Acupuncture Therapy ; adverse effects ; Humans

Geographic distribution of Polyporus umbellatus was predicted by using distribution records. Based on 42 distribution records from 12 provinces and bioclimatic data (1950-2000), georaphic distribution of P. umbellatus was modeled using Maxent. The results showed thatthe Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis method was used to assess the accuracy of MAXENT model and the area under ROC curve (AUC) value of MAXENT was 0. 960 which suggested that the result of assessment was dependable. The geographic distribution pattern of were divided into three distribution block based on distribution values of 0.5-0.8: small area of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Hebei province, the board area of Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan, the southeast area of Tibet and the most area of Shanxi and Shannxi, the southeast board area of Shannxi, Gansu and Ningxia. Jackknife Test showed that average precipitation in warm seasons had the greatest contribution to the distribution gain of P. umbellatus, followed by mean temperature of driest quarter and annual mean temperature. The object suggests the potential distribution areasof P. umbellatus which is useful for the habitat conservation and introduction of P. umbellatus.
China ; Ecosystem ; Entropy ; Polyporus ; growth & development

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Adult ; Coronary Disease ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of Polyporus umbellatus sclerotial exudate. Morphological characteristics of the sclerotia and its exudate were observed during different stages of sclerotial formation. The pH of the exudate was detected at different time during cultivation. A phenol-sulfuric acid method was employed to determine the polysaccharide content of P. umbellatus sclerotial exudate during cultivating time. Additionally, the protein content was measured by means of BCA protein assay. Furthermore, CAT content was detected using ultraviolet absorption method. That the protein content of the exudate and CAT specific activity rose gradually during the passage of the cultivating time indicated a high level of oxidative stress during P. umbellatus sclerotial exudate formation. The results showed that the pH of the exudate increased gradually and then dropped down during sclerotial formation. That the pH of the exudate maintained the acidity state during the cultivation indirectly indicated that acidic environment would help sclerotial formation. The exudate produced gradually and was absorbed by the sclerotia itself.
Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fungal Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fungi ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Oxidative Stress ; Polyporus ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; metabolism

A research combined trickling filter system and active sludge aeration system was applied in the treatment of industrial wastewater from gas-generating with heavy oil. The wastewater contained both high contents of NH+4-N and mixed hydrocarbons including various PAHs. Its BOD5/COD ratio was less than 0.3 and belongs to recalcitrant, toxic wastewater. The results showed a touch-growth biofilms system was formed on the porous packing material and it played a key role in the decrease of toxicity of the influent. It could also improve the biodegradability of the wastewater.

Four small GTPase genes which may be relative to sclerotial development were firstly cloned from medicinal fungus Polyporus umbellatus using rapid amplification of cDNA end PCR (RACE) method. The results showed that full-length cDNA of PuRhoA was 698 bp contained 585 bp ORF, which was predicted to encode a 194 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of 21.75 kD with an isoelectric point (pI) of 6.44; the full length cDNA of PuRhoA2 was 837 bp in length and encoded a 194 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of 21.75 kD and an isoelectric point (pI) of 6.33; the full length cDNA of Puypt1 was 896 bp in length and encoded a 204-aa protein with a molecular weight of 22.556 kD and an isoelectric point (pI) of 5.75; the full length cDNA of PuRas was 803 bp in length and encoded a 212-aa protein with a molecular weight of 23.821 kD and an isoelectric point (pI) of 5.2. There are fani acyl transferase enzyme catalytic site and myrcene-transferase enzyme catalytic site in PuRhoA1 while the PuRhoA2 only possess myrcene-transferase enzyme catalytic site. Puypt1 contains the Rab1-Ypt1 conserved domain of small GTPase family and PuRas contains the fani acyl transferase enzyme catalytic site. According to the phylogenetic analysis all these four small GTPase clustered with basidiomycete group. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that Puypt1, PuRas and PuRhoA1 transcripts were significantly higher in the beginning of sclerotial formation than that in the mycelia, whereas the transcripts levels of PuRhoA2 gene were particularly lower in sclerotia than that in mycelia, suggesting that these four genes might be involved in P umbellatus selerotial development.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; Fungal Proteins ; genetics ; GTP Phosphohydrolases ; genetics ; Genes, Fungal ; Mycelium ; Phylogeny ; Polyporus ; enzymology ; genetics ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

