Left atrial volume index (LAVI) is related to systolic and diastolic function of heart .It can reflect the se‐verity of left atrial dilation and heart failure (HF) ,and is a powerful index predicting poor prognosis of HF .This article made a review on the relationship among cardiac function ,prognosis and LAVI in HF patients ,and the diag‐nostic value of LAVI for HF patients .

Objective To study cell proliferation and apoptosis of renal corpuscle in normal developing mouse.Methods PCNA immunohistochemisty method,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick endlabeling(TUNEL staining method)and light,electron microscopy were used to observe proliferation and apoptosis within corpuscle at different stages of development.Results Nearly all cells in Ⅰ and Ⅱ stages had nuclear PCNA immunolabeling.The number of PCNA immunolabeling cells during Ⅲ and Ⅳ stages was gradually decreased,and to less in Ⅴ stage.TUNEL positive cells could be easily observed before birth and identified in Ⅲ and Ⅳ stages.Electron microscope revealed that the mitotic activity was observed in all cells of Ⅰ and Ⅱ stages renal corpuscles.The mitotic phases of endothelial cells and podocytes could be seen in Ⅲ stage,but only endothelial mitotic activities in Ⅳ stage of renal corpuscle.Apoptotic activities of endothelial cell and Bowman's parietal cell were noted,predominantly in Ⅲ and Ⅳ stages.Conclusion Proliferation and apoptosis exist universally in the course of developing renal corpuscle,and supervise and control the regular development of renal corpuscle cooperatively.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of Shikani ( S) optical stylet and Macintosh (M) laryngoscope for double-lumen endotracheal tube intubation .Methods:In the study, 60 patients undergoing elective thoracic surgery were randomly allocated to group S ( n=30 ) and group M ( n=30 ) . After general anesthesia induction , the patients in group S and group M were intubated double-lumen en-dotracheal tube ( DLT) by Shikani optical stylet ( SOS) and macintosh laryngoscope respectively .Intuba-tion time, intubation attempts , cuff broken and oral mucosal or dental injury were recorded;Blood pres-sure and heart rate at baseline ( T0 ) , at the time of intubaiton onset ( T1 ) , 1 minute after intubaiton (T2), 3 minutes after intubation (T3) and 5 minutes after intubation (T3) were also recorded;Hoarse-ness and throat sore of the patients 24 hours after surgery were evaluated .Results:The intubaiton time with the SOS was faster than with the Macintosh [(37.4 ±9.7) s vs.(43.9 ±13.7) s, P=0.039] and the first attempt success rate (87%vs.80%, P=0.488) did not differ between the groups; No tube cuff broke in both the groups;Group S had fewer patients who suffered oral mucosal or dental injury than group M (8 vs.2, P=0.038);The blood pressure and heart rate at T0,T1,T2,T3 and T4 did not differ between the groups;Throat sore(7 vs.10, P=0.390) and hoarseness (5 vs.7, P=0.519) incidence did not differ between the groups .Conclusion:By comparison of the Macintosh laryngoscope , the SOS provides faster DLT intubation and causes less oral Mucosal or dental injury .

AlM:To evaluate the value of color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of traumatic retinal detachment.
METHODS: All 50 cases ( 56 eyes ) of suspicious traumatic retinal detachment from January to June in 2013 were enrolled in this study. All first received the two-dimensional ultrasound, then the color Doppler ultrasound, finally, these results were compared with the results of surgery.
RESULTS: All 56 eyes were observed intravitreal abnormal spots by the two-dimensional ultrasound, and 39 eyes were observed color blood signal by the color Doppler ultrasound. Forty eyes were approved retinal detachment by surgery.
CONCLUSlON: lt is better to display the intravitreal abnormal spots and color blood signal by the color Doppler ultrasound than by the two - dimensional ultrasound, so there is important clinical significance of the color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of traumatic retinal detachment.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Femur ; injuries ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Patellar Dislocation ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Radiography

Objective To observe the expression of cysteine rich-protein 61 (Cyr61) on renal tubular cells,to explore its effects against hypoxic induced kidney injury and the underlying mechanisms.Methods A stably Cyr61 expressed tubular cell line Cyr61-HK2 was established based on HK2 cells and recombinant Cyr61-lentivirus.BrdU incorporation assay was used for cell proliferation.The apoptosis of cells was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V and propidiumiodide staining.Western bloting was used to detect the protein expression of BAD,Akt and ERK.Results (1) Cyr61-HK2 cells displayed more proliferation ability than HK2 cells.(2) Under hypoxia condition,the apoptosis of both HK2 and Cyr61-HK2 cells increased,but the apoptosis of Cyr61-HK2 cells was lesser than HK2 cells.(3) The expression of Cyr61 led to the phosphorylation of BAD,Akt and ERK on 0 h,0.5 h,1 h (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of Cyr61 can promote cell proliferation and dampen cell apoptosis induced by hypoxia,which may be involved in the Akt/ERK signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of 1-hydroxy-2, 3, 5-trimethoxyxanthone (QGS) on acute lung injury of mice induced by ip lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods Mice were pretreated with QGS for 7 d. Murine models of acute lung injury were duplicated by injection of LPS 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally. In 12 h, the lung weight index was observed and the NO level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured with kits. The lung was also assessd for the expression of I-?B, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-Ⅱ (COX-2) using Western blotting analysis. Lung pathological changes were also observed by HE in each group. Results The lung weight index of injury lung in mice induced by LPS was decreased in 500 mg/kg QGS group (P

Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid stiffness and coronary angiography in elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD). Methods Thirty-five elderly patients with CHD who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled in the study. The carotid stiffness was measured by ultrasound, the results were compared with those in hypertension group,hyperlipemia group and healthy elderly group. Results There were significant differences in carotid tensity (8.15 ± 1.54), arteriectasis ( 0.34 ± 0.07 ) and carotid stiffness ( 640.51 ± 150.98 ) of elderly patients with CHD compared to other groups (all P＜0.05 or P ＜ 0. 01 ). There was significant correlation between coronary angiography score and carotid stiffness in elderly patients of CHD(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Conclusions There is close relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and coronary atherosclerosis in elderly patients with CHD.

BACKGROUND:Drug eluting stents(DESs)has been applied in treatment of saphenous vein grafts,but few reports are present.OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively compare the late loss and major adverse cardiac events(MACE)between DES and bare mental stents(BMS)in patients with diseased saphenous vein grafts.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The experiment,a grouping control study and follow-up observation,was performed from January 2002 to February 2007 in Beijing Luhe Hospitat and Beijing Anzhen Hospital.PARTICIPANTS:Ninety-seven consecutive patients with saphenous vein graft lesions were treated with DESs (DESgroup.n=50)or BMSs(BMS group,n=47).METHODS:All patients underwent percutaneous coronary implantation and received clinical follow-ups immediately.They were scheduled to undergo 12-month coronary angiography.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The cardiac events including death,myocardial infarction,target lesion and/or target vessel revascularization.Late lumen loss was recorded and compared between the two groups.RESULTS:There were no significant differences on the gender,age,history of bridge vessels and complication between the two groups(P>0.05).A total of 97 patients with 118 lesions localized in 105 diseased saphenous vein grafts were included:50 patients received 71 DESs for 59 lesions,whereas 47 patients received 62 BMSs for 59 lesions.Procedural success was achieved in 94.0%of patients in the DES group and 93.6%in BMS group(P=0.43).At 12 months,the cumulative incidence of MACE was significantly lower in DES group than in BMS group(1 2.0%vs.29.8%.P=0.03).Angiographic follow-up was available for 54 patients,26 patients in DES group and 28 in BMS group.Late lumen loss was significantly reduced in DES group[(0.32±0.65)mm vs.(0.79±1.23)mm,P=0.01].The DES group had a significantly lower incidence of target lesion revascularization compared with BMS group(6.0%vs.19.1%.P=0.05).By Cox regression analysis,independent predictors for MACE at 12-month follow-ups were diabetes (OR:2.37;CI:0.95 to 5.88;P=0.064),BMS(OR:2.86;CI:0.98 to 8.34;P=0.05),and stent per lesion(OR:2.92;CI:1.25 to 6.82;P=0.01).CONCLUSION:DES is superior to BMS in diseased saphenous vein grafts,and it can significantly reduce late lumen loss and MACE.

Aim To study the effect of ZD7288 on synaptic transmission in the pathway from perforant pathway (PP) fibers to CA3 region in rat hippocampus. Methods The extracellular recording technique in vivo was used to record the CA3 region field potentials. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection was applied to measure the content of amino acids in hippocampal tissues. The effect of ZD7288 and CsCl on the amplitudes of population spike (PS) in CA3 region evoked by stimulation (0.5 Hz) of the perforant pathway (PP) fibers, and the content of amino acids in hippocampal tissue were observed. Results Microinjection of ZD7288 (20, 100 and 200 nmol)and CsCl (1,5 and 10 μmol) into CA3 region decreased the population spike (PS) amplitudes in a dosedependent manner. The inhibitory effects appeared at 5 min after microinjection and lasted at least 90 min.In those rats treated with ZD7288 (100 nmol), the contents of glutamate, aspartate, glycine and GABA decreased significantly as compared to those of saline control ( all P＜0.01, except P＜0.05 for that of glycine). A similar decrease in the contents of amino acids was observed when the rats were microinjected with CsCl (5 μmol). Conclusion ZD7288 could obviously inhibit synaptic transmission in the pathway from PP fibers to CA3 region in rat hippocampus, and this action of ZD7288 may be associated with altered contents of amino acids.