0.05).Conclusion Levofloxacin treating community-acquired pneumonia than gatifloxacin have more medicine economics advantage and it is in the prior choice.

Adult ; Bronchi ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Male ; Trachea ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effects of leonurus heterophyllus injection and oxytocin and their combination applica-tion in treating postpartum hemorrhage .Methods Sixty cases of cesarean section due to the medical factors or the social factors and 54 cases of vaginal delivery were randomly divided into 3 groups by the blind method ,i .e .the leonurus heterophyllus injection group ,the oxytocin group and the leonurus heterophyllus injection plus oxytocin group .Each group was treated by the specific mode .The amounts of intraoperative bleeding and at postpartum 48 h bleeding were recorded ,and the time of the third stage of la-bor was recorded .One way Anova was used to analyze the obtained data .Results The intraoperative bleeding amounts were (1 014 .75 ± 159 .10) mL in the leonurus heterophyllus injection group and the cesarean section group ,(433 .88 ± 75 .34) mL in the leonurus heterophyllus injection plus oxytocin group and (562 .30 ± 102 .00) mL in the oxytocin group ,the difference among the groups were statistically significant(F=67 .48 ,P<0 .01) .The post hoc LSD test showed that under P<0 .05 ,LSD=109 .58 ,indi-cating the significant differences between the two groups ;in the vaginal delivery group ,no statistical difference in the total bleeding amounts ,postpartum 2 h and 2-6 h bleeding amounts had no statistical differences among 3 groups ,but the other time periods of detection had difference ,in which ,compared with the oxytocin group ,postpartum 24 h bleeding amount in the leonurus heterophyl-lus injection group was relatively less ;in the cesarean section group ,the third stage of labor had no statistical difference among 3 kinds of treatment group .Conclusion Using leonurus heterophyllus injection after vaginal delivery can reach the similar effect as oxytocin .However ,leonurus heterophyllus injection is not recommended to be exclusively used in cesarean section .

Objective To investigate the influence of ursolic acid on vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) , cycloxygen-ase-2 (COX-2), and matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) expressed in the mouse retinal ischemic model , and to explore the mecha-nisms of anti-angiogenesis.Methods Sixty 7-day clean-class C57BL/6J mice were divided randomly into 6 groups [ n =10 mice (20 eyes) per group]:blank control, model control (PBS), positive control (triamcinolone), and ursolic acid (UA) intervention (low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose).Mice in the blank control group were raised in air , and mice in other groups in(75%±2%)O2 high-oxygen environment for 5 consecutive days .Mice in the model control group and breastfeeding mice were put back in air environ-ment (21%O2 ) on the 12th day after the new-born mice to induce the generation of retinal neovascularization .When models were suc-cessful, the drug treatments were applied immediately to the corresponding groups , with injection of 3μl of sterile PBS in model control group, 3 μl of 1.5, 3.00 and 6.0 μg UA in UA intervention group, and 3 μl of triamcinolone (1 ml∶40 mg) in positive control group, respectively.All mice were killed after overdose anesthesia on the 17th day.Their eyeballs were made into samples and retinal tissue pathological sections with H-E dying method.The positive expressions of VEGF , COX-2, and MMP-2 were detected with immu-nohistochemical method .The fresh retinal tissue homogenate was prepared to detect the protein expressions of VEGF , COX-2, and MMP-2 in retinal tissue with western blot method ,and mRNA expressions of VEGF , COX-2, and MMP-2 were detected with real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) .Results According to protein and mRNA expressions of VEGF , COX-2,and MMP-2 in retinal tissue among six groups , protein expressions of VEGF , COX-2, and MMP-2 in model group were significantly higher than those in blank group ( P <0.05 ) .Each protein expression in the high UA intervention group was significantly lower than that in the model group ( P <0.05 ) .Each protein expression in the high UA intervention group was not significantly different from that in the positive group ( P >0.05 ) .Each protein expression in the high UA intervention group was significantly lower than that in the low UA intervention group( P <0.05).Conclusions UA inhibited expressions of VEGF, COX-2, and MMP-2 in retinal ischemia model .UA also played an inhibitory role in the formation of neovascularization , and this role was positively correlated with UA dose .

