its clinical value in treatment of MIPPO for proximal tibia fracture. Methods The peroneal nerve’ s safety zone was defined according to dead body anatomy. Patients with proximal tibia fracture were divided into traditional therapy group ( control group) and peroneal nerve’ s safety zone therapy ( observation group) . The curative effects and complications were compared. Results The peroneal nerve’s safety zone of R1 was (45. 30 ± 1. 55) mm,R2 was (45. 61 ± 1. 40) mm,R3 was(45. 42 ± 1. 62) mm,angle A was(33 ± 2. 1)°,angle B was(97 ± 2. 3)°. The operating time,bleeding volume,hospitalization time and fracture time in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,but there was no siginificant difference in post-ther-apy infection,delayed healing and other complications. Conclusion The curative effects according to peroneal nerve’ s safety zone are better than traditional MIPPO in proximal tibia fracture.

Diagnostic whole body scan (Dx-WBS) with 131I and serum Tg level are the main parameters to evaluate the effectiveness of thyroid remnant ablation in patients with DTC.Undetectable Tg and positive radioiodine uptake in the thyroid bed (Tg-/Dx-WBS+) may be found in some patients.However,the clinical significance is uncertain.A small amount of thyroidal remnant,a small DTC lesion,increased expression of NIS gene and autoimmune inflammation may all result in Tg-/Dx-WBS+.A wait-and-watch approach without rushing for high-dose radioiodine treatment might be a more reasonable approach for these patients.

Objective To study the morphological change of Schistosoma japonicum eggs processed by calcium cyanamide synthetic drug,so as to provide the basis for further study of the mechanism that calcium cyanamide synthetic drug to schisto?some eggs. Methods The calcium cyanamide synthetic drug was added to the cattle feces containing schistosome eggs and mixed up,and then the cattle feces was stacked as original shape on the marshland. Blank controls were set at the same time. The cattle feces samples were collected and the schistosome eggs were observed under a microscope on the 1st,2nd,3rd,7th day after the experiment. Results By the effect of calcium cyanamide synthetic drug,the color of eggs was deepening gradual?ly,the miracidia were atrophied,and the shells of eggs were thickened. The embryonic membrane of miracidia was no longer completed 3 days later,and the miracidia were deformed severely 7 days later. The atrophy of miracidia was not obvious in the blank controls. Conclusion The schistosome miracidia and embryonic membrane can be damaged by the calcium cyanamide synthetic drug,and worse damaged with time extending.

Our previous studies indicate that phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIα can promote the growth of multi-malignant tumors via HER-2/PI3K and MAPK pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms of this pathway and its potential for clinical application remain unknown. In this study, we found that PI4KIIα could be an ideal combinatorial target for EGFR treatment via regulating EGFR degradation. Results showed that PI4KIIα knockdown reduced EGFR protein level, and the expression of PI4KIIα shows a strong correlation with EGFR in human breast cancer tissues (r = 0.77, P < 0.01). PI4KIIα knockdown greatly prolonged the effects and decreased the effective dosage of AG-1478, a specific inhibitor of EGFR. In addition, it significantly enhanced AG1478-induced inhibition of tumor cell survival and strengthened the effect of the EGFR-targeting anti-cancer drug Iressa in xenograft tumor models. Mechanistically, we found that PI4KIIα suppression increased EGFR ligand-independent degradation. Quantitative proteomic analysis by stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) and LC-MS/MS suggested that HSP90 mediated the effect of PI4KIIα on EGFR. Furthermore, we found that combined inhibition of PI4KIIα and EGFR suppressed both PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways, and resulted in downregulation of multiple oncogenes like PRDX2, FASN, MTA2, ultimately leading to suppression of tumor growth. Therefore, we conclude that combined inhibition of PI4KIIα and EGFR exerts a multiple anti-tumor effect. Dual inhibition of EGFR at protein and activity level via combinatorial blocking of PI4KIIα presents a novel strategy to combat EGFR-dependent tumors.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; ErbB Receptors ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Female ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; metabolism ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Quinazolines ; pharmacology ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Tyrphostins ; pharmacology

