BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that malnutrition was associated with death of elder people after fracture of hip, but there were no above-mentioned reports in China.
OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the relationship of blood albumin, total lymphocyte count and hemoglobin levels to prognosis when elder patients with fracture of hip were on admission.
METHODS:130 elderly patients with hip fractures aged ≥ 70 years were included underwent either total hip arthroplasty or bipolar arthroplasty. Admission serum albumin, total lymphocytecount and hemoglobin levels were recorded. The patients were fol owed up for 1 year or til the death. Survival data were available in 92 patients. Rates of survival were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and the Log-Rank test. Cox proportional hazard regression model received prognostic multivariate analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Of the 92 patients, albumin<35 g/L in 20 cases (22%), total lymphocyte count<1.5×106/L in 67 cases (73%), and hemoglobin<120 g/L in 56 cases (61%). Kaplan-Meier method showed that the survival rate of patients with normal albumin (≥ 35 g/L) was significantly higher than those with reduced albumin (<35 g/L) (P<0.01). No significant difference was detected in the survival rate of patients with normal total lymphocyte count (≥ 1.5×106/L) and reduced total lymphocyte count (<1.5×106/L) (P>0.05). The survival rate of patients with normal hemoglobin (≥ 120 g/L) was significantly higher than those with decreased hemoglobin (<120 g/L) (P <0.05). Cox multivariate analysis displayed that albumin decrease is an independent prognostic factor for death of patients with hip fracture. Results indicated that the prognosis of elder patients with hip fracture was strongly associated with their nutritional conditions. Albumin and hemoglobin levels at admission can be considered as important indexes for judging patient’s prognosis.

Objective To observe the effect of wound specialist group on preventing and managing pressure ulcer in operation. Methods The knowledge about pressure ulcer and ability of risk assessment for pressure ulcer of operating room nurses were tested and the incidenc-es of pressure ulcer were compared before and after the intervention of the wound specialist group. Results After the intervention of the wound specialist group, the passing rate of nurses in operating room increased from 58.23%to 94.11%in pressure ulcer theory (χ2=29.63, P<0.001) and from 56.96%to 95.29%in new type of dressings paste (χ2=33.80, P<0.001), and the rate of pressure ulcer risk factor assessment increased from 56.38%to 93.35%(χ2=5828.07, P<0.001), accuracy of assessment increased from 56.23%to 96.78%(χ2=4674.89, P<0.001). The incidence of intraoperative acute pressure ulcer decreased from 1.5‰to 0.22‰(χ2=17.59, P<0.001). Conclusion The intervention of wound specialist group may improve the awareness of assessing risk factors of pressure ulcer in the operation room and standardize the oper-ation to prevent pressure ulcer, and reduce the incidence of pressure ulcer in operation.

BACKGROUND: Being a kind of regenerative and auto-transplanting cell, olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) has been extensively concerned on transplantation treatment for spinal disease. Concerning to the transplantation in treatment of cerebral hemorrhage, it is expected a further accumulation of experimental results at present.OBJECTIVE: To observe the proliferation of neural progenitor cells in cerebral hemorrhagic rats after OEC transplantation and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of OEC transplantation on cerebral hemorrhage.DESIGN: Completely randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: Department of Neurology of Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Research Center for Clinical Neurology , Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from March 2002 to March 2003. Thirty-two healthy male Wistar rats were employed and randomized into 2 groups, 16 rats in each. In OEC transplantation group, on the 3rd day of modeling hemorrhage of caudate nucleus, OEC suspension 10 μL was injected evenly in the brain of rat (1 μL/min). In the control group, physiological saline 10 μL was injected.METHODES: Neural function evaluation was done before transplantation,on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 30th days after transplantation successively. On the first day after modeling, 1 rat was collected from each of two groups to prepare brain tissue section. Myelin sheath blue staining was used for observation of neuronal axonal myelin sheath. Never fiber argentophil staining was used for observation of never fiber. One rat was collected from each of two groups on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 30th days after transplantation successively to prepare paraffin section. The survival and migration after OEC transplantation as well as proliferation of neural progenitor cell were observed.The count of neural progenitor cell was recorded.myelin sheath and nerve fiber after cerebral hemorrhage in rats of two function deficits on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 30th days after cerebral hemorrhage in rats of two groups.around and in hematoma on the 30th day after cerebral hemorrhage: In transplantation group, myelinated amount and nerve fiber amount were cell after cerebral hemorrhage in rats of two groups: on the 7th, 14th and 30th days after cerebral hemorrhage, the amount of neural progenitor cell in OEC transplantation group was more remarkably than that in the control group [(41.1 ±2.4)pcs/vision field, (34.5 ±1.2)pcs/vision field; (43.6±1.2)pcs/vision rield, (37.2±2.0)pcs/vision field; (19.3±1.0)pcs/vision rield, ( 14.2±0.4)pcs/videficits after cerebral hemorrhage in rats of two groups: In OEC transplantation group, on the 14th and 30th days, the evaluation was lower remarkably than the 3rd day [(2.21 ±0.20)scores, (1.50±0.21)scores, (2.74±0.21)scores, (t=2.06, 3.27, P ＜ 0.05)]. In the control group, that on the 30th day after cerebral hemorrhage was lower than that on the 3rd day [(1.96±0.12)scores ,(2.76±0.20) scores, (t=2.47, P ＜ 0.05 )].tion of intracerebral nerve cell, re-myelination and building-up synaptic system so as to recover the motor function and accelerate repair of injured tissue.

18 fungal strains including N.coenophialum,N.lolii, N.huerfanum、N.chisosum、N.aotearoae、N.sp.and 8 varieties of grass seeds belonging to Festuca arundinacea and Lolium perenne have been studied.With amplification of IS1～IS3 and F1～R1 of genomic DNA, the primers Tub-2-F～Tub-2-R from Tubulin-2 gene and F3～R3 from NC25 gene have been designed.A PCR method to detect N.coenophialum and N.lolii was established, and also a nested-PCR method to detect N.coenophialum and N.lolii in single seed was established.These PCR detection methods are strongly special and much credible and rapid-speeded.

Objective To explore the potential role of high levels of adiponectin (AD) in the inflammatory joint of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods ELISA was used to measure the levels of AD, IL-Iβ,IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, MCP-1 and MMP-9 in the synovial fluids of RA and osteroarthritis (OA), the levels of these cytokines were tested after the synovial fibroblasts (SFLs) were stimulated with AD. Doublelabeling immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of AD in RA synovium. Cytokines were measured by ELISA after SFLs were stimulated with AD. The expression of RANKL was detected by real-time PCR after MH7A were treated with AD and IL-6 ANOVA, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-tese, Spearman's-test were used for statistical analysis. Results High levels of AD in RA synovial fluids were correlated with IL-6 levels. Double labeling immunohistochemistry showed that AD was localized in fibroblasts. MCP-1 and IL-6 were dramatically increased in human synovial fibroblasts following incubation with recombinant AD for 24 h. RANKL mRNA was significantly increased in MH7A after treated with AD and IL-6. Conclusion High levels of AD in the inflammatory joints of RA are likely to contribute to the high expression of IL-6, MCP-1 and RANKL, which may play an important role in the chronic inflammation, osteoclasts activation and bone erosion in RA.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of metformin on high glucose-induced lipolysis and further elucidate the underlying mechanisms,for better understanding of metformin.Methods Adipocytes were isolated from epididymal fat pads of Sprague-Dawley rats.After isolation and digestion,packed adipocytes were divided into four groups according to the glucose and metformin in the media,control A group containing 5 mmol · L-1 glucose,control B group containing 25 mmol · L-1 glucose,test A group containing 500 μmol · L-1 metformin with 5 mmol · L-1 glucose and test B group containing 25 mmol · L-1 glucose with 500 μmol · L-1 metformin or at the concentrations as planned.After incubation,glycerol accumulated or released into the media in 30 minutes was determined by the use of a colorimetric assay and served as an index of lipolysis.The expressions of phosphorylated and total perilipin as well as adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) were examined by Western Blot.Adipose lipases activity was assayed by using an enzymatic method.Results The glycerol release in the control B and test B groups were (1.61 ± 0.08) and (0.50 ± 0.06) μmol · mL-1 packed cell volume,respectively,suggesting that metformin significantly inhibited the lipolytic action of high glucose (P ＜0.001).Such an inhibitory effect lasted from 16 h to 24 h after incubation.The adipose lipases activity in the control B and test B groups were (344.28 ± 65.98) and (200.44 ± 64.25)μmol glycerol · mg protein-1 · h-1,respectively,and thus metformin caused a 41.78％ (P ＜0.05) reduction of adipose lipases activity elevated by high glucose.Compared with control B group,metformin in test B group significantly attenuated the phosphorylation of perilipin induced by high glucose (P ＜ 0.01).However,the protein amount of total ATGL was not changed in control B group by high glucose or in test group (A and B) by metformin compared with that of control A group (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Metformin inhibits high glucose-induced lipolysis through eliminating perilipin phosphorylation and suppressing lipolytic lipases activity.We suggest that such antilipolytic effect of metformin in hyperglycemia could be a molecular basis by which metformin reduces the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue to bloodstream and thus ameliorates insulin resistance in diabetes.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; etiology ; therapy ; Benzene ; poisoning ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1)/Smad4 pathway in development of renal fibrosis in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and explore its possible mechanism.

