Objective:To study the optimum extraction conditions for Yaotong granules. Methods:An orthogonal test was adopted to optimize the percolation extraction process of total alkaloids by orthogonal experiment with the yield of dry extract and total extraction rate of tetrandrine and fangchinoline as the indices. Results:The optimal extraction conditions were as follows:the medicinal materials were soaked with crude powder in 60% ethanol for 48h,then percolated at the rate of 2 ml·min-1 ·kg-1 . Conclusion:The extraction technology for Yaotong granules is simple and rapid with stable results,which can provide theoretical basis for the production of Yaotong granules.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of micro-needle therapy combined with Biotrisse BTS Lumin OX and Biotrisse BTS Brightline in the treatment of melasma.Methods:From September 2019 to June 2021, 80 patients with facial chloasma, aged 28-48 (37.3±4.9) years, were selected from Nanjing Jiangning Guze Clinic. The micro-needle therapy was combined with lumin OX and brightline for 6 times, and the observation time was 120 days. The mMASI score and VISIA photos before and after treatment were used to improve the results.Results:Eighty patients with refractory melasma on the face were treated with micro-needle therapy for 7 times (1 time per week for the first 5 times, and twice a week for the 9th and 10th weeks). The photos before and after treatment were compared and the mMASI of the patients' facial chloasma was compared. The scores were analyzed statistically, and the melasma were improved to varying degrees. Before treatment, the mMASI score was 5.4±3.22; 90 days later, the mMASI was 3.22±2.16, and the score decreased significantly ( t=5.9, P<0.05); after 120 days, mMASI score was 1.6±0.68, and the score decreased significantly ( t=7.55, P<0.05). Pigmentation occurred in one patient after treatment, and hypopigmentation after repair treatment; none of the patients had adverse reactions such as hypopigmentation. All the 80 patients had different degrees of improvement in pores and skin texture. Conclusions:The combination of micro-needling with lumin OX and brightline in the treatment of chloasma has a definite effect without obvious side effects. It provides a new method for the treatment of chloasma.

Objective To investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on social function and life quality of schizophrenia in long-term hospitalization.Methods Sixty patients met with ICD-10 for schizophrenia in long-term hospitalization were enrolled in this study.The group was divided randomly into research (n =40) and control (n =40) groups.They were given rTMS or sham stimulation,respectively.The treatment was given 20 times,and the course of treatment was 4 weeks.The research and control groups were assessed with measured the scale of social function in psychosis inpatients and personal and social function scale and schizophrenia quality of life scale before and'after 4 weeks treatment.Each test result of all groups before and after treatment was compared with each other,respectively.Results Compared to rTMS before treatment,the study group scale of social function in psychosis inpatients (SSPI) total score,factor Ⅰ,Ⅱ and personal and social function scale (PSP) scores were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05),no change of SSPI factor (P ＞ 0.05);the study group Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) total score,psychological and social power,the energy scale scores were significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.05),SQLS symptoms and side effects scale showed no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).No significant change was found in the scores of project SSPI,PSP and SQLS in control group before and after treatment (P ＞ 0.05);the difference of each parameter between two groups after treatment were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation could improve on social function and life quality of schizophrenia in long-term hospitalization,rTMS could provide a new way for the individual rehabilitation of schizophrenia in long-term hospitalization.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of Shuganjieyu capsule alone or in combination with other antidepressants for the treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD).Methods Wanfang database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Chinese VIP journals database,PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,and Chinese dissertations full text database were retrieved by computers.The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Shuganjieyu capsule for the treatment of PSD from January 1995 to September 2017 were collected.After literature screening,data extraction,and methodological quality evaluation,RevMan 5.1 software was used to conduct a Meta-analysis.The bias was evaluated with the Stata 12.0 software using Begg's rank correlation and Egger's linear regression.Results A total of 19 RCTs were included,including 1 814 participants.The Meta-analysis results showed that compared with other antidepressants,there were no significant differences in the effective rate and cure rate of Shuganjieyu capsule (combinedeffects:RR=1.04 [95％ CI0.97-1.11],Z=0.99,P=0.32 and RR =1.06 [95％ CI 0.85-1.32];Z =0.52,P =0.60).Compared with other antidepressants,there were significant differences in the effective rate and cure rate of Shuganjieyu capsule in combination with other antidepressants (combined effects:RR =1.19 [95％ CI 1.13-1.26];Z =6.43,P ＜0.01 and RR =1.54 [95％ CI 1.26-1.88];Z =4.17,P ＜0.01).The incidence of adverse events of Shuganjieyu capsule alone was less than that of other antidepressants (combined effect:RR =0.39 [95％ CI 0.27-0.55];Z =5.30,P ＜ 0.01).The incidence of adverse events of Shuganjieyu capsule in combination with other antidepressants was the same as other antidepressants (combined effect:RR =0.99 [95％ CI 0.77-1.26];Z =0.10,P =0.92).Conclusions Shuganjieyu capsule is effective for post-stroke depression.The efficacy of Shuganjieyu capsule alone is as effective as other antidepressants,however,Shuganjieyu capsule in combination with other antidepressants is superior to other antidepressants,and the safety is better than other antidepressants.

Objective To study the factors leading to the increased risk of falls when the elderly cross obstacles with different load distributions in their hands, and to explore the gait strategies to prevent falls for elderly people with different load distributions during obstacle crossing. Methods Twelve young healthy (control group) and 12 elderly healthy participants performed walking tasks with or without obstacle crossing at their daily speed under different load distributions. Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals were collected from both sides of the lateral femoris, rectus femoris and medial femoris. Then the average sEMG was analyzed and compared. The numbers of contact incident during obstacle touching were also recorded. Results Age, weight carrying and obstacle all had significant influences on the activity level of lower limb muscles in elderly people. A total of 9 contact incidents occurred in 1 152 obstacle crossing tests. In addition, the contribution of right vastus medialis muscle was the greatest in the elderly and young adults when they completed the weight carrying and obstacle crossing tasks. Conclusions The elderly people had the lowest risk of falling down by taking advantage of the dominant side of the leg to take the lead in obstacle crossing under the uniform distributions of load. The research findings provide references for systematic assessment of fall risk in the elderly and have certain guiding significance for lower limb exercise or rehabilitation training in the elderly.