Objective To identify the molecular characteristics on nucleotide and amino acid in E gene through the comparative analysis of differences between genotype 3 Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)in China and the live attenuated vaccine(SA14-14-2).Methods Obtained the E gene nucleotide sequence of Japanese encephalitis virus from GenBank.Multiple alignment and amino acid(AA)analysis were carried out by Clustal X(1.81),DNAStar and GENEDOC(3.2).According to the ribbon diagram of the E protein structure based on the model of the soluble fragment of tick-borne encephalitis virus(TBEV)as a template for Japanese encephalitis virus E protein amino acid sequence analysis.Results Compared different regions and different host genotype 3 JEV with SA14-14-2 the nucleotide sequence homology was,up 96%and 95% and the amino acid homology was up 95%and 94%,respectively.The nucleotide and amino acid homology was higher among the same area and the same host.Ten common amino acid variations and five special variations(E160 in domain Ⅰ,E123 and E227 in domain Ⅱ,E441 and E487 in non-structural domain)were found between genotype 3 JEV and SA14-14-2.Conclusion The homology in E gene was higher between genotype 3 JEV in China and SA14-14-2.Five special amino acid differences were found in genotype 3 JEV.The existing live attenuated vaccine strain is theoretically possible to protect genotype 3 JEV in China.

In the past decades, epidemiological trends of the gastric cancer and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer have changed all over the world. The morbidity and mortality of gastric cancer is on the decline, while the incidence and mortality of EGJ cancer is on the rise. This article summarizes the pathological types and the descriptive epidemiology, including the incidence, mortality, survival rate and its tendency in different gastric cancers and EGJ cancer. It also discusses the influencing factors of gastric cancer and EGJ cancer including environmental and genetic factors, which provides new ideas for the further study of the two kinds of cancers.

The West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-borne arbovirus, is also a zoonotic pathogen first isolated in the 1930s in Africa, followed by the identification of the prevalence of febrile illness caused by West Nile virus infections. In 1999, the West Nile virus was first introduced into New York City of the United States, and caused the outbreak of viral encephalitis in adults. This marked the first reported outbreak of mass adult viral encephalitis caused by West Nile virus. Subsequently, West Nile virus and its infections in humans and animals spread rapidly throughout the United States, causing a worldwide sensation. West Nile virus is currently considered the most widely distributed emerging mosquito-borne arboviruses worldwide. Humans or animals infected by mosquito bites can develop symptoms such as fever, encephalitis (meningitis), and in rare cases, present with severe pancreatitis, hepatitis, myocarditis, miscarriage, or even death, posing a huge global public health burden. This review introduces China's progress in the isolation and identification of West Nile virus, the prevalence of adult viral encephalitis, and the field surveys and laboratory investigations of the coinfection of West Nile virus and typhoid bacteria, aiming to promote the research work and control and prevention of West Nile virus and its infection in China.

Objective To elucidate the molecular basis on the differences of infectivity in infected cells between Sindbis virus(SINV:YN87448 virus)and Sindbis like virus(SINLV:XJ-160 virus).Methods Compare the E(glycoprotein)gene sequence and secondary structure of YN87448 virus and XJ-160 virus by bioinformatics analysis.Analyze the contribution of E gene to the biological differences between SINV and SINLV by constructing recombinant virus.Results By bioinformatics analysis,YN87448 virus and XJ-160 virus have the same genomic structure,which has 11 717 nt and 11 626 nt respectively.There are 82 amino acid differences between E gene of these two viruses,and showed scattered distribution.The main peak is basically the same for the hydrophobic of the E gene protein,but in some region existing small differences.The recombinant virus which exchanged the E gene of XJ-160 virus with YN87448 virus totally showed the biological character of YN87448 virus,either in the showing time of CPE,plaque forming time and plaque diameter,or in expression of functional proteins.Conclusion E gene plays a major role in the differences of infectivity in infected cells between SINV and SINLV,this result provide the molecular biological evidences for elucidating the biological differences between SINV and SINLV.

Objective To investigate the clinical features , treatment regimen , and prognosis evaluation of tertiary peritonitis (TP). Methods Seventy-eight cases with TP were randomly enrolled into 2 groups, including the simple western medicine-treated group (32 cases) and the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine-treated group (46 cases). The prognoses were evaluated according to the acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅢ (APACHEⅢ, APⅢ) scoring. Results The mortality rate was 71.9% (23 of 32) in patients received the simple western medicine and was 32.6%(15 of 46) in patients received the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine with significant difference between these two groups (P < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between AP Ⅲscore and actual mortality (r=0.73,P<0.01), and predicted mortality (r=0.76, P<0.01). Conclusions The therapeutic effect is acceptable and satisfactory for the TP patients received the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. The AP Ⅲ scoring system can be used to predict the prognosis of TP patients.

