Objective Based on the literatures published between 2005 and 2014,review the correlation between reward/loss of brain structure and neural network,and its relationship with physical and mental ailments,aim to reveal the neural structure and network of behavioral decision mechanism.Methods By retrieving literatures on PubMed,ScienceDirect,CNKI and Wanfang database in September 2014,we used decision making,reward,loss aversion and so on as the key words.Results Totally 40 papers were enrolled,the result reviewed the clinic meaning and the brain structure and neural network of the reward/loss process in decision making.Conclusion Most studies found the reward/loss decision making mechanism of the brain structure and the physical and mental ailments caused by the two systems imbalance,but related to the precise decision making neural mechanism has yet to be studied further.

Bone Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Pelvic Bones

Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Bone Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Bone Transplantation ; Humans

Liquid biopsy plays an important role in the process of precision medical treatment.Its clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases has being constantly proved.Colorectal cancer with high incidence begins subtly.The applicaiton of efficient early screening and diagnostic methods can effectively reduce the disease damage,and the implementation of precise post-operative and medication monitoring as the guidance for therapeutic strategy is helpful to improve the prognosis of patients.We should seize the opportunity to promote the transformation of research findings into the clinical application of colorectal cancer.Clinicians,technicians and regulators should face up and work together to overcome the challenges met during the process of clinical liquid biopsy.

Researchers have made remarkable progress in developing more advanced assays of liquid biopsy in recent year. More studies have demonstrated the tremendous potential of liquid biopsy biomarkers in changing cancer diagnosis and treatment scenarios. Facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges, scientists must achieve a vital milestone by transforming liquid biopsy from research experimental methods into a molecular diagnostic product with clear clinical utilization.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology is playing an increasingly important role in clinical precision medicine. Laboratory medicine professionals should pay attention to the universal applicability and particularity of LC-MS technology in quality management. The C62-A guideline issued by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) stipulates that LC-MS must meet the need of special 'additional quality assurance' -analytical run setting, which is worthwhile for reference. We need to establish a specific strategy for a set of standardized analytical run which is suitable for medical laboratories in China, aiming to ensure the accuracy of results of LC-MS tests.

目的探讨社会支持网络对截瘫患者的作用。方法采用问卷调查方法调查84例住院截瘫患者,对所得数据进行统计分析。结果在出现困难时,大多数患者首先想到的是求助于单位,选择求助者第1位依次为:单位领导(75%)、自己解决(13.1%)、朋友(5.9%)、律师(4.7%);第2位依次为:亲戚(36.9%)、政府部门(20.2%)、单位领导(5.9%);第3位依次为:法院(28.5%)、朋友(16.7%)、亲戚(10.7%)。结论国家、单位、各类社会团体和组织、家庭以及来自于非正式社会网络的支持应相互配合,建构完整有效的社会支持网,以使个体抵御在社会生活中所遇到的各种风险。