Adult ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Humans ; Male

Objective To develop stress vulnerability prediction scale for soldiers.Methods 148 items were determined by reviewing items in relating literatures and scales,interview,panel discussion and expert consultation.Then 431 and 351 soldiers in two times were picked out randomly as samples from Army Northwest District.Item analysis,exploratory factor analysis,reliability analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyse the data.Results Stress vulnerability prediction scale comprised five subscales:traumatic events,positive affect,negative trait,negative coping and interpersonal support.The scale was comprised of 59 items,and the factor loading of the items ranged from 0.503 to 0.839.Cronbach's α coefficient of the five subscales were 0.777,0.903,0.923,0.882,0.908,and the Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.895.Confirmatory factor analysis showed a higher goodness of fit(RESEA =0.058,NFI =0.89,NNFI =0.93,CFI =0.94,IFI =0.98).Conclusion Stress vulnerability prediction scale in soldiers has good psychometric properties,and can be used as a prediction measurement tool for measuring the stress disorder for soldiers.

Objective To evaluate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on unilateral spatial neglect in stroke patients. Methods Published articles from the earliest date available to July, 2016 were recalled from PubMed, OVID, Embase, Co-chrane Library, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Database. Two reviewers selected independently the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about rT-MS for stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect, and extracted data independently and analyzed with RevMan 5.3 and GRADE profiler 3.6. Results Twelve trials that represented 353 participants were evaluated. For improving Line Bisection Test, Star Cancellation Test, Albert Test, rTMS groups were significantly more effective than the controls. rTMS groups with different frequencies all showed significantly effec-tive:for low frequency rTMS, SMD=-1.21, 95%CI=-2.17 to-0.25;for high frequency rTMS, SMD=-2.56, 95%CI=-3.54 to-1.58;for continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS), SMD=-2.51, 95%CI=-3.66 to-1.36. Conclusion rTMS is effective on unilateral spatial neglec-tin in stroke patients.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the radiation dose caused by 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in PET/CT examination and to optimize the concerned radiation protection. Methods Thirty patients from our conventional PET/CT examination were simple randomly selected, and they all underwent whole body PET/CT imaging. The radioactive dose of injected 18F-FDG was recorded. The internal radiation dose was calculated and the external radiation dose from patients was measured with the 451P-DE-SI ion chamber survey meter. The staff's dose was recorded with thermoluminescent detector (TLD). All dosimetry data were processed and analyzed statistically with Excel 2003. Results The injected radioactive dose of 18F-FDG was (432.9±51.8) MBq, and effective dose equivalent received per patient was (8.23±0.99) roSy. The correlation coefficient (r) of the dose equivalent rate and distance was-0.994 by power function curve fitting, and that of dose equivalent rate and time was - 0.988 by exponential curve fitting. The staff's dose was lower than the annual dose limit. Conclusions The patient's internal radiation dose caused by 18F-FDG in PET/CT examination is low, nonetheless, the clinician should always consider optimizing and minimizing the necessary radiation received by the patients. The patients having been injected with 18F-FDG should stay in one place to decrease their radiation to the public. From the medical point of view in optimizing radiation exposure, there may still be a potential to lower the injected 18F-FDG activity.

Objective To measure the normal cerebrospinal fluid of the midbrain aqueduct peak velocity of different age groups by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) time‐spatial labeling inversion pulse (time‐SLIP) ,and to discuss the flow law of CSF . Methods Forty‐one cases of healthy volunteers ,including 23 cases of male ,18 cases of female ,aged 7 -73 .Patients were divided into 4 groups:7- <15 age group (n=11) ,15- <35 age group (n=10) ,35- <45 age group (n=9) ,≥45 age group (n=11) .We used the application of Toshiba 1 .5 T MRI head coil ,MRI sequence of time‐SLIP marked CSF to calculated the peak velocity of CSF in the midbrain aqueduct and measure the diameter and length of the midbrain aqueduct .Results The peak flow velocity be‐tween the 7- <15 age group and 15 - <35 age group ,35 - <45 age group ,≥45 age group were statistically significant (P<0 .05);inner diameter and length were no statistically significant difference (P>0 .05) between age .Conclusion In the midbrain aqueduct ,CSF is two‐way flow and supports the CSF of the pulsatile flow theory ;MRI sequence of time‐SLIP could measure CSF velocity and display the turbulence fluiding .

Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Jugular Veins ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

Objective To compare the effects of equivalent dose sufentanil,remifentanil or fentanyl on hemodynamic and cardiac output in the elderly patients during induction of general anesthesia.Methods Ninety elderly patients(ASA Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ) undergoing elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into sufentanil group(group S),remifentanil group(group R) and fentanyl group(group F),30 patients in each group.Patients in group S,group R and group F received sufentanil 0.2μg/kg,remifentanil 2μg/kg and fentanyl 2μg/kg Ⅳ,respectively,using an blind method before intubation.SBP,DBP,MAP,HR,CO,CI and SVR were recorded before of anesthesia (T0),immediately after induction (T1),1,3 minutes after tracheal intubation (T2,T3).Changes of SBP and HR during observation were also recorded.Results The MAP and HR in three groups at T1 were significantly lower than those at T0 and decreased significantly in group R than those in group F and S(P ＜0.05).The MAP and HR in group F significantly increased at T1 than T0.The MAP and HR in group R were significantly decreased after tracheal intubation.Compared with the baseline,the MAP and HR in group S at T1,T2,remained unchanged.In group R,there were two patients whose HR were under 50 bpm.In group F,the MAP at T1,T2 were significantly higher than those at T.In group S,there were no significant changes in CO,CI,SVR which were all within normal range (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Both sufentanil and remifentanil effectively inhibit the stress response during induction of general anesthesia.At the same time,sufentanil has better hemodynamic stability.

