Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; metabolism ; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adenosine Triphosphatases ; metabolism ; Age Factors ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; DNA Mismatch Repair ; DNA Repair Enzymes ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Mismatch Repair Endonuclease PMS2 ; MutL Protein Homolog 1 ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein ; metabolism ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Nuclear Proteins ; metabolism

Immunofluorescence histochemistry combined with retrograde tracing technique was employed to observe the effects of masseteric nerve transection on the expression of Trk ( tropomyosin-related kinase) receptor proteins, namely TrkA, TrkB and TrkC in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus ( Me5 ) of the rat. At 7 and 14 days following transection of masseteric nerve through which Fluorogold (FG) was applied to identify the Me5 neurons innervating masseter, brain sections were immunohistochemically processed to detect the three Trk isoforms in FG-labeled Me5 neurons. With the percentage of double-labeled neurons to the total number of FG-labeled neurons as the index,we demonstrated ( 1 ) a significant increase in the percentage of TrkA-immunoreactive (IR) Me5 neurons at both 7 and 14 days after nerve transection, (2) no significant, but gradual, increase in the percentage of TrkB-IR Me5 neruons with longer survival time post transection and ( 3 ) little change of TrkC expression. The current findings indicate that axotomy differently affected the expression of the individual Trk receptors and these expression patterns may reflect an adaptation of the Me5 neurons to the peripheral nerve injury.

Objective:To investigate the expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 4 (HER4) and metastasis-related protein (MMP-9) in human esophageal carcinoma tissues, and their relationship with clinicopathological features of the disease. Methods:Immunohistochemical Envision technique was applied to detect the expressions of HER4 and MMP-9 in 45 specimens of esophageal carcinoma tissues, paracancerous tissues and normal tissues. Statistical method was used to analyze the association of the positivity of HER4 with clinical pathological index and MMP-9 expression.Results:The positive rates of HER4 expression were 73.3%, 33.3%, and 2.2% in 45 specimens of esophageal carcinoma tissues, paracancerous tissues, and normal tissues, respectively. The expression of HER4 was correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P<0.01), but not correlated with histological grade (P>0.05). The expression of MMP-9 correlated with T stage, invasion depth, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Conclusion:The expression of HER4 is apparently different in esophageal carcinoma tissues, paracancerous tissues, and normal tissues. Its positive expression in esophageal carcinoma tissues is correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. The expression of MMP-9 in esophageal carcinoma tissues is correlated with the T stage, TNM staging, and lymph node metastasis. The positive expression of HER4 in esophageal carcinoma tissues is associated with the expressions of MMP-9.

The region of about 4.0 kb upstream of Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV) chiA gene was sequenced, in which six open reading frames(ORF1～6) were found. These ORFs are 156, 297, 540, 369, 1281, and 228 nucleotides long, encoding the proteins of 51, 98, 179, 122, 426, and 75 amino acids with the molecular weight of 6.15 kD, 11.46 kD, 21.70 kD, 14.69 kD, 47.59 kD, and 9.09 kD respectively. One early promoter motif CAGT in ORF1 and ORF3, two early promoter motifs CAGT in ORF2, one late promoter motif TAAG in ORF4 and two late promoter motifs TAAG in ORF5 were found in 5′noncoding regions of these ORFs. The polyadenylation signals, AATAAA, are located downstream of the translation stop codon of ORF1, ORF4 and ORF5. ORF4 is the homologous gene of AcMNPV ORF53, BmNPV ORF42, OpMNPV ORF56 and LdMNPV ORF54. Compared with all genes from baculoviruses, ORF1, ORF2 and ORF6 have no homologous genes. It is suggested that ORF1, ORF2 and ORF6 may be three novel baculovirus genes.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of prophylactic pancreatic stent placement and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs( NSAIDs) for the prevention of post?endoscopic retrograde cholangiopan?creatography(ERCP) pancreatitis(PEP). Methods A total of 623 patients with high risk factors for PEP were treated with prophylactic pancreatic stent placement ( 145 patients, group A) or rectal NSAIDs( 478 pa?tients, group B) for PEP prevention by using the propensity score matching( PSM) analysis. Incidence of PEP, moderate and severe PEP were investigated. According to risk factors of PEP, indications of prophy?lactic pancreatic stent placement were analysed. Results Of 623 patients with high risk factors, 145 pairs were generated after PSM.Pancreatitis occurred in 32 patients,10 (6?9%) in group A and 22 (15?2%) in group B( P<0?05 ) . Moderate?to?severe pancreatitis developed in 5 ( 3?4%) patients in group A and 14 (9?7%) patients in group B(P<0?05).Risk factors of post?ERCP PEP were cannulation attempts duration longer than 10 minutes, precut sphincterotomy, more than one pancreatic guidewire passages and history of ampullectomy. Conclusion Although the NSAIDs represent an easy, inexpensive treatment, prophylactic pancreatic stent placement is still a better prevention strategy for PEP.Prophylactic pancreatic stents should be recommended to those with risk factors including cannulation attempts duration longer than 10 minutes, precut sphincterotomy, more than one pancreatic guidewire passages and ampullectomy.