Objective To study the gene expressions of nestin and stem cell factor(SCF)in neurons after ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat brain. Methods Thirty-six adult female rats were subject to left middle cerebral artery occlusion for 1.5h and different hours of reperfusion. In site hybridization was used to examine the expression of nestin and SCF mRNA in the rats subjected to 2h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 2d, 3d, 7d, 14d of reperfusion and sham-operation group (n=4). Results (1) Nestin expression in cortex, striatum and extraventricular zone was weak in the sham-operation group, and increased markedly in the ischemic hemisphere compared with sham-operation group except of reperfusion 2h in cortex, 2h, 6h in striatum, 2h, 6h and 14d in extraventricular zone. (2)SCF expression in cortex, striatum and extraventricular zone was weak in the sham-operation group, and increased markedly in the ischemic hemisphere compared with sham-operation group except of reperfusion 2h, 6h, 12h in cortex, 2h, 6h in striatum, 2h and 14d in extraventricular zone. Conclusion It is suggested that SCF expression might enhance the proliferation of neural stem cells following ischemia-reperfusion in rats.

Objective To explore the effect of negative pressure attraction method of brushing and washing apply in oral care of patients with orotracheal intubation.Methods Totals of 82 oral intubation patients in ICU were randomly selected and divided into experience group ( n =42 ) and control group ( n =40 ).The traditional method of oral care was used in control group,while the negative pressure attraction method of brushing and washing was used in experience group,then,the incidence of oral infections,ventilator-associated pneumonia( VAP),dental plaque and oral mucosal injury were observed in two groups.Results The incidence of oral infections,ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP),dental plaque in experience group respectively were 7.14％,2.38％,4.76％,and that in control group were 22.50％,15.00％,32.50％,the differences were statistically significant ( x2 =3.88,4.18,10.55,respectively; P ＜ 0.05 ),while there was no significant difference in the incidence of oral mucosal injury between two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions The negative pressure attraction method of brushing and washing can effectively keep the oral clean of patients with orotracheal intubation,reduce the incidence of oral infections and ventilator-associated pneumonia and dental plaque,when compared with the traditional method of oral care.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; therapeutic use ; Cardiomyopathies ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Moricizine ; therapeutic use ; Tachycardia ; complications ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectiveTo investigate the safety and efficacy of carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) insufflation during ERCP.MethodsBetween January and August 2011,a total of 102 consecutive patients who underwent ERCP were randomized to accept CO2 insufflation ( n =52 ) of air insufflation ( n =50 ) during the procedure.ERCP was carried out with the same instrument by an expert endoscopist who was blinded to the insufflation gas used and the procedure was controlled at 30 minutes to 1 hour.The heart rate,oxygen saturation of the patient was continuously monitored during the procedure.Before the procedure and 1 hour after the end of operation,abdominal X-ray was taken to evaluate the width of intestine,and the degree of intestinal expansion was defined as normal,mild,moderate and severe according to the width increased.A questionnaire with 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to quantify the abdominal pain and distention experienced at 1 hour,2 hours,and 6 hours after the procedure.The patients' vital signs,bowel dilatation,the average operating time,abdominal pain score and distention score on VAS,and complications in 2 groups were analyzed.ResultsThe baseline characteristics of 2 groups were comparable.ERCP was successfully performed in all the patients and no complication was observed.In CO2 group,the average operating time,mean heart rate and oxygen saturation were (45.2 ± 10.6) min,( 102.2 ± 10.3 ) bpm and ( 99.5 ± 0.5)％,which were (48.5 ± 11.2) min,( 100.3 ± 11.4) bpm and (98.9 ±0.6)％,respectively,in air group.There were no significant differences on these items between the 2 groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Moderate to severe intestinal expansion 1 hour after ERCP was found in 14 patients (26.9％ ) in CO2 group and in 28 patients (56.0％ ) in air group,and the latter was significantly higher than the former (x2 =11.61,P =0.009).Both of the mean abdominal pain and abdominal distention scores at 1 hour post-ERCP in CO2 group were lower than those in air group,but without significant difference (P ＞0.05).However,the mean abdominal pain scores at 2 hours and 6 hours post-ERCP in CO2 group were significantly lower than those of patients in air group (7.4 ±2.2 vs.18.7 ±4.6 at 2 hours post-ERCP,9.6 ±3.7 vs.20.1 ±4.5 at 6 hours post-ERCP,all P ＜ 0.05 ).Similarly,the mean abdominal distention scores at 2 hours and 6 hours post-ERCP in CO2 group were significant lower than those of patients in air group (7.6 ±3.6 vs.18.3 ±4.1 at 2 hours post-ERCP,8.9 ±3.7 vs.19.4 ±4.2 at 6 hours post-ERCP,all P ＜0.05).ConclusionThe use of CO2 insufflation instead of air during ERCP appears to be safe.Insufflation of CO2 during ERCP palliates the intestinal expansion,post-ERCP abdominal pain and distention comparison to insufflation of air.However,because of the single-center clinical observation with limited number of cases,the safety and efficacy of CO2insufflation during ERCP requires to be further evaluated.

