Objective To investigate the effects of different degrees of white mustard stir-processing on patient skin after acupoint application. Methods The same production batch of raw white mustard were randomly allocated to groups A, B and C. Fifty asthma patients were received acupiont application. Raw white mustard was stir-processed into slight yellow in group A, deep yellow in group B and coke yellow in group C. the skin reaction was observed in the three groups of patients after acupoint application. Results Obvious skin burning heat and burning pain sensations, and skin redness accompanied by many blisters occurred at the place of application in group A. Skin warming sensation, no or a small amount of needle tip-like blisters and skin redness without edema occurred at the place of application in group B. No or slight skin redness and unobvious skin warming sensation occurred at the place of application in group C. Conclusion White mustard stir-processed into deep yellow can effectively reduce the excessive stimulation of medicine to the skin and not markedly affect the amount of medicamentous stimulation to the acupoint.

Objective To conduct the global assessment of methylated DNA status of CpG islands. Methods The modified AIMS (amplification of inter-methylated sites) technology was adopted, which mainly included 3 groups of isoschizomers (methylation-sensitive and methylation-insensitive restricted enzymes). The comparison analysis of methylome among 3 concentrations (6%, 8%, 10%) of polyacrylamide with 8M urea denaturing sequencing gel and the digestion effect among 3 groups of isoschizomers were carried out. The results of personal molecular imager FX system and autoradiography were also compared. Results Genome-wide detection of methylome of CpG islands might be the technical basis for the subsequent analysis. The resolving power and scope bands in 6% polyacrylamide denaturing sequencing gel were superior to those in gels with the other two concentrations. 3 groups of isoschizomers could meet the need of genome-wide detection of methylome of CpG islands. Personal molecular imager FX system and autoradiography could be used together, and they compensated each other. Conclusions The optimized AIMS technology is a kind of high-throughput method to analyze methylome, which is simple, specific, and easy to handle. The 3 groups of isoschizomers can cover most of CpG islands for genome-wide detection and get the ideal results. Only a small quantity of genome DNA is enough to meet the need of clinical detection.

Objective To assess language function in children with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes in children(BECTS) and its association with the age of epilepsy onset.Methods We assessed language function in 63 children with BECTS and 30 age and sex matched controls by the subtest of CWISC.Results Children with BECTS performed significantly worse on all language tasks as compared to controls and overall better language function was positively correlated with older age of the child.Early age at seizure onset demonstrated significant negative correlation with language dysfunction,age below 6 years being related to the lowest performance scores(P ＜ 0.05).There was no relationship between the language function and the laterality of epileptic focus,seizure treatment status,or the duration of epilepsy(P ＞ 0.05).There was significant relationship between the language dysfunction and onset age of epilepsy (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Children with BECTS have language difficulties that are more pronounced in younger age group.Despite better language functioning in older children with BECTS,their verbal abilities remain inferior to those of children without epilepsy.Early age at seizure onset is a significant factor predicting worse language functioning in children with BECTS.

Objective To know the medication compliance in elderly patients with hypertension,to analyze the influence factors of medication compliance,and to propose forward intervention countermeasures.Methods The treatment of hypertension in elderly patients was investigated by questionnaire survey.Medication compliance and influence factors were analyzed.Results 166 cases with poor medication compliance,and the rate was 45.0％; 203 cases with good medication compliance,and the rate was 55.0％.It's showed significantly difference on degree of education between the observation group and control group (x2 =12.071,P=0.002).The proportion of peasant and worker was higher in the observation group than control group (78.9％ vs.62.1％,x2 =12.817,P=0.002).The smoker (48.8％) and drinker (59.0％) in observation group more than smoker (27.1％) and drinker (31.0％) in control group(x2=18.481,P＜0.001; x2=29.115,P＜ 0.001).The ratio of payout of-pocket for healthcare was higher in the observation group (21.1％) than control group (9.9％) (x2=9.084,P=0.003).The duration of hypertension was longer in the observation group (8.8±4.6) than control group (6.0±4.1) (t=1.806,P=0.036).The income per month was less in the observation group (1850±150) than control group (2150±200) (t=5.799,P＜ 0.001).There were regression relationship between medication compliance and degree of education,medical security and duration of hypertension.Conclusions According to the influence factors of medication compliance in elderly hypertensive patients,it's useful to improve medication compliance by enhancing health education and designing a personal treatment.

Acute kidney injury ( AKI) is a clinical syndrome associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and early recognition is critical .In an attempt to engage laypeople and non-experts,the term kidney attack has been introduced to refer to acute kidney injury (AKI),and AKI with functional loss and tubular damage can be diagnosed both with functional criteria ( CRIAKI, creatinine increase AKI ) and damage criteria ( NCRIAKI, non-creatinine increase AKI ) according to the most recent ADQI consensus .This comprehensive definition of Acute Kidney Syndromes may be a major advancement in terms of early referral , prevention of progression and therapeutic strategies for AKI .

