The authors report one case of primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma associated with multiple liver metastases. A patient was a 41-year-old female. In 2010, B-ultrasound examination revealed that there were multiple space-occupying lesions in the liver, and hepatic hemangiomas was considered to be the diagnosis. Then, the patient was followed up regularly. In Aug. 2013, B-ultrasound examination indicated that the hepatic lesions were significantly enlarged. Multi-detector CT scanning and MRI examination were performed, and still the diagnosis of multiple hepatic hemangiomas was suggested. On CT and MRI the lesion presented as a well-circumscribed hypervascular tumor with “fast-in and slow-out” enhancement pattern. On MRI, the lesion was characterized by multiple nodules. Needle biopsy was carried out, and the pathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis was metastatic neuroendocrine tumor. Systemic examination did not find the primary lesion. Therefore, primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma associated with intra- hepatic metastases was diagnosed. The patient was treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. The drugs used were 100 mg Oxaliplatin+one bottle of gelatin sponge particles(300-500μm)+10 ml iodized oil, and micro-pump infusion of 100 mg oxaliplatin(99 mg/h) through catheter was also employed. Clinically, primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma is extremely rare. In combination with the medical literatures, the authors attempt to make a preliminary discussion on the clinical characteristics, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cyclophosphamide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemoperfusion ; Humans ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Renal Dialysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are involved in the formation of various tissues including bone, cartilage, tendon, and ligament. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes angiogenesis by increasing the permeability and migration of endothelial cells.OBJECTIVE: To construct a co-expressing vector of human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165), and observe the expression of BMP2 and VEGF165 in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs).DESIGN: Observation control trail.SETTING: Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College and Plastic Surgery Hospital of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.MATERIALS: The MSCs derived from the healthy adult volunteers of marrow donors. pIRES-EGFP-hVEGF165 containing total length of cDNA sequence of human VEGF165 gene was provided by Dr. Cheng Ting from Plastic Surgery Hospital of Peking Union Medical College. pSP65-hBMP2 containing total length of cDNA sequence of human BMP2 gene was provided by Dr. Guo Ximin from the Academy of Military Medical Sciences. Enkaryotic expression vector pIRESneo (Clontech Company) Pyrobest DNA Polymerae, restriction enzyme, DNA ligase and plasmid extraction kit, DNA Fragment Purification Kit (TaKaRa Company), LiorfectamineTM liposome transfection kit, DMEM medium, trypase, TRIzoIRNA extraction kit (Gibco BRL), Omniscript RT kit (Qiagen), TaqplusDNA polymerase (Promega), PMSF, leupeptin, aprotinin, chymostatin (Sigma), protease inhibitor, PVDF membrane (Amersham-Pharmacia Biotech), rabbit anti-human BMP2 antibody and VEGF monoclonal antibody (Santa Cruz Company), goat anti-rabbit lgG-peroxydase (Wuhan Boster), G418 (Ameresco Company in U.S).METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College and the Plastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between June 2005 and April 2006.hBMP2 and hVEGF165 cDNA were directional cloned into multiple clone sites of the eukaryotic expression vector pIRESneo. The recombinant plasmid was identified by restrictive enzyme Xho Ⅰ/Bgl Ⅱ digestion analysis and DNA sequencing. Liposome-mediated gene transfer method was used to transfect hBMSCs. For observation, the transfected cells were divided into IRES-hBMP2-VEGF165 group, pIRES-hBMP2 group, pIRES-VEGF165 group and empty vector group, which were transfected with pIRES-hBMP2-VEGF165, pIRES-hBMP2, pIRES-VEGF165 and pIRES-neo. Meanwhile, the same number nontransfected cells were selected as blank control group. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Weszern blot were employed to observe the expression and secretion of hBMP2 and hVEGF165 gene and protein.expression vector hBMP2 and hVEGF165 gene sequence were the same as reported after restrictive enzyme EcoRI and Bgl Ⅱ digestion analysis and pIRES-BMP2 gene sequencing, which showed that the recombinant plasmid pIRES-hBMP2-VEGF165 highly expressed hBMP2-mRNA and VEGF165-mRNA, but the non-transfected or transfected with pIRES-hBMP2-VEGF165 or pIRES-hBMP2 secreted a great quantity of hBMP2, but that non-transfected or transfected with pIRES-VEGF165 or empty vector secreted only little.CONCLUSION: The co-expressing vector of hBMP2 and hVEGF165 can be expressed stably in hBMSCs.

