BACKGROUND:Tissue-engineered bone has been considered to be a promising candidate for the repair and reconstruction of load-bearing large segmental bone defects. Currently, the studies on the application of tissue-engineered bone mainly focus on cel-scaffold or cytokine-scaffold constructs, which haveshed light upon the repair of large segmental bone defects. OBJECTIVE:Toestablish simple and convenient tissue engineering of anatomicaly shaped tibial bone defect models using three-dimensional rapid prototyping technology to manufacture rabbit tibia biomimetic artificial bone scaffolds. METHODS:Three-dimensional electronic models were constructed using Mimic software. Hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactonescaffolds were manufactured by fused deposition modeling equipment. Fifty rabbits aged 6 months were randomly divided into three groups: blank control(n=3), control(n=6) and experimental groups(n=6), respectively. Tibial defects ranged 1.2 cmweremade in al groups. No treatment was given in blank control group. The bone defects in control and experimental groups were repaired with autogenous osteotomized bone and anatomicaltissue-engineered bone, respectively, and fixed with plates and screws. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Rabbit tibial bone measurements:tibiallengthwas (93.77±0.59)mm, tibiofibular transverse diameter(8.36±0.13)mm, sagittal diameter(5.97±0.12)mm, average thickness of bone cortex(1.20±0.10)mm, average diameter of the medulary cavity(4.30±0.06)mm. Anglebetween the connection line of the midpoints of superior and inferior articular surfaces at the side of tibial bone models and the connection lineof the midpoints of superior and inferior intersecting surfaces at the side of osteotomized bone modelswasα=(5.97±0.13)°.(2) X-ray in bone defects: at postoperative 4 and 12 weeks, no obvious displacement and angulated deformity were found in bone grafts, suggesting the good bone defect repair.(3) Histological examination: at postoperative 4 weeks, bone scaffolds were filed with new bone in the experimental group. Furthermore, considerably increased new bone formation and mineralization were observed at postoperative 12 weeks.(4) General observation: no obvious displacement and angulated deformity occurredin bone defect grafts at postoperative 4 and 12 weeks. These findings suggest that rabbit anatomical models of large segmental tibial bone defects with good stability were constructed using three-dimensional prototyping technology, which may simulate the structure and function of bone tissue and be used for guiding the new bone regeneration.

A female patient, now 6 years old, received cochlear implant in the right ear at the age of 2 (February, 2006). In August 16, 2010, a cervical spine MRI examination was required due to the cervical spine injury in order to confirm the diagnosis. Considering the cochlea coil may interfere with the MRI examination results, a local bandaging around the ear was given to isolate cochlear magnetic field. The results of cervical spine MRI examinations showed no obvious disturbance, which suggests that we could further explore this method clinically.
Cervical Vertebrae ; Child ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Postoperative Period

Objective:To investigate the pre-pregnancy vitamin D level and pregnancy outcome in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA).Methods:A prospective study was performed in 4 534 patients with URSA from May 2017 to April 2019 at Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University. The serum Vitamin D levels was obtained before pregnancy. Pregnancy complications and newborns outcomes were recorded after pregnancy.Results:The serum vitamin D level of patients with URSA before pregnancy was (42.22±16.27)nmol/L, and the proportions of vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency were 72.3%, 24.0 %, and 3.7%, respectively. The Vitamin D level was positively correlated with age ( P<0.05); The age of vitamin D<50 nmol/L group was lower than that of vitamin D≥50 nmol/L group ( P<0.05); patients with vitamin D<50 nmol/L had higher proportion of spontaneous abortions ≥3 times than those with the vitamin D≥50 nmol/L ( P<0.05); The level of vitamin D was negatively correlated with the ratio of CD3 + CD4 + T cells in peripheral blood ( P<0.05); In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the final model adjusted for age, abortion frequency and season. The risk of pregnancy failure was increased in vitamin D <50 nmol/L group [30.6%(76/248) vs 17.9%(12/67), χ 2=3.67, P=0.02], OR=2.02(95% CI: 1.02-3.9); In the group of vitamin D<50 nmol/L before pregnancy, the risk of newborns entering NICU was increased, OR=3.16(95% CI: 1.15-8.65). Conclusions:Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in URSA patients before pregnancy, which correlates with the times of previous spontaneous abortions and recurrent pregnancy failure. Vitamin D deficiency before pregnancy is one of the high-risk factors for URSA.

OBJECTIVE To study effective and convenient method for paraffin oil sterilization.METHODS By using carrier qualitative germicidal test,to compare pressure steam sterilization,dry heat sterilization and cobalt-60(gamma)-ray radiation sterilization to test the sterilizing effect and operating procedure.RESULTS Pressure steam sterilization was unable to achieve 100% sterilizing effect,whether we extended the time or use the intermittent(sterilization).After dry heat or radiation sterilization processes,no microorganism was found.CONCLUSIONS Effect of sterilization with dry heat or radiation sterilization is trustable,but its packing,operation and equipment are requested strictly,and pressure steam sterilization may be not good for paraffin oil.

