Objective To evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of gallbladder wall thickening diseases.Methods 42 patients with gallbladder wall thickening (16 patients with carcinoma and 26 patients with benign lesion) were included in this study.All patients performed conventional MRI and DWI.The diagnostic performances of three methods (conventional MRI,visual assessment of color fusion image from DWI and T2WI,and ADC measurement) were evaluated by two radiologists.Results The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.570,0.849,0.901 for conventional MRI,visual assessment and ADC measurement respectively.The accuracy,sensitivity and specificity were 59.5%,62.5%,57.7% for conventional MRI,85.7%,81.2%,88.5% for visual assessment of color fusion image,and 83.3%,80.0%,85.2% for ADC measurement,respectivily.The mean ADC value of gallbladder cacinoma[(1.15±0.35)×10-3mm2/s]was significantly less than that of gallbladder benign lesion [(1.99±0.61)×10-3mm2/s](P<0.01).Conclusion The DWI(visual assessment of color fusion image and ADC measurement)might be a useful tool for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the gallbladder wall thickening diseases.

Objective To investigate the optimal dose of apocynin to protect severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and SAP caused intestinal injury in rats. Methods A total of 53 SPF male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups:sham operation group (SO group, n=10), SAP group (n=12), low-dose apocynin group (25 mg/kg,n=11), medium-dose apocynin group (50 mg/kg, n=10) and high-dose apocynin group (100 mg/kg,n=10). SAP model was prepared by retrograde infusing 5%sodium taurocholate (1 mL/kg) into biliopancreatic duct of rat. At thirty minutes before modeling, apocynin was injected into rat to intervention. The survival condition was recorded at 12 h after modeling, and blood samples were obtained for detecting serum amylase (AMY), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine (Cr). Pancreatic and ileal tissue samples were obtained for HE staining and pathological examination. Results Two rats died in SAP group and one died in low-dose apocynin group. The quantity of ascites, the levels of AMY, ALT, Cr and pancreatic and intestinal pathologic scores were significantly increased in SAP group than those in SO group (P<0.05). Except the levels of Cr and intestinal pathologic score, there was no significant difference between low-dose apocynin group and SAP group. The quantity of ascites ascites, levels of AMY, Cr and pancreatic and intestinal pathologic scores were significantly lower in medium-dose and high-dose apocynin groups than those in SAP group (P<0.05). The levels of ALT and Cr were significantly higher in high-dose apocynin group than those of medium-dose apocynin group (P<0.05). Conclusion Apocynin improves SAP symptoms and reduces SAP caused intestinal injury in rats, which may be related to the inhibition of NOX activity, and 50 mg/kg of apocynin is the optimal dose.

AIM:To investigate ischemia reperfusion (I/R)-induced proteomic changes in rat skeletal muscle. METHODS: Healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups as follows (n=6): sham group and I/R group. I/R of right hind limb was induced by 4 h ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion. The 2-DE was applied to separate the proteins extracted from skeletal muscle tissue at the end of experiment, followed by Coomassie Brillant blue R-250 staining. Computer image analysis was used to determine the differential expression of proteins between the two groups, and 7 protein spots expressed differentially were picked out and subjected to in-gel digest and MALDI-TOP for identification. RESULTS: 354?13 proteins were detected and the match rate was (78.7?1.4)%. 10 proteins displayed significant changes after I/R, of which, 6 proteins increased and 3 proteins decreased in expression. Moreover, 2 spots in I/R group were observed, only 1 spots of which in control. 5 proteins were identified after mass spectrometry. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) precursor, heat shock 27 kD protein (HSP27), an unnamed protein product (increased in I/R group), ?-actin (decreased in I/R group), and nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF-2) W7a mutant were found in I/R group. CONCLUSION: I/R injury induced differential proteomic changes in rat skeletal muscle. ALDH, ?-actin and HSP27 expression, and NTF-2 mutation are involved in I/R injury.

Objective To investigate how mobility training affects the synapses and their functioning in the region around a cerebral infarct.Methods One hundred and fifty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:a mo- tor training group,a normal saline group,an Ara-c inhibition group,a mevastatin group and a control group.Cere- bral infarcts were surgically induced in all 150 rats,and the level of either glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)or synaptophysin,and the cholesterol content around the infarct were observed at 7,21 and 42 days using immunohisto- chemical staining and high performance liquid chromatography.Results At 7,21 and 42 days after the infarct model was induced,significant differences in the optical density of either GFAP or synaptophysin and in cholesterol levels were noted between the motor training group and the control group.Ara-c inhibition was also significantly high- er in the controls.The optical density of synaptophysin and the cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the me- vastatin group than in the motor training group.Conclusion Motor skill training can improve synapse redefinition in rats with a model of acute cerebral infarct.Astrocytes may play a crucial role by means of the secretion of choles- terol in the region around the infarct.

OBJECTIVETo observe clinical therapeutic effect of herbs-partitioned moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) on Parkinson disease.