Carcinoma in Situ ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fallopian Tubes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Ovary ; pathology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of small endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) plus large balloon dilataion (EPLBD) for removal of common bile duct (CBD) stones larger than 12mm.Methods From June 2009 to December 2011,a total of 198 patients with CBD stones were randomly divided into two groups to receive EPLBD (n =100) or EST only (n =98).The rate of complete stone removal after the first session,the overall success rate of stone removal,the rate of using mechanical lithotripsy (ML),the rate of post procedure complication,procedure time and fluoroscopy time were compared between the two groups.Results The rate of complete stone removal after the first session in EPLBD group (89.0％) was significantly higher than that in EST group (71.4％,P ＜ 0.05).ML was required significantly more often in EST group (35.7％) compared to EPLBD group (12.0％,P ＜0.05).Total procedure time and total fluoroscopy time in EPLBD group (39.3 ± 15.8 min and 14.2 ±5.2 min) were significantly shorter than those of EST group (48.4 ± 19.3 min and 24.2 ±9.4 min,P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference between two groups in overall success rate of stone removal (97.0％ in EPLBD vs.93.9％in EST group,P ＞ 0.05) and the complications rate (8.0％ in EPLBD vs.13.3％ in ESTgroup,P ＞0.05).Conclusion EPLBD is as safe and effective as EST for common bile duct stones,larger than 12mm,and is more efficient in terms of procedure time,use of ML and success rate of stone removal.

Objective To evaluate whether small endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) plus balloon dilation (EPBD) can replace endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) alone for patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones.Methods From May 2008 to April 2011,462 patients with CBD stones were randomly divided into two groups.The success rate of complete stone removal after the first session,the rate of using mechanical lithotripsy (ML),the short-term complications,the procedure time and fluo roscopy time were compared between the two groups.Results Overall ductal clearance did not differ between the two groups (96.5％ vs 93.5％,P＞0.05).The complication rates at 24 hours were 6.9％ for the small EST plus EPBD group and 11.7％ for the EST group (P＞0.05).However,the rate of complete stone removal after the first session using small EST plus EPBD was significantly higher than EST alone (86.2％ vs 70.4％,P＜0.05).ML was required significantly more often in the EST group when compared with the small EST plus EPBD group (34.8％ vs 12.1％,P＜0.05).The total procedure time and total fluoroscopy time in the small EST plus EPBD group were significantly shorter than the EST group [(38.6±15.5) min vs (47.1±20.2) min,P＜0.05 and (17.3± 7.0) min vs (26.5±10.8) min,P＜0.05].Conclusions Compared with EST,small EST plus EPBD was safe and more efficacious for bile duct stones.In the future,small EST plus EPBD probably can replace EST to be the first treatment of choice for bile duct stones.

AIM:To explore the effect of recombinamt rat CC16 protein (rCC16) on LPS-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 in the rat tracheal epithelial (RTE) cells. METHODS:The RTE cells were incubated with rCC16 at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L in serum-free media for 2 h prior to LPS (0.1 mg/L) treatment for further 24 h.The cells were harvested for assessing the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 by RT-qPCR.The cell culture supernatants were collected for analyzing the protein levels of TNF -α, IL-6 and IL-8 by ELISA.In addition, the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 was tested by Western blot.RESULTS:rCC16 inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 expression at both mRNA and protein levels in the RTE cells in a concentration-dependent (0~2 mg/L) manner, as demonstrated by RT-qPCR and ELISA.However, no concentra-tion-dependent manner between the dose of rCC 16 and TNF-αexpression was observed , and rCC16 inhibited LPS-induced TNF-αexpression at lower concentration (0.5 mg/L).rCC16 concentration-dependently inhibited the effects of LPS on the level of nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65.CONCLUSION:rCC16 suppresses LPS-mediated TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-duction through inactivation of NF-κB activity in RTE cells .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of COX-2 and BCL-2 in transitional mucosa adjacent to rectal carcinoma, and to determine whether precursor event exists in the transitional mucosa.

METHODSMucin histochemical method (HID/AB) was used to determine the distal mucosa 2 cm away from rectal carcinoma in 54 patients with rectal cancer. Immunohistochemical method was employed to detect the expression of BCL-2 and COX-2 in the rectal cancer specimen, transitional mucosa (TM), non-transitional mucosa (NTM), and 20 cases of normal rectal mucosa. Student's t-test and Chi-square test were preformed.

RESULTSNineteen patients with positive TM were found. COX-2 expression was identified in 81.5% of cancer tissue, 21.1% of TM, 17.1% of NTM, and 10.0% in normal mucosa. BCL-2 protein was found in 77.8% of cancer tissue, 21.1% of TM, 22.9% of NTM, and 5.0% of normal mucosa. The expressions of COX-2 and BCL-2 in TM were significantly different from tumor tissue[(0.737±0.895) versus (3.519±1.998), and (0.632±0.955) versus (2.833±1.756), all P<0.01]. However, there were no significant differences between TM and NTM or normal mucosa.

CONCLUSIONSExpressions of COX-2 and BCL-2 are non-specific in the transitional mucosa at the distal rectum. Evidence is not available in TM being precursor lesion.

Adult ; Aged ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology