The rapid mutation and widely spread of duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) lead to the vast economic loss of the duck industry. To prepare and evaluate bivalent inactivated vaccine laboratory products of DHAV, 6 strains were screened from 201 DHAV-1 strains and 38 DHAV-3 strains by using serotype epidemiological analysis in most of the duck factory. Vaccine candidate strains were selected by ELD50 and LD50 tests in the 6 strains. Continuously passaged, the 5th passaged duck embryos bodies grinding fluid was selected as vaccine virus seeds. The virus seeds were treated with formaldehyde and water in oil in water (W/O/W) emulsions, making into three batches of two bivalent inactivated vaccine laboratory products. The safety test, antibody neutralization test, challenged protection and cross immune protection experiment suggested that the vaccines possessed good safety, and neutralizing antibodies were detected at 7th day and the challenged protection rate reached 90% to 100% at the 14th and 21st day. Moreover, immune duration of ducklings lasted more than five weeks. However, cross-immunity protection experiments with DHAV-SH and DHAV-FS only had 20%-30%. The two bivalent inactivated vaccine laboratory products of duck viral hepatitis were effective and reliable, providing a new method as well as a new product for DHAV prevention and control.
Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; blood ; Ducks ; virology ; Hepatitis Virus, Duck ; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal ; prevention & control ; virology ; Neutralization Tests ; Picornaviridae Infections ; prevention & control ; veterinary ; Poultry Diseases ; prevention & control ; virology ; Vaccines, Inactivated ; immunology ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines ; immunology

Objective: To discuss the pharmaceutical care experience of clinical pharmacists in the antibacterial agents application in one patient with infection after coronary artery bypass graft ( CABG) . Methods:The clinical pharmacist participated in the treatment of the patient after CABG. According to the relevant laboratory indices and the extent of the infection combined with the vital signs of the patient, the pharmacist formulated and adjusted the anti-infection therapeutic regimen. The therapeutic effects and adverse reactions were observed as well. Results: Safte and high-quality individualized pharmaceutical service was provided to the patient by the pharmaceutical care of the clinical pharmacist in anti-infection treatment. Conclusion:Through the above practice, clinical pharmacists have played a positive role in reasonable using of anti-infective drugs in patients with cardiac surgery.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the methods of clinical pharmacists providing pharmaceutical care for a patient with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)encephalitis complicating with multiple organ infections. METHODS:Taking one clinical case as breakthrough point,the points of pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacists for NMDAR encephalitis complicat-ing with multiple organ infections were analyzed,so as to put forward the suggestions in the field of antibiotics selection,medica-tion approach based on pharmacokinetics,ADR disposal and nutrition support. RESULTS:Clinical pharmacists applied pharmaceuti-cal care to resolve ADR as abnormal liver enzyme timely,and the symptom had been improved gradually. Then the patient was dis-charged from the hospital. CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacists provide pharmaceutical care and screen the possible risk of drug use to avoid the occurrence of severe ADR.

Objective To assess the effectiveness of western routine treatments combined with Tongxinluo capsule for angina pectoris .Methods The randomized controlled trials(RCTs ) of western routine treatments combined with tongxinluo capsule for angina pectoris were collected through searching on computer from the following databases ,CNKI (2000 -2011 ) ,WanFang Data (2000 -2011) ,WeiPu Data(2000-2011) ,PubMed(2000-2011) and manual search relevant journals ,conference papers .Results A total of 11 studies were included and improvement rate of abnormal ECG were estimated in 9 studies and improvement rate of symptoms of angina were estimated in 11 studies .ECG clinical evaluation of the treatment group relative to the control group ,relative risk (RR) value was 1 .40 (95% CI:1 .28‐1 .54) ,P<0 .01 ,symptoms of angina clinical evaluation ,treatment group relative to the control group RR value of 1.25 (95% CI:1 .18‐1 .32) ,P<0 .01 .Only slight gastrointestinal discomfort were found in treatment group .Conclusion Tongxinluo capsule in combination on the basis of conventional western treatment could effectively improve the clinical efficacy and drug safety .