METHODSNinety cases of Parkinson disease were randomly divided into a treatment group (n=4) and a control group (n=36) in order of visiting. The two groups were treated with routine western medicine for treatment of Parkinson disease, and herbs-partitioned moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) was added to the treatment group. Their comprehensive therapeutic effects were observed and modified UPDRS cumulative scores were compared.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 83.3% in the treatment group, significantly better than 58.3% in the control group (P < 0.01); the modified UPDRS cumulative score was reduced by 74.1% in the treatment group, significantly better than 16.7% in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONHerbs-partitioned moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) has a certain therapeutic effect on Parkinson disease.

Objective To explore the feasibility,advantages and disadvantages of combined trans- gastric and transcolonic routes for NOTES.Methods A female swine was used in this study.Transgastric entrance was the first,followed by transeolonie entrance.A dual-channel endoscope was inserted through the porcine mouth into the gastric cavity and penetrated into the peritoneal cavity through the puncture and bal- loon dilatation of the gastric wall.Then under direct visualization through the transgastric approach,the other endoseope was advanced into the peritoneum.Using the two endoscopes inside the peritoneal cavity,collabo- rative peritoneoseopy was performed by the two endoscopists.After the examination the incisions in the stom- ach and the colon wall were closed with Endoclips.The animal was sacrificed for post-mortem examination with particular attention to the entrance sites and presence of any complications related to the access or to ma- nipulations inside the peritoneal cavity.Results No hemorrhage oecurred during the puneture and balloon dilatation or bow-knife cutting of the gastric wall or the eolonic wall.The liver was damaged while a needle knife penetrated the gastric wall.On the contrary,no organs were damaged during the needle knife penetra- ted the eolonic wall under direet visualization through the transgastric approach.It was difficult to find the gallbladder or the oviduct with a"single arm",but it was easy to see them with the double routes.It was easier to close the colonic incision than to close the gastrie wall with Endoclips.Conclusion Combined transgastric and transcolonic route for NOTES is feasible and it seems to be easier to show a target compared with a single route.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharynx ; metabolism ; Receptors, Leptin ; metabolism ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; metabolism

Professor SUN Liu-he has been engaged in scientific research, clinical and teaching works for tens years and he is a meticulous scholar with great learning, rich clinical experience and great theoretical attainments. In clinical practice of many years, he summarizes and develops Kangai Plaster, Kangai Fushui Plaster, Ai tong Ling Plaster, and so on for acupoint sticking to treat tumors, and establishes Nu-needle hot-reinforcing method and Ti-Yun reducing method, enriching contents of needling methods, and he is good at application of specific points, established points and channel acupoints to treat refractory diseases with good results.
Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male ; Needles

OBJECTIVEThe same person's pulmonary venous blood volume, left atrial volume and stroke volume were measured by lung CT scans and cardiac CT angiography (CTA). Then their relationships were analyzed in order to investigate the mechanism of breathing control.

METHODSAs we described before, full pulmonary vascular (-0.6mm) volume was accurately calculated by three-dimensional imaging technology from lung CT scan; left atrial volume and stroke volume of left ventricle were calculated from the CTA data. Then the relationships among them were analyzed for estimation of the lung-artery time.

RESULTSThe total volume of lung and pulmonary vascular blood was 3486 ± 783 (2156-4418) ml, and the pulmonary vascular blood volume was 141 ± 20 (105-163) ml. The estimated pulmonary venous volume was 71 ± 10 (52-81) ml. Left atrial volume at the end diastolic was 97 ± 39 (53-165) ml, Stroke volume of left ventricle was 86 ± 16 (60-106) ml. Pulmonary venous volume and the left atrial volume were double of stroke volume(1.7-2.4).

CONCLUSIONThe estimated lung-artery time was three heart beat.

OBJECTIVEBecause the traditional loop of breathing control and regulation effect on blood circulation, there was rare study of pulmonary vein capacity. We need a noninvasive and accurate pulmonary vascular capacity measurement and analysis method.

METHODSTwelve normal volunteers were performed a total lung CT scan, image data analysis processing by computer software, the whole lungs from the apex to the base of lung with 40-50 layers by hand-cut, the connection between adjacent layers automatically by a computer simulation, the full pulmonary vascular (≥ 0.6 mm) were treated by high-accuracy three-dimensional imaging technology after removing the interference, and then calculate the whole lung and pulmonary vascular.

RESULTSThe whole lung of the 12 normal volunteers from the apex to the base of lung CT scan image layers was 530 ± 98 (range, 431-841). The total capacity of lung and pulmonary vascular blood was 3705 ± 857 (range, 2398-5383) ml, and the total volume of the pulmonary vascular blood was 125 ± 32 (range, 94-201) ml. The pulmonary vein vascular blood volume was 63 ± 16 (range, 47-100) ml.

CONCLUSIONThe method of measuring the three-dimensional imaging of pulmonary vascular capacity by analyzing lung CT scan data is available and accurate.