Spore suspension of Streptomyce s griseus AS 818 (10 6/mL)was radiated b y Co 60 -radiation,the radiation dosage was 1?10 4rad.And 5 streptomy cin resis tant mutants (above 50?g/mL) were screened,then the resistant level of mutant RL-4 was induced to 100?g/mL.The number of RL-4 colonizing on soybean roots pl anted on 1% Water agar or in sterile soil was determined.The results showed tha t it could colonize on soybean rhizosphere and rhizoplane for a short period,bu t there is a little difference.When it was examined in 1% Water agar,the numb er of RL-4 raised gradually in soybean rhizoplane in 4 weeks.But when examined in sterile soil,RL-4 reduced about 100 times at the 1 st week,then raised gradually and reached the highest point at the 3 rd week,and decreased aga in at the 4 th week,In the rhizoplane,it reduced gradually from the 1 st week,and couldn't be examined at the 4 th week. Mutant RL-4 couldn't be found in soybean endorhizosphere by tissue printing.

Geriatrics develops relatively late in medical education, but geriatric medical education is rapidly rising for aggravation of the aging of population.And geriatric medical education is desired of the properties medical sciences, and is also the need of the development itself. Therefore, geriatric medical education should be internationalized, to eventually form distinctive education.

Ascites ; complications ; etiology ; Heart Failure ; complications ; etiology ; Hemochromatosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Middle Aged

Adolescent ; Adult ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

Objective To evaluate the treatment methods for subtrochanteric femur fractures in children and adolescents.Methods Sixty-two patients (at age of 4-16 years) with subtrochanteric fe-mur fractures were managed with traction and delayed hip spica (14 patients, set as nonoperative group) ,titanium elastic nails or pin combined with cast (38 patients, set as less invasive group) and plates (10 patients, set as traditional operative group).The radiologic outcomes, hip joint function and complica-tions of the patients were analyzed.Results According to Beaty scoring, five patients in nonoperative group and 44 in operative group obtained satisfactory early radiologic outcomes.Late radiologic outcome was satisfactory in nine patients from nonoperative group and 46 from operative group according to Theolo-gis scoring, with statistical differences between two groups (P<0.05).Sanders scoring showed excellent results in 11 patients and good in three from nonoperative group, and excellent results in 43 and good in five from operative group, with no statistical differences between two groups (P > 0.05).Less invasive group and traditional operative group showed significantly statistical different in aspects of complications and Sanders scores (P < 0.05).Conclusions Operative treatment provides more satisfactory early and late radiologic results than nonoperative methods.Less invasive operations have better outcomes than tra-ditional operative methods.Selection of treatment modalities based on age, body weight, fracture features and soft tissue conditions of children is the prerequisite for a good outcome.

Cerebrum ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Congenital Abnormalities ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neonatology ; Osteopetrosis ; complications ; physiopathology ; Research Report ; Telencephalon ; abnormalities

AIM: To investigate the effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG) on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion(MPP+)-induced apoptosis in rat pheochromocytoma(PC12) cells and to explore the relationships between its roles of anti-oxidation,intracellular calcium homeostasis and anti-apoptosis.METHODS: Rat PC12 cells were pretreated with vehicle control or EGCG(10,50,and 100 ?mol/L) for 30 min,then cultured with MPP+(900 ?mol/L) for 24 h.The cell viability and apoptosis were monitored by MTT assay and flow cytometry using Annexin V and PI.The activity of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),contents of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA),cytoplasmic Ca2+ density and apoptotic morphology of mitochondria were examined by fluorescent plate-based assays,confocal microscope,and transmission electron microscope,respectively.RESULTS: MPP+ impaired the PC12 cells in a concentration-dependent pattern and induced apoptosis of the cells(31% versus control).Compared with the control,the cells pretreated with EGCG showed markedly higher rate of viability and lower apoptosis.Meanwhile,EGCG pretreatment significantly increased the SOD activity and decreased the levels of MDA and ROS.Interestingly,EGCG also decreased the concentration of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and improved the morphology of mitochondria.CONCLUSION: EGCG exhibits inhibitory effects on MPP+-induced apoptosis in rat PC12 cells,which is possibly associated with increasing the cell ability of anti-oxidation and decreasing the concentration of cytoplasmic Ca2+.