To study the changes of pupil diameter and its effects during phacoemulsification. METHODS: Block design, prospective study. 60 cataract patients (60 eyes) were selected, which divided into two groups according to the age, young age group (group A, 20 eyes of 20 patients) and older age group (group B, 40 eyes of 40 patients). Two groups were all given compound tropicamide eye drops for fully mydriasis before operation, computer software to process images during operation, and according to the cornea amplification ratio measure pupil diameter during the operation phase: before the corneal tunnel incision ( t1 ) , after injection of sodium hyalurantae ( t2 ) , before artificial lens implantation (t3), at the end of the surgery ( t4 ). Statistical analysis of data using SPSS18. 0 software.RESULTS: The pupil diameter measurements of t1-t4 were followed respectively:group A were 8. 36 ± 0. 65, 8. 97±0. 50, 8. 67±0. 63, 8. 72±0. 96mm; group B were 7. 73± 0. 58, 8. 23 ± 0. 59, 7. 89 ± 0. 16, 7. 70 ± 0. 63mm. Overall comparisons between the two groups, the pupil diameter measurements had differences during the operation phase ( F = 26. 696, P< 0. 05 ). Comparisons between the two groups at different time points: the pupil diameter of t1-t4 in group A was larger than that in group B, with statistically differences (P<0. 05). The pupil diameter of each groups had a tendency to change in different operation phrases, with no statistically differences (F=2. 617,P>0. 05). Comparisons in a group at different time points: the pupil diameter of t2 was larger than that in t1, with statistically differences ( P>0. 05), the pupil diameter of t3 and t4 were decreased in group B, with statistically differences (P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON: Compound tropicamide eye drops are given for mydriasis before operation, young patients with cataract and senile patients with cataract can achieve the effect of surgery for mydriasis, the pupil stability of phacoemulsification in senile patients with cataract are lower than that in young patients with cataract.

·AlM: To investigate pathogeny and effects of surgery on paralytic strabismus.
· METHODS: A retrospective study was done in 46 patients with paralytic strabismus who underwent squint correction in our hospital from June 2010 to June 2013. Among 26 horizontal strabismus, the cases of extra rectus palsy was 16, internal rectus palsy was 10.Among all20 vertical strabismus, the cases of superior oblique palsy, superior rectus palsy, inferior rectus palsy, double elevator palsy counted for 7, 8, 2 and 3, respectively. Pathogenesis: trauma was 19 cases, followed by 10 cases that the causes could not be identified.Nine was congen ital paralytic strabismus, 8 o ccurred after nose or brain surgery. The surgery methods included rectus muscle recession, rectus muscle resection, partial rectus muscle transposition, Jensen procedure, inferior oblique myectomy and anterior transposition of inferior oblique. Statistical software SPSS10.0 was used in chi-square test between two groups, while the situation of paralysis eye movements improved by two methods in the horizontal strabismus group was compared with t test.
· RESULTS: Among all horizontal strabismus the rate of cure, improvement and inefficiency was 20 ( 77%) , 5 ( 19%) and 1 ( 4%) , respectively. Among vertical strabismus the ratio of cure, improvement and inefficiency was 15 (75%), 3 (15%) and 2 (10%).There was no significantly difference between the two groups ( P >0.05 ). The movements of paralytic eyes were improved. Two procedures used in horizontal strabismus, can improve paralysis eye movements were 3.76 ±0.91, 3.72 ±0.84mm, with no significant difference (P=0.93) statistically.
· CONCLUSlON: Paralytic strabismus in adults had complicated conditions. Choosing different operation methods in treating paralytic strabismus according to the degree of paralysis can result in satisfactory cosmetically alignment of the eyes and modify head position and diplopia.

Objective To explore the prevalence of health literacy in China in 2011-2013.Methods The eligible studies were identified by searching China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM),VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP),Wanfang database,PubMed and Embase.The Meta-analysis was applied with Stata 12.0 software.Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to test the robust of the results.Results A total of 28 studies,including 53 308 residents,were finally included in the review.Meta-analysis revealed the prevalence of health literacy in China to be 16％ (95％CI 15％-16％),and the prevalence of health concepts and knowledge was 25％ (95％CI 25％-26％),and healthy lifestyles and behaviors was 13％ (95％CI 12％-14％),and health skills was 32％ (95％CI 31％-32％).Conclusions The health literacy levels of residents showed a rising trend.There were differences between rural and urban health literacy levels and different regions.Rural residents' health literacy level increased more significantly than that of the city.Due to limited kinds of methods,more scientific and effective methods were needed to evaluate the health literacy.

OBJECTIVETo verify the regulatory effects of acupuncture on exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at stable phase.

METHODSThirty cases of COPD were randomly divided into a treatment group (16 cases) and a placebo group (14 cases). Based on specified aerobic exercise, acupuncture was applied in the treatment group and placebo acupuncture was used in the placebo group. The acupoints included Danzhong (CV 17), Rugen (ST 18), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25) and so on. The needle did not penetrate into the skin for the placebo group. The treatment was required for 2 to 3 times per week for totally 5 weeks. The indices of exercise tolerance, including 6-min walking distance (6-MWD), exercise time, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum ventilatory volume (MVV), St. George respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) were observed in two groups before and after treatment.

RESULTS(1) Exercise tolerance: the differences of 6-MWD and exercise time were statistically significant between groups, which were more superior in the treatment group (both P<0.01); the VO2max was significantly increased after treatment in the treatment group (P<0.05), but there was no difference between two groups (P>0.05). (2) Pulmonary ventilation function: the differences of FEV1%, FEV1/FVC and MVV% were statistically significant between groups, which were more superior in the treatment group (P<0.05, P<0.01); (3) SGRQ: the SGRQ was significantly improved after treatment in the treatment group (P<0.05), but there was no difference between two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe acupuncture could improve the exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at stable phase, and shorten the onset time of aerobic exercise. Besides, acupuncture combined with aerobic exercise could effectively improve the pulmonary function.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Exercise Tolerance ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; physiopathology ; therapy