Rosai-Dorfman disease in nasal cavity and nasal sinuses is known as an idiopathic proliferative disease of histiocytes with a distinct morphologic feature and is very rare. It is easy to relapse and be misdiagnosed. In on case, the infiltrating histiocytes had large round or oval nuclei. The cytoplasm was abundant, granular or vacuolated and foamy. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the histiocytes were strongly reactive with antibodies against S100 and CD68. The diagnosis of extranodal RDD in the paranasal sinuses could be differentiated with rhinoscleroma, eosinophilic granuloma, plasmacytoma, or fibrous histiocytoma. It showed that the identification of the distinctive histiocytes which are typically immunoreactive to S100 and CD68 can be quite helpful for correct diagnosis.
Adult ; Histiocytosis, Sinus ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology

AIM: To study the effects of norepinephrine preconditioning(NE-P) and ischemic preconditioning (IP)on apoptosis and Bcl-2, Bax expression in rat myocardial cells in myocardial ischemic reperfusion (I/R). METHODS: The model of rat ischemic-reperfusion was used to conduct NE-preconditioning. Apoptotic myocytes were detected with TUNEL. Bcl-2, Bax expression were detected with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The rate of apoptosis cells in I/R group was higher, the rate of apoptosis cells in NE-P group and IP was lower significantly than that in I/R group( P0.05). CONCLUSION: NE-P reduced myocyte apoptosis by I/R in rats; The expression of Bcl-2 ,Bax genes played an important role in myocardial apoptosis.

Objective To discuss the operative procedures and clinical result of posteromedial and posterolateral approaches in treatment of posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures. Methods From January 2006 to June 2008, 21 patients of posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures were treated by posteromedial and posterolateral knee approaches. There were 12 males and 9 females. The age ranged from 28 to 68 years, with a mean of 39.5 years. Of the patients, 13 had resulted from a traffic accident and 8 had caused by a fall. As for the state of posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures, 7 patients had a medial condylar.fracture, 8 patients had a lateral condylar fracture and 6 patients had a bilateral condylar fracture. Results A follow-up lasted 12-24 months (mean 16.2 months ) in 21 patients. There was no infection, no varus or valgus of the knee, no nerve injuries and loosening or breakage of the screw. All cases had attained bone union. According to the Rasmussen functional scoring, the results were excellent in 12, good in 7 and fair in 2. The excellent and good rate of clinical results was 90.5%. Radiologic results were graded with the Rasmussen score to evaluate the reduction of fracture. There were excellent in 13, good in 7 and fair in 1. The excellent and good rate of clinical results was 95.2%. Conclusion Posteromedial and posterolateral approaches can facilitate the reduction and fixation for posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures. It has many advantages such as good exposure, less invasion and the excellent clinical results.

Objective:To analysis the effect of two methods of transposition of pectoralis major in different degrees deep sternal wound infection(DSWI) after undergoing cardiac surgery.Methods:128 patients with DSWI after cardiac surgery were treated, 72 were mild, and 56 were severe. 66 cases of pectoralis major muscle flap docking method(medial muscle flap docking group) and 62 cases of lateral pectoralis major muscle flap turnover method(lateral muscle flap turnover group) were implemented respectively. Drainage tube indwelling time, reoperation rate, incidence of lung infection, long-term thoracic stability and other aspects were observed to compared the treatment effect.Results:In the mild patients, the medial muscle flap docking group and the lateral muscle flap turnover group were compared( P<0.05). The postoperative hospital stay [(14.2±4.7)days vs.(17.1±3.9)days], drainage tube retention time[(6.2±1.7)h vs.(9.1±2.9)h], and reoperation rate(2.4% vs. 6.7%), the incidence of lung infection(14.3% vs. 23.3%), long-term thoracic stability[73.8%(31/42)vs.43.3%(13/30)]. In the severe patients, the medial muscle flap docking group and the lateral muscle flap turnover group were compared. The postoperative hospital stay[(24.2±7.2)days vs.(20.1±3.5)days], drainage tube retention time[(20.2±6.6)h vs.(13.2±3.1)h], reoperation rate(20.8% vs.12.5%), incidence of pulmonary infection(41.7% vs. 31.3%), long-term thoracic stability[25.0%(6/24)vs.68.8%(22/32)]. The differences of the indicators in each group were significant , P<0.05. In the mild group, each index of the pectoralis major medial muscle flap docking method was superior to the lateral muscle flap turnover method, but the treatment results of the two methods in the severe group were opposite. Conclusion:Patients with mild deep DSWI treated with medial pectoralis major muscle flap docking and suture have less hospital stay, less reoperation rate, less complications and better treatment effect than reverse lateral pectoralis major muscle flap turnover. But the two treatments in the severe DSWI have the opposite effect.

The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly around the world,posing a serious threat to the public"s health. As of September 30,2020,the number of infected people in the world has reached 33 million,causing more than 1 million deaths. Normalized nucleic acid detection methods based on lab have long turnaround time and high cost. Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop a convenient method to detect SARS-CoV-2,so as to achieve rapid testing and timely control of the epidemic when resources are limited.This review summarizes the point-of-care testing (POCT) methods developed for SARS-CoV-2 in terms of extraction,amplification and detection,and briefly introduces commercial POCT instruments that integrate these three steps,in order to provide references for emergency response and rapid deployment of COVID-19 and other emerging infectious diseases.