Despite different opinions on its definition and classification in the past,a consensus has gradually been reached regarding the na-ming,classification,and clinical diagnosis of liver failure.The classification of liver failure is described,and the definition and natural his-tory of severe exacerbation of hepatitis B are summarized.Antiviral treatment and artificial liver support in the early stage are beneficial for clinical outcomes and prognosis.

Objective To explore the relationship between the postoperative prophylactic antibiotics and surgical site infection rates after breast cancer surgery.Methods Retrospective review of patients with breast surgical procedures between March 2007 to March 2016 were included,267 cases only preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis as control group,and 117 cases of preoperative and postoperative prophylactic antibiotics as research group.The surgical site infection( SSI) rates were compared.Results There was no statistically significant association between research groups and control group of SSI rates for both a 30-day postoperative period and beyond.Further,There was also no statistically significant association between research groups with drains and control group with drains of SSI rates for both a 30-day postoperative period and beyond.Conclusion There is no significant relationship between postoperative prophylactic antibiotics and surgical site infection rates after breast cancer surgery.

Objective To explore the relationships of self-esteem, implicit self-esteem and perfectionism in the depressed patients. Methods Both of the depression group (n=50) and control group (n=45) completed the self-esteem scale (SES), the self-acceptance questionnaire (SAQ), the Chinese Frost multidimensional perfectionism scale (CFMPS), the implicit association test and the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices. The implicit association test were performed before (pre-IAT) and after (later-IAT) the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices. Results The SES score was lower in depression group than in control group (P=0.002). To the IAT score, the interaction effect of group and time achieved no statistically different (P=0.735). The group main effect of IAT was significant (P=0.001). The IAT score was higher in de?pression group than in control group (P=0.013). The time main effect was significant (P=0.033). The pre-IAT was higher than later-IAT (P=0.007). The depression group had higher scores of concern over mistakes (P=0.007) and doubt about action (P=0.006) dimension of CFMPS, and lower score of parental expectations (P=0.038) dimension than the control group. The later-IAT was negatively related with parental expectations dimension and the total score of CFMPS in the de?pression group (P<0.05). Depressed patients’SES and SAQ scores were negatively related with concern over mistakes and doubt about action dimension and the total score of CFMPS (P<0.05). Conclusion The instability of implicit self-es?teem of depressed patients is associated with negative perfectionism.

ObjectiveTo observe the efficacy of rehabilitation therapy for patients and experimental animals with short bowel syndrome.MethodsThirty SD rats were randomly divided into control group,short bowel group and growth hormone (GH) treatment group.Short bowel was produced by resecting 80% of the rats′ small intestine, growth hormone at a dosage of 1?U/kg?d was delivered to the rats from POD1 to POD28.Nine patients with short bowel syndrome were enrolled in the study,the average length of the small intestine was (44?24)?cm, 3 cases had also suffered a short colon.ResultsIncreased ratio of S phase cells, proliferation index and expression of proliferative cell nucleus antigen (PCNA) were observed, indicating the putative effects of exogenous GH on residual small intestinal mucosa. The mechanism of action was probably through the alteration of protooncogene C-jun. The nutritional state of the patients and the absorptive capacity of the residual intestine improved markedly. Follow up were made to 8 patients,75% of the patients have weaned TPN,25% of them need intermittent TPN supplementation.ConclusionsRehabilitation therapy provides a new and effective alternative for short bowel patients.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Infant ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; virology ; Liver ; pathology ; Male

Acceleration ; Algorithms ; Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Reference Standards ; Vibration

IL-2 gene was introduced into human erythroleukemic cell line K562 by retroviral vector. After transduction for eighteen days, flow microfluorometric analysis for DNA distribution of both K562/neo and K562/IL-2 cells indicated that transduced cells were accumulated in a state of G2M arrest. Thirty days later, the number of G2+M in K562/neo cells decreased, but proportion of G0/G1 in K562/IL-2 cells was still lower and G2+M was higher than that of nontransduced cells. The proliferative activity assay by MTT method demonstrated that the proliferation of K562/IL-2 was slow following four day culture. The index of mitosis was decreased. The results of light microscopical studies showed many giant and multinucleate giant cells with even more than twenty nuclei in each cell. It was possible that the formation of multinucleate giant cells associated with repeated endomitosis in a single cell. Further analysis of morphometry confirmed that the size of IL-2 gene modified K562 cells was increased. The ratio of giant cells was higher than that of nontransduced K562 cells. We suggested that I1-2 gene transduction might have some regulation effects on proliferative activity of K562 cells. IL-2 gene modified K562 cells might be blocked at a stage of G2.

Objective: To observe the changes of blood T-cell subpopulations, ASO,IL-6 and IL-8 in children with Tic disorder and explore the pathogenesis. Methods: T-cell subpopulations and concentration of IL-6, IL-8, ASO were measured in 52 children with tic disorder and 30 normal children using SAP and ELISA.Results:The numbers of CD3+、CD4+ and CD8+ cells had no significant difference between 32 children with tic disorder and 30 normal children, and the concentration of ASO in serum of children with tic disorder was markedly higher than those in normal children. The concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 in serum had no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion: There may be dysfunction in humoral immunity in tic disorder.

Denture stomatitis is one of the most common problems appearing after patients wearing removable dentures,which appears more frequently in maxillary complete dentures. The clinical symptom is that the mucosa of the stress-bearing area of denture base broadly gets red,and forms the boundary diffusion erythema. Sometimes when the surface of denture base and the mucosa of stress-bearing area are not close well,some granules will be found at the surface of the erythema. With the world's gradually stepping into the aging society,the number of people who have to wear removable dentures is increasing,because dentition defect or edentulous affected by any reasons. As a result,how to solve the secondary disease such as denture stomatitis is becoming a hot spot which more and more researchers concern about. This paper summaries the development of prevention of denture stomatitis in prosthetic area via selection of base materials,manufacture of denture,sterilization of denture,and improvement of base.

Objective To confirm the efficacy of the “Hourglass Pattern”of ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB). Methods Approved by the medical ethics committee,we selected 30 patients undergoing selective total hip arthroplasty (THA ) in our hospital between January and May 2014.Before neuraxial anesthesia,ultrasound-guided FICB was performed.After identification of the “Hourglass Pattern”(internal oblique muscle and the sartorius muscle),a catheter was inserted. The sheath between the fascia iliaca and the iliacus muscle was distended with 40 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine,and then a continuous infusion of ropivacaine at a rate of 10 ml /h was administered for 48 h.Loss of sensation in the distribution areas of the femoral nerve and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve within 30 min was recorded.Patients were interviewed at 4 h,8 h,12 h,24 h,36 h and 48 h after block for pain intensity.Patients’ satisfaction scores at 48 h after block and the occurrence of adverse events (infection,local anesthetic toxicity,hemorrhage and hematoma)was recorded. Results The successful rate of the block was 100% without any adverse events.The median of numerical rating pain scale (NRPS)was below 4 points at 4 h,8 h,12 h,24 h,36 h and 48 h after block,and the patients’satisfaction score was (8.0 ±0.9 )points at 48 h after block.No adverse events occurred. Conclusions Ultrasound-guided FICB by using the “Hourglass Pattern”technique can offer effective analgesia after THA.It’s a safe method and can be easily performed.