Objective To observe the relationship of IL-10 gene single nucleotide polymorphism and the susceptibility to ALL. Methods The bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from 115 ALL patients and 323 healthy controls were collected in Peking University First Hospital and Beijing Dao-pei Hospital from January 2007 to December 2009. The DNA were extracted from all samples. The primers of -819C/T and -592A/C in the promoter region of IL-10 gene were designed for the PCR. The restrictive fragment length polymorphism of IL-10 gene was analyzed by using restrictive enzyme Msl Ⅰ and HpyCH4 Ⅲ.Sequencing was done in part of these samples to confirm the results of PCR. The differences of genotypes and allele ratio of -819 and -592 sites were analyzed between the ALL patients and healthy controls. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to detect the EB virus (EBV) infection and the expression of BCR/ABL fusion gene. The differences of genotypes and allele ratio of -819 and -592 sites were analyzed between the positive and negative group. Results The genotype ratios of -819CC, -819TT, - 819CT, -592AA,- 592CC and - 592AC were 14. 8% ( 17/115 ), 45.2% ( 52/115 ), 40. 0% ( 46/115 ), 43.5% ( 50/115 ),16. 5% ( 19/115 ), 40. 0% ( 46/115 ) in ALL patients, and were 9. 9% ( 32/323 ), 16. 4% ( 53/323 ),73.7% ( 238/323 ), 11.8% ( 38/323 ), 15.5% ( 50/323 ), 72. 8% ( 235/323 ) in the healthy controls,respectively. The genotypes of -819 and -592 sites had statistically significant differences between the two groups(x2 values were 46.000 and 54.550, all P ＜ 0. 05 ). The allele ratio of -819T and -592A were (65.2%, 150/230) and (63.5%, 146/230) in ALL patients, while they were 53.5% (344/646) and 48. 1% (311/646)in the healthy controls. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (x2 values were 9. 877 and 15.986, all P ＜ 0. 05 ). The EBV DNA were detected in 42 ALL patients,among which 22 were positive and 20 were negative. The genotype ratios of -819CC, -819TT, -819CT,-592AA, - 592CC, - 592AC in EBV positive group were 9. 1% ( 2/22 ), 40. 9% ( 9/22 ), 50. 0%(11/22) ,31.8% ( 7/22 ), 13.6% ( 3/22 ), 54. 5% ( 12/22 ), while they were 35.0% ( 7/20 ), 45.0%(9/20) ,20. 0% (4/20) ,35.0% (7/20) ,45.0% (9/20) ,20. 0% (4/20) in the EBV negative group. The genotypes of -819 and -592 sites showed no statistical differences between the two groups( all P ＞ 0. 05 ).The BCR/ABL fusion gene were detected in 36 ALL patients, among which 20 were positive and 16 were negative. The genotype ratios of - 819CC, - 819TT, - 819CT, - 592AA, - 592CC, - 592AC in BCR/ABL positive group were 0% (0/20) ,45.0% (9/20) ,55.0% ( 11/20), 45. 0% (9/20) ,5.0% (1/20) ,50. 0%( 10/20), while they were 18. 8% ( 3/16 ), 50. 0% ( 8/16), 31.3% ( 5/16 ), 50. 0% ( 8/16 ), 18. 8%(3/16), 31.3 % (5/16)in the BCR/ABL negative group. The genotypes of -819 and -592 sites showed no statistical differences between the two groups ( all P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The population with - 819TT and - 592AA genotype of IL-10 gene shows susceptibility to ALL.

Objective To study the effects of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and nitric oxide(NO) in post-asphyxial renal injury in neonatal rats.Methods Forty-eight Wistar neonatal rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:controls,2 h,24 h and 48 h post-asphyxia groups (12 in each group).The rats were decapitated in different times(2 h,24 h and 48 h) after asphyxia for 30 minutes.The renals were dissected to determined the concentrations of NO and NOS.And the scores of renal tubules were measured under light microscope.Results Compared with control group,the levels of NO and NOS significantly increased at 2 h and 24 h after asphyxia.The scores of renal tubules were significant difference at 24 h and 48 h after asphyxia compared to controls.Conclusion These findings suggest NOS and NO may play an important role in the development of post-asphyxia renal injury.