Adolescent ; Ammonia ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans

AIM: In order to explore the role of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in acute lung injury and anti-inflammatory mechanism of glucocorticoid. METHODS: Using the acute lung injury (ALI) model of rats by intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg), the activities of AP-1 and CREB by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) in lung tissue and effects of dexamethasone on the activities were observed. RESULTS: After injection of LPS, the peak activity of AP-1 was observed at 2 hours and it returned to normal in 12 hours. CREB peak activity was at 1 hours but it did not return to normal in 12 hours. Dexamethasone significantly inhibited the activities of AP-1 and CREB. CONCLUSIONS: AP-1 and CREB may play important roles in ALI in rats. One of the important anti-inflammatory mechanisms of glucocorticoid is its transcription al modification. [

AIM: To observe the effects of dexamethasone and interleukin-10 (IL-10) on the release of proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?), IL-6 and activation of transcriptional factors, nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B), activator protein-1 (AP-1) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in cultrued human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC). METHODS: The hPBMC were divided into control group, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated group, dexamethasone and IL-10 treated group. The contents of TNF-? and IL-6 in supernatant were mensured by ELISA. The activity of NF-?B, AP-1 and CREB of nuclear abstract were analyzed by electrophoretic morbility shift assay (EMSA). RESULTS: The content of TNF-? was significantly increased 1 hour after LPS stimulation, and it was significantly inhibition by dexamethasone and IL-10. The contents of IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly increased after LPS stimulation for 12 hours. The production of IL-6 was still inhibited by dexamethasone and IL-10, but the production of IL-10 was not affected by dexamethasone. The activities of NF-?B, AP-1 and CREB were significantly increased 1 hour after LPS stimulation. Dexamethasone and IL-10 significantly ihibited their activities, but the effects of dexamethasone was stronger than that of IL-10. CONCLUSIONS: LPS induces the release of several pro and anti- inflammatory cytokines and induces the activation of several transcriptional factors in hPBMC. Dexamethasone and IL-10 can inhibite the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-?, IL-6 and the activation of NF-?B, AP-1 and CREB. Dexamthasone has more significant inhibitory effect on AP-1 and CREB than IL-10.

Objective To analyze and summarize the clinical characteristics and to evaluate the laboratory tests and therapeutic methods of pancreatic carcinoma,so as to improve the understanding pancreatic carcinoma.MethodsThree hundreds cases of pancreatic carcinoma were collected during 1995—2003 in PUMCH.Results ①The clinical systoms included weight loss(75.3%),abdominal pain(66.3%),anorexia(51.0%),jaundice(50.0%),abdominal distention(44.0%),back pain(18.0%),diarrhea(14.3%) and melena(7.7%).②The sensitivities of tumor markers to diagnose pancreatic cancer were 77.5% of CA19-9,66.0% of CA50,48.3% of CA242 and 29.7% of CEA.If CA19-9 combined with CA50,CA242 and CEA,its sensitivity was increased up to 86.0%.③The titer value of CA19-9 was significantly related with radical operation ratio(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the efifcacy of alarm treatment in a sample of China monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) children and adolescents with smaller than expected bladder capacity (EBC) for age.Methods Fifteen MNE pa-tients with a smaller than age-expected BC and without nocturia were included. All the patients were treated with enuretic alarm and water restriction 2 hours before sleep. All patients were followed up monthly. A success criterion was deifned as “14 con-secutive dry nights” after successive 2-3 months treatment. A relapse criterion was deifned as “more than two wet nights every two weeks” after therapy discontinuation. The relapsed patients were treated with enuretic alarm and followed up again.Results The patients consisted of 9 boys and 6 girls. The mean age was 9.76±4.24 years (6-15 years). Thirteen patients were successfully cured after three months treatment. Two patients discontinued the treatment and received the treatment of desmopressin. Five patients relapsed and received the enuresis alarm treatment again. Four patients had never relapsed, and one failed. The cure rate was 80%.Conclusions The enuretic alarm device is effective on MNE patients with a smaller than age-expected BC and without nocturia.

BACKGROUND:It has been a hotspot in the treatment of spinal fracture by minimaly invasive approach.Compare with open operation,minimaly invasive surgery has less trauma,less bleeding,less tissue damage and shorter hospital stay.But no clinical study focuses on the reduction effect of minimaly invasive percutaneous screw fixation and maintenance of vertebral height.OBJECTIVE:To compare the difference of minimaly invasive percutaneous screw combined with articular process bone grafting and simple screw fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture on maintaining vertebral height.METHODS:Clinical data of 79 patients with T11-L2 thoracolumbar fractures (AO type: A1,A2,A3,B1) wereretrospectively analyzed.Among them,41 cases were treated by percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with articular process bone grafting,while 38 cases were treated by percutaneous pedicle screw fixation,from January 2010 to September 2013.Perioperative indicators in the two groups,visual analogue scale scores,and Oswestry Disability Index before and after surgery,as wel as at final folow-up were compared between the two groups.The anterior and posterior of vertebral height,the recovery of Cobb's angle were evaluated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The patients in the grafting group were folowed up for 4-36 months and those in the non-grafting group were folowed up for 5-30 months,there was no significant difference in the folow-up time between the two groups (P=0.25).The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative ambulation time and hospital stay showed no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).The folow-up results showed that,no significant difference was found in visual analogue scale scores and Oswestry Disability Index between the two groups (P＞0.05).However,the anterior and posterior of vertebral height,the recovery of Cobb's angle in the grafting group were significantly better than that in the non-grafting group (P＜ 0.05).The short-term efficacy and security are similar between the two surgery methods in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture.However,minimaly invasive percutaneous screw combined with articular process bone grafting shows great advantages in recovering and maintaining the long-term stability.