In order to observe the therapeutic effect of azithromycin combined with IFN-γ on mouse toxoplasmosis and its impact on the cellular immune function of mouse, a total of 100 BALB/c mice were selected and divided into 5 groups, namely an infection control group (Group A) , azithromycin treatment group (Group B) , azithromycin combined with IFN-γ treatment group (Group C) , IFN-γ treatment group (Group D) and blank control group (Group E). The mice in Group A, B, C, D were infected by Toxoplasma tachyzoites through intraperitoneal injection and those in Group B, C, D were treated with relative drugs 24 h later for S days. The survival time of mice in each group and the levels of CD4 ~+ and CD8~+ T cells in blood were observed. The results showed that azithromycin combined with IFN-γ could improve the therapeutic effect of mouse toxoplasmosis and the cellular immune function of mice.

Objective To investigate the related brain areas and nucleus involved in the inhibition of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on epilepsy. Methods Using the kainic acid kindling epilepsy rats model,we observed the distribution of Fos positive neurons in the brain after VNS treatment combined with immunohistochemical method. Results VNS induced a significant increase in Fos immunoreactivity in the bilateral nucleus of solitary tract,the locus coeruleus,parabrachial nucleus,periaqueductal gray of midbrain,lateral habenular nucleus,paraventricular thalamic nucleus,rhomoid thalamic nucleus,paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus.Dense Fos immunoreactive staining was also seen in the central nucleus of amygdala,bed nucleus of stria terminalis,lateral septal nucleus and prepirifiorm cortex.Pretreatment with electric stimulation on cervical vagual nerve stem, c fos expressing of hippocampus formation,cingulate gyrus and frontal,parietal,temporal lobus significantly diminished after KA injection. Conclusion This finding may suggest that VNS activates various brain structure that could be involved in the regulation of seizures.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the mortality attributable to smoking in different work environments among male citizens in Tianjin, China, and to provide scientific evidence for banning smoking in workplaces and public places.

METHODSThe data of 38 312 male deaths 18-69 years of age in Tianjin from 2010 to 2012 were collected. The risk of death due to lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases attributed to smoking in different work environments was analyzed.

RESULTSAmong the male deaths 18-69 years of age in Tianjin, 22.57% were caused by smoking, and the life scan of smokers was shortened by 5 years on average. The smokers who started smoking at an early age and had high dialy cigarette consumption were at high risk of death.The risk of death due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among workers in indoor workshop(OR=1.82,95%CI: 1.55 2.15), indoor office personnel (OR=1.59, 95%CI: 1.39-1.81) Indoor public places (OR=1 .55, 95%U: 1.19 2.01) were higher than outdoor workers (OR=1.23,95%CI: 1.12-1.35). The risk of death due to lung cancer among workers in indoor workshop (OR =3.80,95% CI: 3.03-4.76), indoor office personnel (OR =3.04,95% CI: 2.48-3.73) Indoor public places (OR =4.63,95% CI:3.08-6.96)were higher than outdoor workers (OR 2.57,95% CI:2.22-2.97). The risk of death due to lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases among indoor workers was higher than that among outdoor workers. The risk of death due to lung cancer among indoor workers in public places who started smoking when they were younger than 18 years of age was higher than those among outdoor workers and other indoor workers.

CONCLUSIONSmoking is a major risk factor for mortality among male citizens in Tianjin, and also a key factor for the loss of labor productivity. Indoor workers have a higher risk of mortality than outdoor workers. In order to reduce the mortality attributable to smoking, effective actions should be taken as soon as possible to ban smoking in indoor workplaces.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; mortality ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupations ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; mortality ; Workplace ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the causes of death and life expectancy after elimination of main causes of disease in residents of Tianjin. Methods The death registry data of Tianjin residents in 2014 were collected and coded in“international classification of disease, 10th edition”. The crude death rate and life expectancy after elimination of main causes of disease were calculated, respectively. Results In 2014, the crude death rate in Tianjin residents was 70.708 per million, while in male and female were 78.728 and 62.637 per million respectively. The main cause of death in Tianjin residents was non-communicable disease. The top four death causes were heart disease, cancer, cerebrovascular disease and respiratory disease, accounting for 31.5%, 23.6%, 22.2% and 8.3% of the total death. The top four life expectancy lost diseases were heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cancer and respiratory disease, with a 6.46 year, 3.28 year, 3.11 year and 1.25 year life increase respectively. Conclusion Non-communicable diseases are the major reason of death and life expectancy lost disease in Tianjin residents, which needs urgent effective intervention to control.

Objective To explore the serum levels of progestrone (Prog) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEAS),and the effect of sodium valproate(VPA) and lamotrigine(LTG) on the levels of Prog and DHEAS in infantile spasms.Methods A total of 36 cases of infantile spasms (spasms group) before treatment and 40 cases health infants(control group) were detected the serum Prog and DHEAS levels by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay,and were compared with 21 cases receiving monotherapy with VPA(VPA group),and 13 cases receiving therapy plus lamotrigine(LTG group) before and 4 months after treatment to observe the changes of sex hormone.Results There were no significant differences in Prog and log(DHEAS) (logarithmic transformation) levels between spasms group and control group (P ＞0.05).The serum Prog level of baby girls and baby boys were lower after treatment than those before treatment in VPA group respectively (t =2.603,3.146 ; P =0.003,0.008,respectively).The log (DHEAS) level of baby girls and baby boys were higher in LTG group after treatment than those before treatment respectively(t =3.185,2.663 ;P =0.007,0.041).Conclusion Infantile spasms would not influence the hormone metabolism,while VPA and LTG can influence the sex hormone.The hormone level should be monitored in the treatment.