Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) is interposed between enteric neurons and smooth muscle cells in gastrointestinal muscles, it is the pacemaker cells of the gastrointestinal tract. ICC are essential for generation and regeneration of slow wave and play an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal smooth muscle. Further study of ICC has importance in realizing the physiology of gastrointestinal motor and the mechanisms of gastrointestinal motility disease.

Objective:The clinical value of used in oral cavity repair were summarized to guide clinical practice. Methods:Retrospective analysis the clinical information of 144 cases(prefabricated posts:86 cases and metal posts:58 cases) who received oral cavity repair in our hospital between January 2010 and January 2012. Discuss the applications and clinical effects. Results:After 1 to 2 ears of follow-up, into a successful repair success rate of fiber post and metal post(93.02%v.s.79.31%, P=0.015), advance into a fiber post success rate is significantly higher than metal post, Repair the cause of the failure of the two groups, however, fall off and fracture was statistically difference(x2=5.51, P<0.019), the fiber pile of biomechanics is better than metal post, loss is the main reason for the advance into the fiber pile repair failure. Conclusions:As a new material in the oral cavity repair, prefabricated posts has been widely used and is worthy of further promotion.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the status quo and tendency of TCM injection in our hospital. METHODS:Consumption sum,DDDs and DDDC of TCM injections in our hospital from 2006 to 2009 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:The consumption sum of TCM injections increased year by year. The consumption sum of TCM injection was increased by 40.24% in 2007 and 32.66% in 2008 while it was decreased by 1.84% in 2009. The proportions of consumption sum of TCM injection in total consumption sum of drugs in 4 years were 2.59%,3.43%,3.98% and 3.30% respectively,showing yearly increasing trend. CONCLUSION:The application of TCM injection in our hospital shows a reasonable increase. Clinical pharmacists have rational reaction to ADR and adverse events caused by TCM injections.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can improve disease conditions by reducing inflammation.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic efficacy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels on chronic asthma rats.
METHODS: A rat model of chronic asthma was established by intraperitonealy injected and aerosolized ovalbumin. After modeling, rats were given 4×105 and 8×105 bone marrow mesenchymal stem celsvia the tail vein, respectively. Thirty days later, the lung tissues were observed pathologicaly using hematoxylin-eosin staining; RT-qPCR and ELISA methods were employed to test the changes in interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ levels in lung tissue and peripheral blood, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rat models of chronic asthma were successfuly established after intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin combined with aerosolized ovalbumin. After 30 days of cel treatment, the structure of lung tissues were obviously recovered, and the levels of interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ showed some improvement in lung tissue and peripheral blood, but there were no differences between the two groups. In conclusion, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels show some potential role in the treatment of chronic asthma.

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of zolpidemtartrate in human plasma by SPE-HPLC. Methods:The samples were extracted by solid phase with a Hypersil BDS C18 column and determined by an internal standard method. The mobile phase was methanol:acetonitrile:water (45 ∶45 ∶110), the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, the column temperature was 35℃, and the detection wavelength was 254nm. Results:The linear relationship of zolpidemtartrate was within the range of 0. 511 5-4. 092 0 μg· ml-1 . The relative recovery was greater than 90%. The intra-and inter-day RSDs were all less than 10%. Conclusion:The method is quite simple, quick and accurate with little interference, which is suitable for the clinical determination of zolpidemtartrate.

Objective To investigate the changes of plasma levels of glucagon in cirrhotic patients and its effect in the pathogenesis of portal hemodynamics.Methods Plasma levels of glueagon were measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA)in 42 patients with liver cirrhosis and 20 healthy controls.The max diameters,mean flow velocity,flow rate of the portal vein trunks(PV)and splenic veins(SV)were detected by Color Doppler Ultrasound.Results Plasma levels of glucagon in cir- rhotic patients were significantly higher than those in controls and were increased with the severity of hepatic function im- pairment as assessed by Child-Pugh grade.Patients with ascites showed signifieanthigher plasma glucagon levels than those without ascites.Plasma levels of glueagon were positively correlated with portal vein diameters,splenic vein diame- ters and splenic vein flows.Conclusion The increase of plasma glucagon levels reflects,in part,the severity of impair- ment of hepaticfunction.In addition,it may contribute to the pathogenesis of portal hypertension.

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of chloromycetin and metronidazole in chlortalidone and metronidazole spirits. Method:The HPLC method was performed on an NOV-pak C18 (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) column and the mobile phase consisted of methanol and water (75∶25). The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·ml-1, the detection wavelength was 297nm, the temperature of column was 30℃ and the sample size was 20 μl. Result: The calibration curve of metronidazole was linear within the range of 5-80μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 7), and the average recovery was 100. 83% with RSD of 1. 82%(n=6). The cal-ibration curve of chlortalidone was linear within the range of 50-800μg·ml-1(r=0.999 7), and the average recovery was 100.2%with RSD of 0. 55%(n=6). Conclusion: The method is simple, rapid, accurate and reproducible, and can be used in the quality control of chlortalidone and metronidazole spirits.