Objective To explore the roles of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and TGF-?1 in aldosterone-induced PAI-1 production.Methods Quiescent rat mesangial cells (MCs) were treated by aldosterone.The level of ROS in MCs induced by aldosterone was measured by confecal laser scanning microscopy and the TGF-?1 activity in the supematant of culture was measured by mink lung epithelial cell (Mvllu) proliferation inhibition MTT assay.Then,before the addition of aldosterone,MCs were pretreated with NAC or TGF-?1 neutralizing antibody to decrease cellular ROS or inhibit activity of TGF-?1 induced by aldosterone respectively.PAI-1 mRNA was examined by semi-quantification RT-PCR and PAI-1 protein by Western blotting.Results The intracellular ROS induced by aldosterone increased by 5-fold compared to that of control group,and the activity of TGF-?1 stimulated by aldosterone increased markedly.TGF-?1 neutralizing antibody and NAC effectively decreased aldosterone-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression by 30% and 32%,and PAI-1 protein expression by 21% and 11%,respectively.However,neither TGF-?1 neutralizing antibody nor NAC alone could regulate aldosterone-induced PAI-1 mRNA and protein expression to normal level in 24 hours.Conclusions ROS and TGF-?1 play important roles in up-regulation of aldosterone- induced PAI-1 in MCs.ROS and TGF-?1 are not the exclusive pathway of PAI-1 expression induced by aldosterone in MCs.

Aim To investigate the antagonistic action of EGCG on apoptosis of rat PC12 cell induced by MPP+.Methods PC12 cells were cultured and the apoptosis induced by MPP+(900 ?mol?L-1)was observed.The cells were randomly divided into 6 groups:blank group without any treatment,MPP+ control group,vitamin E group and EGCG groups(10,50,100 ?mol?L-1).After treatment of drugs,cell viability,leakage of LDH,morphological changes of mitochondria and apoptosis were detected by MTT,Hoechst 33342 staining,transmission electron microscope and flow cytometry,respectively.Results After treatment of cultured PC12 cells with MPP+,cell viability was decreased,leakage of LDH and apoptotic rate were increased,and mitochondria swelling,vacuole and cristae breakage were observed.Vitamin E and EGCG en-hanced cell viability,reduced the leakage of LDH and apoptotic rate,and decreased the damage degree of mitochondria.Conclusions EGCG possesses the ability of inhibiting rat PC12 cell apoptosis induced by MPP+,and its protective action may relate to its function of keeping mitochondria integrality.

BACKGROUND:Ultrasound therapy can relieve pain and improve the movement function in patients with knee osteoarthritis, but there lacks of consistency in the literatures of ultrasound therapy.
OBJECTIVE:To further identify the effectiveness of ultrasound therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS:Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:normal group, model group and ultrasound group. The rabbit in the normal group received no intervention;rabbits in the model group received anterior cruciate ligament transaction to establish the knee osteoarthritis model without any treatment;the rabbit in the ultrasound group received ultrasound therapy after modeling for 10 minutes once time, once per day, 0.3 W/cm2 , 1 MHz and treated for 10 times. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was conducted for histological observation of rabbit articular cartilage;western blot and reverse transcription PCR assessment were used to assess the expressions of caspases-3 and caspases-8 in rabbit articular cartilage, while Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling was used to assess the ratio of chondrocytes apoptosis of rabbit knee articular cartilage.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The normal rabbit cartilage tissues and chondrocytes were neatly arranged in column;the middle cartilage layer of the model was thin;the chondrocytes were arranged disorderly and became less. After ultrasound therapy, the chondrocytes were rearranged neatly, and the number was increased. Compared with the normal group, the Mankin scores in the model group and ultrasound group were higher;the apoptotic rate of chondrocytes was higher in the model group and ultrasound group than in the normal group, and was also higher in the model group than in the ultrasound group. Compared with the normal group, the expressions of caspases-3 and caspases-8 were higher in the model group and the ultrasound group, while decreased after ultrasound therapy. The results indicate that ultrasound can improve the structure of cartilage tissues, decrease the expressions of caspases-3 and caspases-8 and reduce the apoptosis rate of chondrocytes. It is effective for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with ultrasound therapy.