This paper investigates the current situation of fallout sample collection and preparation as well as radioactivity measurement methods in the Environmental Radiation Monitoring Network in China, analyzes the radioactivity levels of fallout nationwide in recent years, summarizes the problems in fallout measurement, and puts forward suggestions for improving fallout monitoring.

Objective To investigate the spatiotemporal clustering characteristics of the reported incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Gansu Province from 1993 to 2023, so as to provide insights into the containment of VL and prevention of VL recurrence. Methods County (district)-level epidemical data of VL in Gansu Province from 1993 to 2023 were collected, and the geographical information database of reported VL incidence in Gansu Province was created according to the county-level administrative code and electronic maps in Gansu Province. In addition, the spatial autocorrelation analysis and hot spot analysis of the reported VL incidence were performed in Gansu Province using the software ArcGIS 10.8. Results A total of 2 597 VL cases were reported in Gansu Province from 1993 to 2023, with an annual average incidence rate of 3.036/10⁵. Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed spatial clustering of the reported VL incidence in Gansu Province (Moran’s I = 0.605, Z = 5.240, P < 0.001), appearing high-high clustering features (Getis-Ord G = 0.080, Z = 4.137, P < 0.001), and high-high clustering of the reported incidence of VL was identified in Diebu County, Tanchang County, Zhouqu County and Wenxian County. Hot spot analysis showed hot-spot areas of the reported VL incidence in Tanchang County, Zhouqu County, Wudu District and Wenxian County along the Bailong River basins and cold-spot areas in Qin’an County and Gangu County. Conclusions There was spatial clustering and hot spots of the reported VL incidence in Gansu Province from 1993 to 2023. Intensified surveillance and control is required to prevent the spread of VL.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis in Gansu Province from 2017 to 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of the visceral leishmaniasis control strategy in the province. Methods All epidemiological features of confirmed and clinically diagnosed cases of visceral leishmaniasis reported in Gansu Province from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2023 were retrieved from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and the epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis cases were analyzed descriptively. Results A total of 280 visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported in 39 counties (cities and districts) of Gansu Province from 2017 to 2023, including 258 local cases reported in 21 endemic counties (districts) and 22 imported cases reported in 18 non-endemic areas. Of the 280 cases, there were 262 cases with mountain type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL), 12 cases with desert-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (DT-ZVL), and 6 cases with unknown type. Re-emerging MT-ZVL occurred in Maiji District, Qinzhou District, Lixian County, Kangxian County, Zhenyuan County, Qin’an County and Yongjing County, and re-emerging DT-ZVL occurred in Dunhuang City, while emerging DT-ZVL occurred in Yumen City. The five counties (districts) reporting the highest number of visceral leishmaniasis cases included Wudu District, Wenxian County, Tanchang County, Zhouqu County and Diebu County, and a total of 220 cases were reported in these five counties, accounting for 78.57% of all visceral leishmaniasis cases in the province. Visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported each month throughout the year, with the peak in July. All reported visceral leishmaniasis cases had ages of 6 months to 81 years, including 50.71% (142/280) under 15 years of age, 49.29% (138/280) at ages of 15 years and older, and of all cases under 15 years of age, children at ages of 0 to 3 years were the most commonly affected (27.14%, 76/280). Among 280 visceral leishmaniasis cases, there were 173 males and 107 females with a male to female ratio of 1.62∶1, and farmer was the most common occupation (40.36%), followed by diaspora children (37.86%). Conclusions The prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis appeared an overall tendency towards a decline in Gansu Province from 2017 to 2023; however, there are still multiple challenges for visceral leishmaniasis control in the province. Reinforced dog monitoring and management, intensified human health education and improved capability building among professionals are recommended to manage the rebounding and spread of visceral leishmaniasis.

¹⁷⁷Lu- prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radio-ligand therapy has been approved abroad for advanced prostate cancer and has been in several clinical trials in China. Based on domestic clinical practice and experimental data and referred to international experience and viewpoints, the expert group forms a consensus on the clinical application of ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer to guide clinical practice.