Objective Angiotensin(AngⅡ)is an important proinflammatory mediator in the cardiovascular system.The present study is aimed at investigating the correlation between ceramide and p53 and apoptosis of human umbilical endothelial cells induced by AngⅡ.Methods Human umbilical endothelial cells were cultured in vitro and treated with AngⅡalone or in combination with Losartan(an in- hibitor of AT1),PD123319(an inhibitor of AT2),FB1(an inhibitor of ceramidase),PFT-?(an inhibitor of p53),respectively.The ap- optosis of cells was detected with TUNEL,and p53 expression at protein and mRNA was assessed with Western blotting and reverse tran- scription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Compared to AngⅡgroup,PD123319 and FB1 could inhibit endothelial cells ap- optosis induced by AngⅡat 24h;hut Losartan and PFT-?could not.Compared to the control group,no statistical difference existed be- tween PD123319 and FB1,but it did exist between Losartan and PFT-?.FB1 and PFT-?down-regulated the p53 expression at the protein and mRNA levels.Conclusion In the process of apoptosis induced by AngⅡ,AngⅡcan induce the activation of ceramide by binding with AT2.AT2 and Ceramide play a key role in the endothelial cells apoptosis induced by AngⅡ.Ceramide may be situated in the upper stream of p53 and induce the apoptosis by p53 pathway.

Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures

Camptothecin is known to possess a broad spectrum of anticancer activities, however due to its high toxicity and low solubility in water, camptothecin is severely limited in clinic. To optimize the effects of camptothecin in the treatment of malignancies, besides the structural modification and reconstruction of camptothecin, the establishment of new drug delivery systems becomes a hot topic in the camptothecin research. This paper aims to summarize the advanced progress in the delivery system and function of camptothecin at recent years. The advances in improving the poor solubility, lactone ring instability, controlled release systems and targeting delivery systems of camptothecin are also reviewed. As the related methods and technologies are improved and developed, camptothecin will be a group of prospective anticancer drugs.

Kinematical alignment during total knee arthroplasty is an emerging process, and draws more and more attentions from scholars. Knee joint is close to normal joint after TKA through kinematical alighment, which has good clinical results and functional scores, and not increase failure probility. Thus, it may increase joint stress of patella-femur joint, lead to patellar maltracking and increase abrasion. The paper summarized defination and basical principle, operative method, clinical outcomes and deficiency of kinematical alignment during total knee arthroplasty, in order to choose a better way for kinematical alignment during total knee arthroplasty.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans

Objective To observed the effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in combination of submicrobubble on ablation of breast tumor VX2 in rabbits.Methods Submicrobubble was prepared,and the appearance,distribution,diameter,and zeta potential were measured.The rabbits were injected with the tumor tissue suspension in bilateral breast tissues.HIFU(150 W,120 W,5 s,3 s) combined with submicrobubble to damage rabbit breast VX2 tumors.The coagulation necrosis was assessed by HE staining.The grayscale changes of the target area before and after HIFU irradiation were recorded automatically by computer.Results The diameter of the submicrobubble was 498.9 nm on average.HE staining showed the area of coagulation necrosis was significantly larger in the HIFU + submicrobubble group than the HIFU + PBS group.The injury range of 150 W irradiation was larger than that of 120 W irradiation,given the same irradiation time.The injury range of 5 s irradiation was larger than that of 3 s irradiation,given the same irradiation strength.The gray scale change in the target area was significantly higher in the HIFU + submicrobubble group than the HIFU + PBS group.Conclusions The submicrobubble exhibited sound imaging performance,and it can be use in the ultrasound therapeutics in the future.

Objective To explore the MRI features of ejaculatory duct obstruction.Methods During January 2003 to Dccember 2010,transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) was performed for 106 patients and underwent surgical treatment for ejaculatory duct obstruction.Among them,16 patients underwent MRI examination.The MRI features of ejaculatory duct obstruction in these patients were summarized.Results Ejaculatory duct cysts,ranging in size from 4 mm ×4 mm ×7 mm to 4 mm ×4 mm ×9 mm and locating in the paramedian line,were detected in 5 of the 16 patients; ejaculatory duct dilation located in the paramedian line was detected in 7 patients,with the internal diameter of 5 to 30 mm. After contrast injection,significant enhancement of the wall of the ejaculatory duct was observed in 2 patients.Mullerian duct cysts complicated with dilated ejaculatory duct and seminal vesicles were detected in 4 patients,in whom the cysts were located in the median line,ranging in size from 4 mm × 5 mm × 6 mm to 34 mm×35 mm ×44 mm,with inverted teardrop shaped pointing toward the seminal colliculus.ConclusionThe most common MRI features of ejaculatory duct obstruction are ejaculatory duct dilation and ejaculatory duct cysts.

Objective To investigate the imaging features of adrenal rest tumor.Methods Twelve patients of adrenal rest tumor proved by surgery or clinical diagnosis were retrospectively analyzed.Among these 12 patients,12 were examined with ultrasound,11 with MR and 1 with CT. MR and CT were performed without and with intravenous injection of contrast material.The imaging features of adrenal rest tumor were retrospectively summarized and the relevant literatures reviewed. Results The adrenal rest tumors were found in testis in 10 of the 12 patients,and in ovaries and broad ligament in the remaining two.The imaging features of the testicular adrenal rest tumor were summarized as following:all patients had bilateral testicular masses without change of the testicular contour. On ultrasonography,the lesions were hypoechoic, with some hyperechoic areas and appeared highly vascularized on Colour Doppler ultrasonography.The masses showed iso-density on plain CT,and avid enhancement on post-contrast CT images.The masses ranging in size from0.7 cm×1.0 cm×2.2 cm to 2.3 cm ×2.7 cm ×2.9 cm with uniform signal intensity,lobulated margin on MRI.They exhibited iso- or slight hyperintensity on T1 WI and hypointensity on T2WI relative to normal testicular parenchyma.The tumors showed intense enhancement on post-contrast MR images. No abnormality was detected with Colour Doppler uhrasonography and MR in 2 patients of adrenal rest tumor in ovaries and broad ligament. Conclusion Combining imaging features with the typical clinical history,the diagnosis of adrenal rest tumor could be suggested pre-operatively.

Objective To study the effect of Bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP) on hemodynamics in patients with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combined coronary heart disease.Methods One hundred patients with COPD combined coronary heart disease treated by BiPAP ventilation were enrolled.The blood gas analysis and the hemodynamics were monitored and analyzed in patients with the COPD combined coronary heart disease before treatment and after BiPAP ventilation treatment for 2 hours,24 hours,72 hours and 1 week.Results PaCO2 decreased significantly after 2-hour's treatment by BiPAP ventilation( P ＜ 0.05) and the heart rate and systolic blood pressure also decreased significantly after 24-hour's treatment by BiPAP ventilation.The left ventricurlar ejection fraction( [ 65.63 ± 6.86 ] ％ vs.[ 56.21 ±5.26]％,P ＜ 0.05 )was significantly improved after BiPAP reatilation treatment for one week.The mean pulmonary arterial pressure ( [ 3.74 ± 0.96 ] vs [ 5.12 ± 1.12 ] kPa,P ＜ 0.01 ),angina pectoris ( [ 0.20 ± 0.01 ]time/d vs [ 0.69 ± 0.03 ] time/d,P ＜ 0.05 ) were significantly decreased.Conclusion COPD combined coronary heart disease patients may achieve an optimal effect by BiPAP ventilation.BiPAP ventilation has no impact on the hemodynamics in patients with the COPD combined coronary heart disease.

ObjectiveTo study the role of chemokines and their receptors in peripheral blood in the pathogenesis of breast cancer in elderly patients.MethodsSerum levels of regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted(RANTES),macrophage inflammatory protein-3 α (MIP-3α ) and stromal cell derived factor-1(SDF-1) were determined by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in 30 elderly patients with breast cancer(breast cancer group) and 30 normal controls (control group).Meanwhile,chemokine receptors,CC chemokine receptor(CCR)5,CCR6 and CXC chemokine receptor(CXCR) 4 on peripheral blood CD3+ T-cell in two groups were analyzed by flow cytometry.ResultsSerum levels of RANTES,MIP-3 α and SDF-1 in breast cancer group were significantly higher than those in control group [ (27.9 ± 16.6) μ g/L vs.( 12.6 ± 4.2) μ g/L,( 10.9 ± 7.1 ) μ g/L vs.(5.4 ± 3.5 )μg/L,(339.4 ±94.6) ng/L vs. (195.0 ±70.8) ng/L,P ＜0.01].There was no significant difference in expressions of CCR5,CCR6 and CXCR4 on peripheral blood CD3+ T-cell between two groups(P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionThe abnormal increase of serum levels of RANTES,MIP-3 α and SDF-1 in peripheral blood may play role in the carcinogenesis and progress of breast cancer in elderly patients.

Objective To investigate technique,effect,complications of limb salvage surgery for malignant tumors of the proximal tibia involving the fibula.Methods Between November 1998 and February 2010,32 patients with malignant tumors of the proximal tibia involving the fibula underwent limb salvage surgery in our institute.There were 21 males and 11 females,aged from 10 to 66 years (average,23.4years).There were 23 cases of osteosarcoma,5 cases of chondrosarcoma,1 case of malignant giant cell tumor,and 3 cases of soft tissue sarcoma.All patients received en bloc resection of tumor including proximal tibia and fibula.During operations,ligation of anterior tibial vessels was performed in 14 patients,anastomosis of posterior tibial vessels in 1 patient,both ligation of anterior tibial vessels and anastomosis or replacement of posterior tibial vessels in 5 patients.The common peroneal nerve was resected in 4 patients,and the deep peroneal nerve was resected in 5 patients.The reconstruction methods included prosthetic replacement in 24 patients,replacement with inactivated autograft-prosthesis composite in 5 patients,and replacement with inactivated autograft in 3 patients.The caput mediale musculi gastrocnemii flap was transferred to reconstruct soft tissue defect in 14 patients,while caput laterale musculi gastrocnemii flap was transferred in 1patient.Results All patients were followed up for 11 to 159 months (average,39.4 months).Local recurrence occurred in 6 patients (18.8％).The overall 5-year survival rate was 51.2％.Fourteen patients died of tumor metastasis,2 survived with tumor,and 16 patients survived without tumor.Variant complications occurred in 15 patients (46.9％).The complications included ischemia of the lower leg in 4 patients,peroneal nerve palsy in 12 patients (permanent palsy in 9 patients and temporary palsy in 3 patients),wound healing problem in 4 patients,deep infection in 1 patient,and periprosthetic fracture in 1 patient.The mean MSTS 93 score was 21.6 points (72％).Conculusion The indications of limb salvage surgery for malignant tumors of the proximal tibia involving the fibula should be restricted.Although complications are encountered frequently,most patients have acceptable postoperative function.