Tangdu hospital of the fourth military medical university explored the aim,method,critical points and effect for organizing a neurosurgical continuous education Journal club and summarized the key factors important for its successful organization and the improvement of its short-term and long-term educational effects in order to discover a Journal club education pattern which could satisfy the demand of for neurosurgical refresher doctors.Paying attention to these factors could better satisfy the demand of for neurosurgical refresher doctors,achieve their participating aims,promote their understanding of the advancing front of the discipline and improve their literature analyzing competence and problem solving ability.The wide application of continuous education Journal club is helpful to improve the level of neurosurgical continuing education in our country.

Objectives: To observe the drug seeking behavior in chronically morphine pretreated, abstinent rats and determine brain regions involved in this behavior. Methods: Preferences for morphine associated environments and Fos expression in some brain regions were measured 35 days after withdrawal of chronic morphine treatment. Results: The preference for the morphine environment was greatly increased by morphine pretreatment. The conditioned morphine pretreated group showed significantly higher Fos levels than either the conditioned or non conditioned control groups in the Cg, Ac C, BNST VL, ACE and ABL. Conclusions: A relationship between place preference behavior and neural indices of activation exist in the forebrain in response to morphine conditioned cues, which may be chronically modulated by prior morphine exposure.

Objective To study the clinical and genetic characteristics of keloid through investigating on four Han Chinese pedigrees.Methods The pedigree information and clinical data from Han Chinese keloid pedigrees were collected,which consisted of 22 patients in 127 family members,and then the charts of these pedigrees were constructed according to the data.Using the genetic model and pedigree analyses we summarized the clinical features of the disease in the families.Results Four Han Chinese keloid pedigrees were discovered.The three pedigree spans included 3 generations and one was 4 generations.Incidence of KD in the consanguinity family member was 23.7％ (23/93),and 20.8％ (11/53) in male KD,and 27.5％ (11/40) in female.Incidence of anterior chest KD was 40.9 ％.The inheritance pattern observed in these pedigrees was consistent with an autosomal dominant inheritance multi-gene hereditary disease with incomplete penetrance,and its nonpenetrance of KD gene carriers was 12％ (3/25).Conclusions The pattern of inheritance observed in these four Han Chinese keloid pedigrees is similar to previous reports and no gender differences are found in the incidence of disease,but differences in pathogenic site.Pedigree investigation helps to reveal the genetic characteristics of keloid.

Objective To explore the anti-inflammation, pain-relieving and bleeding-stopping effects of Veronicastrum sibiricum and its potential to be a medicinal resource of Radix clematidis.Methods Total of 120 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, including the Veronicastrum sibiricum water extract (1.5, 1.0, 0.5 g·mL-1) groups, Radix clematidis water extract (1.0 g·mL-1) group, the 0.9% sodium chloride solution group and 2% aspirin solution group.The mouse hot-plate test and writhing test were carried out to evaluate the analgesic effect.The anti-inflammation effect was observed by the xylene-attracted swelling of the mouse's ears.The bleeding time of the breaking mouse's tails was used for studying hemostatic effect.Results The Veronicastrum sibiricum could significantly increase the pain threshold of mice in hot plate.At the same dosage, the Veronicastrum sibiricum reducing the writhing times of mice was similar to Radix clematidis.Auricle swelling inhibition rate was 5.72% higher than Radix clematidis (P<0.05);The mouse tail bleeding time was 7.6% shorter than Radix clematidis (P<0.05).Conclusion The Veronicastrum sibiricum shows similar analgesic effect to Radix clematidis,and more strong hemostatic and anti-inflammation effects than Radix clematidis.

Objective:To detect the expressions of COX-2 protein and BCL-2 protein in transitional mucosa adjacent to rectal carcinoma,and determine whether the transitional mucosa was the cancer precursor event.Methods:Mucin histochemical method was employed to detect the distal mucosa 2 cm away from rectal tumor and the transitional mucosa was found in 54 cases of rectal carcinoma.Immunohistochemical method was used to investigate the expressions of BCL-2 and COX-2 protein in the specimen of rectal carcinoma mass,transitional mucosa and non-transitional mucosa,and 20 cases of normal rectal mucosa,and the points of the expressions of COX-2 protein and BCL-2 protein were counted.Results:35.19%(19/54)of distal mucosa were characterized as the transitional mucosa.The expressions of COX-2 and BCL-2 protein were detected in carcinoma mass and distal mucosa.Significant difference was observed in carcinoma mass and transitional mucosa(p<0.01).But there were no significant differences between the expressions of those in transitional mucosa and non-transitional mucosa(p>0.05),as well as transitional mucosa and normal mucosa(p>0.05).Conclusion:The performance of transitional mucosa was not the cancer precursor event,but the non-specificity reaction of carcinoma or inflammation.