The region of about 4.0 kb upstream of Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV) chiA gene was sequenced, in which six open reading frames(ORF1～6) were found. These ORFs are 156, 297, 540, 369, 1281, and 228 nucleotides long, encoding the proteins of 51, 98, 179, 122, 426, and 75 amino acids with the molecular weight of 6.15 kD, 11.46 kD, 21.70 kD, 14.69 kD, 47.59 kD, and 9.09 kD respectively. One early promoter motif CAGT in ORF1 and ORF3, two early promoter motifs CAGT in ORF2, one late promoter motif TAAG in ORF4 and two late promoter motifs TAAG in ORF5 were found in 5′noncoding regions of these ORFs. The polyadenylation signals, AATAAA, are located downstream of the translation stop codon of ORF1, ORF4 and ORF5. ORF4 is the homologous gene of AcMNPV ORF53, BmNPV ORF42, OpMNPV ORF56 and LdMNPV ORF54. Compared with all genes from baculoviruses, ORF1, ORF2 and ORF6 have no homologous genes. It is suggested that ORF1, ORF2 and ORF6 may be three novel baculovirus genes.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and pathological features of eosinophilic cystitis (EC),and to discuss its diagnosis and treatment.Methods The clinical and pathological data of one case of eosinophilic cystitis were reported.An 86-year-old male with gross hematuria and urinary urgency for 15 days was admitted on 16 March 2015.A computed tomography scan showed uneven thickening of the bladder wall and a nodular soft tissue on the anterior wall protruding into the bladder cavity.Results Cystoscopic examination showed diffuse thickening of the bladder with polypoid red lesions on the anterior wall.Transurethral biopsies revealed infiltrating eosinophils,which was consistent with the diagnosis of EC.The patient was then treated with anti-inflammatory drugs,corticosteroids and anti-histamine drugs.At 6 months of follow-up,the patient was asymptomatic and had no evidence of local recurrence by ultrasonography.Conclusions Eosinophilic cystitis is a rare disease without specific clinical and imaging features,which can mimic bladder tumor.The final diagnosis of this disease depends on the pathology.Transurethral resection of the lesion along with postoperative hormone and antihistamines administration are the main choices of treatment.

Objective To discuss the technique and value of preoperative reformatting with three-dimensional computed tomography technique for C_2 pedicle screw track.Methods GE Light Speed 16 Pro spinal CT scans of 15 adult dry vertebrae were loaded into an imaging station (software ADW4.2).Two methods of C_2 pedicle screw techniques were analyzed through virtual screw trajectory by VR (volume rendering) and MPR (multiple planar reformatting) techniques,in method A,screw entry point was the intersection between the media-vertical and the cranial line of C_2 inferior facet joint,in method B,the screw track was from the cranial and medial quadrant of the dorsal part of C_2 inferior facet joint.Results The screw track could be observed dynamically from any plane.Two vertebrae were ob- served with smaller height in isthmus and the medial edge of the transverse foramen since no space was a- vailable for the screw.The screw trajectories data were compared between method A and method B,which showed that the angles towards the cephalad (in sagittal plane) and midline (in transverse plane) were bigger in method A than in method B (P＜0.05,0.01),but the safe screw diameter was smaller in method A than in method B (P＜0.05),and there was no difference of the screw length between the two methods(P＜0.05 ).Conclusion In this research,the individual C_2 pedicle screw entry points, screw diameter and security screw angle can be simulated,and the screw track can be observed dynami- cally to make sure if it transits the bone structure completely.Preoperative three-dimensional computed tomography reformatting for pedicle screw track is of great value in clinical and basic researches.

Objective To evaluate short-term curative effect of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Methods Twelve cases of infra-renal abdominal aortic aneurysms were checked. Results The av-erage bleeding in the operation was 245 millimeter, the avenage hospitalization time was 8.6 days, and the average abrosia time was 1.5 days. White blood cell, hemoglobin, thrombocyte, hepatic function, and renal function were in the normal limits. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were post-poned after operation, and recovered normally within one week. Complications of operations were as follows:1 case of pulmonary infection, 2 cases of abdominal distention, and 1 case of intraoperafive endoleak. The former two kinds of complications alleviated after conventional treatment, and the latter disappeared naturally after 3 months. Conclusion Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair is safe, mini-invasive, and has little disturbance for body internal environment.

Objective:To establish the RPB5-mediating protein (RMP)-silenced stable cell lines and study the inhibitory effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting RMP gene on the proliferation and migration of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells. Methods:Three RMPi siRNAs were designed and synthesized in vitro and transfected into SMMC-7721 cells. The inhibitory effect of siRNA on RMP gene expression was measured by RT-PCR to select the best siRNA. The expression vector pGPU6-Neo-RMP-484 was transfected into SMMC-7721 cells by the lipofectamine and the cells stably expressing the siRNA were selected by G418. RT-PCR was used to detect the interference efficacy against RMP gene. Cell proliferation and adhesion were measured by MTT assay. Wound healing test was used to observe the migration ability of cells. Results:The SMMC-7721 cell lines with down-regulated RMP expression were established by using RNA interference technology. Compared with the negative control cells, expression of RMP mRNA was down-regulated by(83.67±2.56)% .The proliferation of stable-transfected cells was inhibited by(74.33±0.58)% . The adhesion capability of stable-transfected cells was enhanced but the migration capacity was decreased compared with the negative control cells. Conclusion:The pGPU6-Neo-RMP-484 cell lines with stable transfection of RMP siRNA recombinant vector are successfully screened,which can be used as a cellular model for studying the molecular mechanism of RMP. Down-regulation of RMP gene expression can effectively inhibit the proliferation, enhance the adhesion, and decrease the migration of SMMC-7721 cells.

ObjectiveTo evaluate totally laparoscopic Meckel's diverticulectomy in comparison with laparoscopic-assisted or open diverticulectomy.MethodsThe clinical data of 58 cases of Meckel's diverticulum admitted between January 2006 and January 2011 were analyzed.Cases were divided into three groups according to different period of time. As a result,totally laparoscopic surgery was performed in 13 cases,laparoscopic-assisted resection in 25 cases and open diverticulectomy in 20 cases. Totally laparoscopic group was compared with the other two groups in operation time,flatus defecation time,the incidence of postoperative complications and postoperative hospital stay.ResultsThe mean length of incision was ( 1.6 ± 0.4 ) cm,the mean operation time was ( 41 ± 5 ) min,flatus defecation time was (21.2 ±3.7) h,and the postoperative hospital stay was (6.3 ± 1.2) d in totally laparoscopic group.While that was (2.5 ± 1.2 ) m,( 38 ± 2 ) cm,( 23.6 ± 4.2 ) h,( 6.5 ± 2.3 ) d,respectively in laparoscopicassisted group,and the mean length of incision was (5.0 ± 2.2 ) cm,the mean operation time was (51 ± 6 )min,flatus defecation time was (32.3 ± 6.7) h,the postoperative hospital stay was (8.4 ± 3.8) d in open surgery group.Compared with conventional laparotomy,laparoscopic techniques enjoy advantages of minimal invasion,shorter operative time,fewer complications,shorter recovery period and earlier gastrointestinal recovery(P ＜ 0.05). There were nosignificant differences in operative time, recovery period and complications between totally laparoscopic group and laparoscopic-assisted group.ConclusionsTotally laparoscopic Meckel's diverticulectomy is safe,effective and miniinvasive in experienced hands.

Objective To observe the learning and memory ability of rats after injection of Aβ25-35 protein in different concentrations into the lateral ventricle assessed by Morris water maze test, and to explore the optimal concentration of Aβ25-35 in the preparation of AD model rats.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operated group and model group.The rats of model group received Aβ25-35 injection in concentrations of 2 μg/μL, 4 μg/μL and 8 μg/μL, respectively.According to the Rat Brain Stereotaxic Atlas, 5 μL of aggregation of Aβ25-35 was injected into the right lateral ventricle to establish the AD rat model.7 days after successful modeling, Morris water maze was used to test thechanges of learning and memory ability of the rats.Results There was no significant difference in the average swimming speed between the two groups (P > 0.05).The escape latency time of rats in the model group was significantly increasedcompared with the sham group (P < 0.05).In the model group, the escape latency time of rats treated with 4 μg/μL and 8 μg/μL Aβ25-35 was significantly increased compared with the rats injected with 2 μg/μL (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between rats treated with 4 μg/μL and 8 μg/μL Aβ25-35 (P > 0.05).The activity time and distance of target quadrant of the rats injected with different concentration of Aβ25-35in the model group were significantly reduced compared with the sham group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference amongthe rats treated with different Aβ25-35 concentrations (P > 0.05).Compared with the sham-operated group, the number of platform-crossing of rats injected with different doses of Aβ25-35in the model group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05).In the model group, the rats treated with 4 μg/μL and 8 μg/μL was significantly reduced compared with the group with 2 μg/μL injection (P < 0.05).There was no significant difference between the rats injected with 4 μg/μL and 8 μg/μL (P > 0.05).Conclusions The recommended dose and concentration of Aβ25-35 to be injected into the unilateral ventricle to establisha rat model of Alzheimer's disease is 4 μg/μL in a volume of 5 μL.