Objective To study the SRSF2 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients by using high-resolution melting analysis (HRMA). Methods PCR-HRMA analysis was performed to screen SRSF2 mutations in 140 cases with AML, and the direct DNA sequencing was used to confirm the HRMA results. Results Five percent (7/140) of AML patients were found with heterozygous SRSF2 mutations, including one case of P95R mutation, two case of P95L mutation, and four cases of P95H mutation, the above mutations were confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. The maximal sensitivity of HRMA in detecting SRSF2 mutation was close to 10%. There were no difference in gender, age and blood parameters among cases with or without SRSF2 mutations (P > 0.05). The overall survival (OS) of patients with SRSF2 mutations was inferior to those without SRSF2 mutations in AML patients (P=0.016). Conclusions HRMA analysis was a convenient, rapid, specific, high-throughput technique for scanning of SRSF2 gene mutations in AML patients. SRSF2 mutation may predict the adverse prognosis in AML patients.

Objective To investigate the value of double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCEUS) in combination with three-dimension (3D) contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of benign or malignant gastric ulceration. Methods A total of 47 patients with gastric lesions were enrolled in this study. All have the pathological results, 22 of them were benign ulceration and 25 were malignant. All patients underwent DCEUS and 3D contrast-enhanced ultrasound. On the basis of oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound agents, intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound agents were given at the same time. Images and data were recorded. The arrival time (AT), time to peak (TTP), infusion time (IT), baseline intensity (BI), peak intensity (PI) and enhanced intensity (EI) were calculated using the time-intensity curve (TIC). Results All benign ulcerations were imaged as small pits with slight thicken of gastric wall [(8.66±2.87) mm] using DCEUS,while malignant lesions were relatively large irregular-shape, unevenly-bottom pits with significant thicken of gastric wall [(13.98±3.63)~(20.83±3.69) mm]. 3D-DCEUS images were analyzed for gastric mucosal folds, ulceration lesions, as well as local vascularity. All ulceration lesions showed broken of gastric mucosal folds, and malignant lesion showed thickness of gastric wall as“crater”, with rich and irregular vascularity. There were no statistical differences between benign gastric ulcerations and adjacent normal gastric wall (P>0.05). Malignant gastric ulceration were compared with adjacent normal gastric wall tissue, TTP, IT and BI had no statistical differences (P>0.05), while AT, PI, and EI had statistical differences [(9.00±2.02) s vs (10.90±2.75) s, P=0.008], [(35.46±5.77) dB vs (29.73±8.72) dB, P=0.009] and [(30.76±5.76) dB vs (23.45±6.84) dB, P=0.000]. PI and EI in malignant tumors were higher than those in benign ones (P<0.05). Conclusion DCEUS could be a new method in differentiating benign and malignant gastric ulceration, which can get both the anatomy and perfusion information of gastric wall as well as lesions. 3D-DCEUS can improve the quality of the conventional ultrasound image.

AIM:To explore the treatment methods and curative effect of amblyopia in children, and to analyze the effect of compliance on the treatment process.METHODS:The children with amblyopia treatment since January 1st 2010 in General Hospital of Jinan Military Area, were selected and completed follow-up for a total of 129 eyes of 78 patients, including 53 eyes of male in 31 cases and 76 eyes of female in 47 cases, the initial age of 3 to 12 years, the treatment were performed with accurate optometry, reasonable glasses and appropriate to cover the dominant eye based comprehensive therapy and compliance training of the parents and children.The treatment time was 12-36mo, followed up for 3a.The final therapeutic effect was observed and the difference of the stage curative effect between the children with different grade of compliance (good, moderate and poor grade) was compared.RESULTS:In the treatment of 36mo, 106 eyes were cured, 21 eyes were essentially recovered and the total cure rate was 98.4%, which was improved in 2 eyes (1.6%) and was ineffective in 0 eyes (0%);the total effective rate were 100%.The total cure rate was 69% in the treatment of 6mo and there was a significant difference in the cure rate among children with different compliance (overall comparison P<0.001, each comparison P<0.017).In the treatment of 12mo, the total cure rate was 89.1% and the cure rate were significantly different between children with the moderate compliance and the children with good compliance (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Comprehensive treatment of children with amblyopia can achieve an ideal clinical efficacy.Compliance is an important factor influencing the treatment effect and the treatment process.The parents and children`s compliance training can shorten the course of treatment and improve the curative effect.

Objective To study the effects of YinlingⅠon expelling lead and the improvement of the ability of learning memory in lead poisoned mice.Methods Poisoning model of lead was prepared by drinking water with lead acetate,and the administration of YinlingⅠor EDTA-Na_2Ca to lead poisoned mice was performed.Lead content was detected in blood, brain and bone.The ability of lear- ning and memory of mice was measured monthly by Y-water maze test. Ultrastructure of CA3 cell in hippocampus was observed with transmission electron microscope.Results After administration of YinlingⅠ,the lead content in blood, brain and bone decreased remarkably, the ability of learning and memory increased,and the ultrastructure changes of CA3 cell in hippocampus markedly dimi- nished.Conclutions YinlingⅠ may expel lead of the mice with lead poisoning and improve their ability of learning and memory.