METHODSMale Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g were divided into 5 groups: group A (normal control), group B [diabetes mellitus (DM) 2 weeks], group C (DM 4 weeks), group D (DM 8 weeks), and group E (DM 16 weeks). Except for the normal control group, other groups were induced DM by single injection of STZ (55 mg/kg) respectively. Blood glucose level, serum creatinine, and 24-hour urine protein were examined. Expressions of TGF-beta1 and Smad4 protein and mRNA in kidney were detected using immunohistochemical technique, Western blot, and real-time PCR. mRNA expressions of stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and collagen In in kidney were also detected by real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe levels of blood glucose, serum creatinine, and 24-hour urine protein in rats of group B, C, D, and E were higher than those of the control group. With the progression of renal fibrosis, the expressions of TGF-beta1 and Smad4 protein and mRNA in kidney of diabetic rats elevated. In addition, the renal MMP-3 mRNA expression diminished in diabetic rats, while TIMP-1 and collagen III mRNA increased.

CONCLUSIONSIn STZ-induced diabetic rats, the TGF-beta1/Smad4 appears to play an important role in renal fibrosis of DN. The increased expression of TGF-beta1 and Smad4 might result in the transcriptional regulation of downstream target genes of TGF-beta1/Smad4 pathway, which contributes to the progression of renal fibrosis in diabetic rats.

Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA Primers ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Kidney ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; Smad4 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; metabolism

AIMTo study the effects of 1-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamino) propane hydrochloride(DDPH) on brain ischemia injury in rats.

METHODSBy using the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced by nylon surgical thread inserted through the internal carotid artery into the anterior cerebral artery in rats, the effects of DDPH on neuron defects(ND) and infarct size(IS) were investigated. Using incomplete cerebral ischemia in rats, the effects of DDPH on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in brain tissue and pathological changes in rats were studied.

RESULTSDDPH at the dose of 10 mg.kg-1 i.p. 30 min before ischemia decreased the ND 3 h after ischemia. The IS declined 24 h after ischemia as well. Meanwhile, DDPH was found to increase SOD activity and reduce the MDA content, as well as mitigate pathological damage, of neuron after brain ischemia in rats.

CONCLUSIONDDPH showed protective effects on brain ischemia, probably related to its properties of calcium antagonistic effect and increasing the activity of superoxide dismutases.

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Phenethylamines ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Adult ; Aged ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; analysis ; Coal Mining ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; chemistry ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; metabolism ; Pneumoconiosis ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; analysis