BACKGROUND:Studies addressing reconstruction of tooth tissue engineering have shown that tooth structure can be constructed using tissue engineering technology. Tooth root and its periodontal attachment are critical for tooth survival and functions, based on which, whether we can target root tissues with simple structure for tissue engineering construction by bypassing a complex dental tissue engineering concept with the structural integrity?
OBJECTIVE:To construct a tissue-engineered dental root by seeding dental papil a cells, as seed cells, into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/sodium alginate hydrogel.
METHODS:Rabbit dental papil a cells were isolated and cultured. The cells were then mixed with 1%sodium alginate hydrogel at a final density of 6×109/L. The cellsuspension was seeded into a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffold with predetermined shape of human tooth and solidified with calcium chloride. Final y, the cel-scaffold composites were subcutaneously implanted into the back of nude mice. The specimens were harvested after 4 and 8 weeks respectively and processed for gross inspection, X-ray and CT examination and histological observation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The newly formed tissue kept the original shape of human dental root 4 and 8 weeks post-implantation. After 4 weeks of implantation, the specimen density was low;the root implants appeared to be incompletely mineralized, alginate hydrogels were degraded, but the copolymer scaffold was not degraded;a number of dentin-like structure appeared, and a fibrous membrane structure was visible on the surface of specimens paral el to the root surface, but the structure was not continuous, and no pulp cavity formed. After 8 weeks, the newly formed tissue was highly mineralized close to root tissue of the nature tooth;the copolymer scaffold was mostly degraded;specimens appeared to have a large number of mature dentin-like structure, and form continuous fibers membrane on the surface paral el to the root surface, below which, cementum-like structure formed. Artificial dental root with biological y similar structures of human dental roots can be constructed using the method of tissue engineering.

Objective To investigate the effect-site concentration for 50% of maximal effect (EC50 )of propofol required for loss of consciousness and onset of burst suppression and to assess the effect of target-control infusion(TCI)of remifentanil on these EC50 of propofol.Methods Sixty patients undergoning general anesthesia for scheduled surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30):group R received TCI of remifentanil with a target concentraton of 4 ng/ml 10 minutes before TCI of propofol,which started at a target plasma concentration of 1μg/ml and then increased by 1μg/ml step every 1 minute until the burst suppression ratio reach to 15%.Group N received a mock TCI of saline instead of remifentanil and the other procedures were as same as group R.During this,all patients were assessed by modified Observ-er’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S)scale,the loss of consciousness was definited by modified OAA/S values less than 2,the onset of burst suppression was definited by 15% of burst suppression ratio. Results The EC50 of effect-site concentration of propofol required for loss of consciousness and onset of burst suppression were 2.35 (95%CI 2.29-2.41)and 6.31 (95%CI 6.13-6.47)μg/ml respectively.The EC50 of propofol required for loss of consciousness was decreased to 1.73μg/ml by TCI of remifentanil,but the EC50 of propofol required for onset of burst suppression did not changed by TCI of remifentanil. Conclusion TCI of remifentanil could decrease the EC50 of propofol effect-site concentration required for loss of consciousness but has no effect on the EC50 of propofol required for onset of burst suppression.

Objective To investigate the effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression (HIF-1α) on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway-mediated rat lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI).Method Forty-five S-D rats were randomly divided into Sham group,LIRI group,LIRI+ TLR4-activated group,LIRI+ TLR4-inhibited group,LIRI + ASK1-inhibited group,LIRI + p38-inhibited group,and LIRI + HIF-1α-inhibited group.The interaction between TLR4 signaling pathway [including TLR4,myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88),TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-βTIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF),Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and p38] and HIF-1α and the role of TLR4-dependent HIF-1α in LIRI in vivo were analyzed.Result In LIRI,HIF-1α accumulation was induced in a TLR4-dependent fashion,and MyD88,but not TRIF,and activation of ASK1 and P38 were found to be critical for TLR4-mediated HIF-1α accumulation.HIF-1α protein played a critical role in TLR4-mediated lung injury of LIRI.HIF-1α up-regulated TLR4 expression in LIRI in a positive feedback manner.Conclusion We identify that HIF-1α has a damaging effect on TLR4 signaling pathway-mediated LIRI and TLR4-HIF-1 may synergistically involved in the development of LIRI.Therefore we suggest that the interaction between them may represent a novel therapeutic target for the development of novel target-based therapies of LIRI.