Objective: To test the reliability of 3 dimentional (3D) laser surface scanner for nasal anthropometry.Methods:11 plaster nasal models were measured by 3D laser surface scanner and manual measurement. The data were statistically analyzed. Results:In 9 out of the 10 parameters of nasal anthropometry,the correlation coefficient of the distances and angels measured by the 2 means was 0.856-1.000(P

Objective To compare the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine and propofol on patients with coronary heart disease undergoing noncardiac surgery.Methods 86 patients in our hospital from Sep 2009 to Sep 2011 aged 55-76 years weighing 42-60 kg,who were scheduled for epidural anesthesia in routine,were randomly assigned to 2 groups:dexmedtomidine (Dex) group and propofol group (n=43,each).Visual analogue scale/score (VAS) analgesia score and ramsay sedation score were used to observe the analgesic effect after surgery.Serum concentration of cortisol,insulin and glucose were observed and compared between Dex and propofol group before and 4,24,48h after surgery.Patient satisfaction was surveyed.Results The analgesic effect evaluated by VAS and Ramsay scores was better in Dex group than in propofol group at different time after surgery (t=5.368,2.262,7.147,5.881,7.861,4.810,all P＜0.05).Serum concentrations of cortisol,insulin and glucose were lower in Dex group than in propofol group before and 4,24,48 h after surgery (t=3.076,2.042,4.090,all P＜0.05).The satisfaction rate was 93.0％ (40/43) in Dex group.Conclusions Dexmedetomidine has a better analgesic effect than propofol,and it is safe and feasible for patients with coronary heart disease undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Objective To establish drug resistant models of temporal lobe epilepsy induced by amygdala kindling,and to investigate the changes of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (p-CREB) expression in the hippocampus tissues in order to explore their roles in drug resistant epileptogenesis.Methods Eighty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n =10) and model group (n =70).The 70 rats were used to prepare the amygdaloid kindled model of epilepsy by chronic stimulation of amygaloid basal lateral nucleus.The successful kindled models were randomly selected as drug resistant epileptic group (n =10) and drug sensitive epileptic group (n =10) according to their response to the phenytoin and phenobarbital.On the basis of behavioral observation,electrophysiology,pathological HE staining,CREB and p-CREB expression changes,we verified the reliability of the models and explored the differences among the three groups above.The changes of CREB and p-CREB expression were detected by immunohistochemical method and Western blotting assay.Results In control group,the electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency was (8.700 ±1.494) Hz;in drug sensitive epileptic group,the EEG frequency was (14.700 ± 1.159) Hz;in drug resistant epileptic group,the EEG frequency was (19.800 ± 1.686) Hz.The frequency differences among the three groups were statistically significant (F =144.202,P =0.000).By immunohistochemical staining,a large number of CREB and p-CREB positive cells were observed in drug resistant epileptic group.As compared with the control group (CREB 0.197 ±0.058,p-CREB 0.260 ±0.176),the expression levels of CREB and p-CREB were increased in drug sensitive epileptic group (CREB 0.361 ±0.151,p-CREB 0.656 ±0.234) and in drug resistant epileptic group (CREB 0.591 ± 0.150,p-CREB 1.077 ± 0.400).The difference among the three groups had statistical significance (F =24.206,20.376,both P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The expressions of CREB and p-CREB were significantly increased in drug resistant epileptic rats.These findings indicate that the expressions of CREB and p-CREB may play certain roles in the drugresistant epileptogenesis.

To investigate the estrogen receptor (ER) expression in cartilage cell in the development of osteoarthritis induced by bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig and to find their relationship. 30 two-month-old female guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups (n = 15 each): sham operation (control) group and ovariectomized group (OVX); Scanning electorne microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were obtained to analysis the cartilage degeneration of the hind limb knee joint after 6 and 12 weeks of ovariectomy. Dextran-Coated-Charcoal (DCC) was taken to quantitively detect the expression of ER. The serum levels of estrogen and gestone were detected by immune contest assay. The results showed that ER do exist in the cartilages of the guinea pigs, with higher expression in the control group than in OVX group at the same time point (P < 0.05). It was increased also at 12 th week after operation than that of preoperation. The blood serum levels of estrogen and gestone showed a similar tendency to the expression of ER. Joint cartilage degeneration detected by SEM and TEM could be found at 6 th week, but severe degenerative lesions at 12 th week in the OVX group compared with the control group (P < 0.01). The data suggested that bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig lead to severe osteoarthritis which mighgt be related to the lower serum level of estrogen and the downregulation of the expression of ER in the cartilage also.
Cartilage, Articular/cytology ; Cartilage, Articular/*metabolism ; Chondrocytes/metabolism ; Estrogens/*blood ; Osteoarthritis/*etiology ; Osteoarthritis/metabolism ; Ovariectomy ; Random Allocation ; Receptors, Estrogen/*biosynthesis ; Receptors, Estrogen/genetics

To evaluate the validity of osteoarthritis model induced by bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig, 32-month-old female guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups: a sham operation group (control group) and an ovariectomized group (OVX group). The animals were killed 6 or 12 weeks after the operation and the degeneration of the knees were assessed microscopically and histologically by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and light microscope. The serum levels of estrogen and gestone were detected by immune contest assay. The scoring of articular cartilage histopathology of tibial plateau was performed by histopathological examination. The blood serum levels of estrogen and gestone were decreased significantly in the OVX group as compared with the control group 6 or 12 weeks after the operation. Joint cartilage degeneration as detected by SEM and TEM could be found at the 6th week, but severe degenerative lesions were observed at the 12th week in the OVX group as compared with the control group (P<0.01). The histopathological score of articular cartilage in tibial plateau in OVX group was higher than that of control group, which was coincident with the changes of estrogen and the ultrastructure (P<0.01). The findings suggested that bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig can induce the severe osteoarthritis that is similar to the aging-induced OA in human. Therefore, the model of the osteoarthritis by bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig in this study is valid.