Objective To obsevre the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at bilateral sphenopalatine ganglions in treating allergic rhinitis. Methods Patients with allergic rhinitis were selected, and then were randomly divided into bilateral group, unilateral group, and control group, with 35 cases in each group. By the end of the study, 5 cases of bilateral group, 3 cases of unilateral group, and 2 cases of control group were removed. The bilateral sphenopalatine ganglions were acupunctured simultaneously in bilateral group, and the unilateral sphenopalatine ganglion was treated by acupuncture in unilateral group, once a week, for 4 weeks. The control group received routine acupuncture on Yingxiang (LI20), Bitong (EX-HN8), Yintang (EX-HN3), and Hegu (LI4), twice a week, for 4 weeks. Rhinitis symptom scale and life quality of nasal conjunctival scale score before and after treatment in the three groups were observed. The clinical efficacy was evaluated and the adverse reactions were recorded. Results The total effective rates of bilateral group, unilateral group and control group were 93.33% (28/30), 90.63% (29/32) and 72.73% (24/33), respectively, and the bilateral group and unilateral group were better than the control group (χ2=19.507, P=0.001), without statistical significance between bilateral group and unilateral group (P>0.05). Rhinitis symptoms and life quality were improved in the three groups (P<0.05), and the bilateral group and unilateral group were better than the control group (P<0.05), without statistical significance between bilateral group and unilateral group (P>0.05). Only 1 case of subcutaneous hematoma showed in unilateral group. Conclusion Acupuncture at sphenopalatine ganglions has confirmed efficacy, and there is no difference in the efficacy between acupuncture on bilateral sphenopalatine ganglions and unilateral sphenopalatine ganglion.

Objective To compare the individual effects of three recruitment maneuvers (RM) in children with congenital heart disease complicated by postoperation acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods A prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted.Thirty-two children with congenital heart disease complicated with ARDS after open-heart surgery undergoing mechanical ventilation were randomized into three groups,to whom three different RM was respectively performed,namely sustained inflation (SI),progressively increased positive end expiratory pressure (IP) and pressure control ventilation (PCV).Blood gas analysis was done every 6 hours,and the lung RM was performed if oxygenation index (OI) ≤ 300 mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa).The OI,the dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn),as well as the parameters of hemodynamics before,during and after RM for 15,30,and 60 minutes were recorded and analyzed before and after RM.Results During the treatment process,the OI was significantly increased during the process and 15,30 or 60 minutes after RM compared with that before RM,with no statistical difference among groups (F value was 1.027,0.403,0.264,0.172,0.159,and P value was 0.367,0.671,0.769,0.843,0.853).The Cdyn at all time points in each group was also significantly increased,but there was no statistical difference among groups (F value was 0.009,0.015,0.206,0.010,0.389,and P value was 0.991,0.985,0.814,0.990,0.683).In the process of RM,the heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the children were lowered compared with those before RM [HR (bpm):131.67 ± 9.56 vs.138.93 ± 5.22 in SI group,133.27 ± 9.54 vs.140.33 ± 7.74 in IP group,137.13 ± 7.39 vs.142.40 ± 9.18 in PCV group,all P ＜ 0.01;MAP (mmHg):55.07 ± 4.43 vs.65.87 ± 4.46 in SI group,58.82 ± 6.04 vs.64.02 ± 7.65 in IP group,57.89 ± 4.71 vs.65.36 ± 5.37 in PCV group,all P ＜ 0.01],but it recovered immediately.CVP in all three groups was increased during RM [cmH2O (1 cmH2O =0.098 kPa):11.60±0.99 vs.5.53±0.74 in SI group,10.33± 1.35 vs.5.40±0.74 in IP group,10.20±0.94 vs.5.80±0.68 in PCV group,all P ＜ 0.01].There was significant difference in CVP during RM among three groups (F =7.327,P =0.002),and CVP in SI group was higher than that of other two groups (both P ＜ 0.05).CVP returned to the former level in 15 minutes after RM in IP and PCV groups,and recovered in 30 minutes in SI group.Conclusions All of the RM methods can effectively improve oxygenation and pulmonary compliance of the children with complication of ARDS,and they complement the inadequacy of lung protective ventilation.PCV and IP are more effective than SI in the uniform re-expansion of alveoli after RM and recovery of hemodynamics.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important signaling transduction components well conserved in eukaryotes and play essential roles in various physiological, developmental and hormonal responses in plant. In the present study, a MAPK gene, designated as DoMPK4 (GenBank accession No. JX297597), is identified from a rare endangered medicinal orchid species D. officinale using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) methods. The full length cDNA of DoMPK4 is 1 518 bp in length and encoded a 369 aa protein with a molecular weight of 42.42 kD and an isoelectric point of 5.55. DoMPK4 protein contained a serine/threonine protein kinase active site (158-170), a MAP kinase site (71-174), and eight conserved motifs. DoMPK4 had a transmembrane (214-232) but no signal peptide. Multiple sequence alignment showed that DoMPK4 shared high identities (74.9%-80.6%) with MAPK proteins from various plants. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that DoMPK4 belonged to group A of the MAPK evolutionary tree, and is closely related to monocots. Real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed that DoMPK4 is differentially expressed among the five organs including leaf, stem, root, seed, and protocorm-like body (PLB). The transcription level of DoMPK4 is the highest in the PLBs with 17.65 fold, followed by seeds, roots, and stems with 5.84, 2.28, and 1.64 fold, respectively. The progressive enhancement of DoMPK4 transcripts in the developing PLBs compared to that in the germinating seeds, suggests a role of DoMPK4 during the development of embryogenic PLBs formation in D. officinale.