Objective ToexplorethevalueofspectralCTimaginginmultiGparameterquantitativeanalysisoflungcancerwithdifferent pathologicaltypes.Methods SpectralCTimagesof72patientswithlungcancerprovedbypathologywereanalyzed,includingadenocarcinoma (ADC)in44cases,squamouscellcarcinoma(SQCC)in23casesandsmallcelllungcancer(SCLC)in5cases.Theslopeof40－100keVspectralattenuationcurve(λH),effectiveatomicnumber(EffectiveGZ),Calciumconcentration,hydroxyapatite(HAP)concentration, normalizediodineconcentration(NIC)and Waterconcentration were measuredandcomparedrespectively.The O n eG W a y analysisof variance (ANOVA ) was used and a value of P＜0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results (1 )O n plain C T ,there were statisticallysignificantdifferencesinEffectiveGZandλHamongthreeGdiseasegroups(F＝3.423,P＝0.04,F＝3.476,P＝0.038,respectively). (2)IncontrastGenhancedarterialphase,theWaterconcentrationandλHshowedstatisticallysignificantdifferencesamongthreegroups (F＝6.303,P＝0.003,F＝5.833,P＝0.005,respectively).(3)Invenousphase,thedifferenceinNICandλH wasstatisticallysignificant amongthegroups(F＝3.974,P＝0.023,F＝6.766,P＝0.002,respectively).(4)Apairwisecomparisonshowedtherewerestatistically significantdifferencesinallquantitativeparametersofspectralCTbetweenADCandSQCCgroups.ROCcurveanalysisshowedthat thosequantitativeparametersinvenousphaseappearedtohavehighdiagnosticefficiencyindifferentiatingADCfromSQCC,especiallyfor theλHinVP,withaAUCof0.754,sensitivityof79.5%,specificityof69.6%andthresholdvalueof1.78.Conclusion CTSpectral multiGparameterimagingprovidesanewsupplementarymethodforpreoperativediagnosisofADCandSQCC,andλHinvenousphase hasthehighestvalueindifferentiatingADCfromSQCC.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the therapeutic effect and adverse reactions of ?-receptor blocker, domestic urapidil, on severe hypertension. METHODS: Observation was carried out in a multi-center, random sampling and controlled pattern. Drug was iv injected first and then infused. At the same time, the patients' systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, heart rate, EKG, blood & urine routine, serum GPT and urea nitrogen were measured and examined.RESULTS: Of 41 cases in this series. 16 satis- factory(39.0%), 23 improved (56.1%), 2 unsatisfactory(4.9%) .The total effective rate was 95.1%. After drug administra- tion, systolic pressure was lowered by 43 .97mmHg(P

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of protocol deviation on the results of clinical trials ，and to provide reference for rising the quality management of drug clinical trials. METHODS ：Blind data review forms for clinical trials of a contract research organzation （CRO） company in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2019 were collected to analyze general characteristics of protocol deviation，the situation of protocol deviation before and after the “722 announcement”（Announcement on Carrying Out Self-inspection and Verification of Drug Clinical Trial Data issued by CFDA on July 22，2015）as well as the effects of protocol deviation on full analysis set （FAS）population division. The suggestions were put forward. RESULTS ：A total of 45 trials were included，involving 454 centers，14 304 disease cases and 5 562 cases of protocol deviation. The most common types of protocol deviations were over-window ，violation of criteria of the inclusion and exclusion ，and drop-out ，which accounted for 36.88％， 20.71％ and 18.43％ respectively. There was no statistical significance in protocol deviation degree of clinical trials with different stages or drug types （P＞0.05）；there was significant difference in the degree of protocol deviations in clinical trials with different stages before and after the “722 announcement”（P＜0.05）；the incidence of deviations from over-window ，violation of cirteria of the inclusion and exclusion ，and medication compliance had increased after the “722 announcement”；82.07％ of cases with protocol deviations could enter FAS ，and the population who included in FAS but did not enter per protocol set （PPS）accounted for 53.99％ of the total deviation ，of which deviations from drop-out and combined medication accounted for 19.51％ and 4.29％ respectively. All cases with deviation from medication compliance did not enter PPS. CONCLUSIONS ：Drop-out，violation of criteria of the inclusion and exclusion ，and over-window are the main factors that cause clinical trial protocol deviations. The “722 announcement”played a certain role on improving the quality management awareness of the personnel in drug clinical trial. Appropriate statistical methods should be selected to control bias ，and to strengthen the quality management of drug clinical trials and reduce protocol deviations ，by paying attention to trial design， staff training ， institutional management and 85223869。