Objective:To Construct 3-D standard external nasal morphological database for nasal prostheses.Methods:12 plaster models of 6 types of external nose were prepared and scanned by a lasser scanner.The data documents were primarily saved as .asc format. The digital noses were partitioned to six areas by the nasal anatomical features: Nasal bridge area,nasal tip and collumella area,left and right dorsal areas,left and right ala nostril areas, the surface model of each area was constructed and connected to a group. With adding the background color, the surface model of external nose was visualized from any observing angles; then the nasal length and width were measured and the original data were replaced by HAN standard data.12 digital nose models with the same size were obtained and the documents were saved by each type with both .asc format and .igs format.Results:Point-cloud data and surface model data of 6 types of standard external digital noses were obtained.Conclusion:The nasal morphological database may be used as the foundation for CAD/CAM technique preparation of nasal prostheses

Objective To study the relationship between the washout speed in the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and the differentiation grading in pathology in patients with hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Totally 271 patients who underwent complete resection for hypervascular HCC from April 2009 to December 2014 at Nanchong Central Hospital were included in this study.CEUS examinations were perfomred in all patients 2-3 days before liver resection.A timer on the ultrasound screen displayed the time elapsed since the saline flush was used to determine time to washout.The washout rate were categorized into four levels based on enhancement in portal venous phase and delayed phase.The differentiation grade and the washout speed were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test.Results All 271 (100％) lesions were arterially enhanced with different washout rate.Washout speed 1 was found in 19 patients (7.0％),while speed 2 in 157 patients (57.9％),speed 3 in 65 (24.0％),and speed 4 in 30,respectively.The washout speed had a significant correlation with the differentiation (x2=179.8238,P ＜ 0.001).The faster washout speed,the higher differentiated.Washout speed 1 could distinghuish well-differentiated from the poor and moderately differentiated tumor.The sensitivity and specificity of preoperative washout speed 1 to identify well histologic grade were 98.0％ and 77.8％,the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 96.0％ and 48.8％,and the positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratiowere were 1.9 and 0.01.Washout speed 4 could distinghuish poor differentiated from well and moderately differentiated tumor The sensitivity and specificity of preoperative washout speed 4 to identify poor histologic grade were 24.3％ and 97.0％,the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value were 65.3％ and 61.3％,and the positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratiowere were 3.2 and 0.7.Conculsions Washout speed can reflect the degree of differentiation roughly.Washout speed can effectively diagnose the well-differentiated HCC,but it is difficult for moderate and poor differentiated HCC.

Objective To study the expression and clinical meaning of tight junctions protein regulator PKC θ in human meningioma tissue.Method The expression of PKC θ in 30 non-invasion and 30 invasion meningioma tissue is tested by using immunohistochemistry S-P method,with the goal of analyzing the relationship between the expression of PKC θ and pathology character.Results The positive rate ofPKC θ in invasion meningioma tissue is obviously lower than in non-invasion meningioma tissue.The difference is significant(P<0.05)Conclusions The lower expression of PKC θ in invasion meningioma tissue pmbably affects occurrence and invasion of the meningioma by ehang4ng the structure and function of TJs.

A comparative study on the cellular survival of grafts and the behavior improvement in the rats was performed following tissue transplantation of either fresh or freezing-stored adrenal medulla. The fresh or freezing-stored adrenal medullary tissues were transplanted into the head of caudate nucleus in the animal models with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the substantia nigra. Experimental groups got some improvement after operation in rotation behavior induced by apomorphine, and the differences were significant between experimental and control groups. Among the transplanted rats, those received fresh tissue seemed to show more improvement than those received freezing-stored tissue, but the statistical difference was not significant. With regard to fluorescent intensity of the adrenal cells, it showed to be stronger in the experimental group received fresh graft than the group received freezing-stored graft, but the difference was no statistically significant either. No essential difference could be found between experimental groups as to the cellular apperance and staining features in the grafts.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of portal-superior mesenteric vein resection and end-to-end anastomosis in cases of colonic carcinoma invading portal vein undergoing combined right hemicolectomy (RH) and pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) without the need of graft interposition.Methods From 2004 to 2011,5 patients underwent resection of right-sided colon and pancreaticoduodenectomy combined mesentericoportal vein resection at a length from 3 to 4 cm and end-toend anastmoses without graft.Results Surgery was successful in all 5 patients,with complete resection,no severe complications occurred,and all 5 patients were cured.Conclusions Cancers in hepatic flexure of the colon frequently infiltrates the head of the pancreas and duodenum,involving the portal vein.Conservative radical right hemicolectomy and pancreaticoduodenectomy combined long mesentericoportal vein resection and end-to-end anastmoses without graft is a reasonable and safe procedure.