Objective To study the contents of antibiotics and antiseptics in the cosmetics sold in markets. Methods The cosmetics sold in professional market and current market (in which cosmetics were retailed) were selected respectively in Guangzhou and the contents of four antibiotics (oxytetracycline, tetracycline, chlortetracycline and chloramphenicol) and five antiseptics (para-hydroxybenzcic acid, methyl para-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate, propyl para-hydroxybenzoate and butyl para-hydroxybenzoate) were determined by high performance liquid chromatogram. Results In 111 cosmetics, 30 cosmetics were detected containing oxytetracycline, 62 cosmetics containing tetracycline, 7 cosmetics containing chlortetracycline and 1 cosmetic containing chloramphenicol. The detection rate was 78.4% and the detection rate of antibiotics among various kinds of cosmetics had no significant difference. The antiseptics used in cosmetics were mostly para-hydroxyl compound ester and there were four cosmetics detected containing antiseptics. Conclusion Abusing antibiotics in cosmetics market is very serious. The test standards and methods for antibiotics and antiseptics in the cosmetics should be developed as soon as possible. Cosmetic enterprises need to decrease microbe pollution in the process of production and prohibit adding antibiotics in cosmetics.

AlM:To investigate the prevalence of pterygium of the household population aged 40 and above in Hengli Town of Dongguan.
METHODS: Using the method of cluster random sampling, select 3 628 people aged 40 and above in four villages and one community for visual examination, intraocular pressure check, slit lamp examination and questionnaire.
RESULTS: The actual number of subjects was 3 393 people, and examination rate was 93. 52%. We detected 843 patients with pterygium. The prevalence of pterygium was 24. 85%.
CONCLUSlON:There is high prevalence of pterygium in Dongguan area. The prevalence of pterygium is related with age and working environment, but has no relation with gender.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Dust ; analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Industry ; Inhalation Exposure ; statistics & numerical data ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Occupational Exposure ; statistics & numerical data ; Quartz

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of total flavonoids of Oldenlendia difflusa (FOD) on NF-kappaB and IL-8, TNF-alpha, IL-10 expressions of ulcerative colitis (UC) model rats, and explore its immunological mechanism of anti-UC.

METHODSixty Kunming male mice with the average weight of (20 +/- 2) g were randomly divided into six groups. The control group (cont) was orally administered with distilled water. Whereas the remaining five groups were fed with 4% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) solution for seven days to induce acute UC, and orally administered with the following drugs: distilled water (for the DSS group), SASP at dose of 500 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for the DSS + SASP group, FOD at dose of 60 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for the DSS + FOD-H group, FOD at dose of 40 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for the DSS + FOD-M group, and FOD at dose of 26.7 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for the DSS + FOD-L group. During the modeling and drug administration, the mice were scored for DAI. Seven days later, the mice were put to death, and their colonic tissue samples were collected to evaluate colonic mucosal lesions. The NF-kappaB p65, IL-8, TNF-alpha, IL-10 expressions were tested by immunohistochemical staining and ELISA.

RESULTSeven-day feeding with 4% DSS solution could successfully induce acute UC in mice. Compared with the cont group, the DSS group showed significantly higher DAI and colonic mucosal lesions, remarkable increase in NF-kappaB p65, IL-8, TNF-alpha expression in colonic tissues, and notable decrease in IL-10 expression (P < 0.05). FOD could prevent acute UC in mice included by DSS. Seven-day administration of 60 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) or 40 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) FOD could completely or partially resist the above mentioned changes caused by DSS. Compared with the DSS group, the DSS + FOD-H group and the DSS + FOD-M group showed reduction in colonic mucosal lesions, down-regulation in IL-8, TNF-alpha and NF-kappaB p65 expressions and up-regulation in IL-10 expression (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFOD could significantly resist UC in mice. Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NF-kappaB p65 activation, the reduction of IL-8 and TNF-alpha expressions and the increase in the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; administration & dosage ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Flavonoids ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; immunology ; Oldenlandia ; chemistry ; Transcription Factor RelA ; genetics ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To monitor the quality changes of iodized salt and analyze its impact factor in Chongqing between 2001 and 2009. Methods Salt samples were collected according to the east, west, south,north and center locations in iodized salt production, wholesale and household sectors. Two units in iodized salt production and wholesale segment were sampled from north, south, east and west places and only 1 unit was sampled from the central place. Nine samples were collected every month in each place. If the place had less than 9 units, and then taken all the units. About resident household, 2 townships were sampled from north, south, east and west places, and 1 township was sampled from the central place, then 20 samples were collected from each township. Iodine content was detected by oxidation-reduction assay. The index of mean iodine, qualified rate from factories and wholesale, coverage rate and taking rate of qualified iodized salt in residents were calculated.Significance was analyzed by trend test, analysis of variance and X2 test. Results The qualified rate of iodized salt from the manufacturers was 92.9%(13/14) in 2001 and the rate was 100.0% each year from 2002 to 2009. The qualified rates of iodized salt from the wholesale were 88.7%(282/318) - 99.8%(431/432). The rates of 2001 and 2002 were lower than that of other years(X2 = 4.98 - 45.69, all P< 0.05 or < 0.01). The coverage rate and taking rate of qualified iodized salt in residents were 94.2% (11 154/11 841 ) - 98.9% ( 14 061/14 217), 83.5% (9 887/11 841 ) -95.8% (13 449/14 039), respectively. The rates showed an increasing tendency (F = 9.27, 26.39, all P < 0.05).The districts(counties) with qualified iodized salt consumption rate > 90% kept increasing. The mean iodine from the manufacturers and wholesale were 29.71 - 36.25, and 31.26 - 36.13 mg/kg, respectively. The iodine level showed a descending trend(F = 35.45, 140.59, all P < 0.01 ). The mean iodine level from the inhabitants were 28.84 - 30.98 mg/kg which remained stable (F = 3.05, P > 0.05 ). The iodine level from manufacturers, wholesale to inhabitants showed an descending trend(F = 38.46 - 671.23, all P < 0.01 ). Conclusions The surveillance results of iodized salt shows an increasing tendency in quality of iodized salt, eoverage rate and taking rate of qualified iodized salt. Factors that affect the quality of iodized salt is that the enterprise does not add iodine to salt strictly by the standard.

Objective To construct and express the recombinant plasmid pET28α-Sj26GST-Sj32 of Schistosoma japonicum(Sj) in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Methods Total RNA was extracted from Sj adult worms by ultrasound-breaking, Sj26GST and Sj32 antigen gene was respectively amplified by RT-PCR from the total RNA; Sj26GST-Sj32 fusion gene obtained with gene splicing by overlap extension(SOEing) was cloned into prokaryotic expression plasmid pET28α and transformed into Escherichia coli BL2 (DE3) to construct pET28α-Sj26GST-Sj32;BL21 (pET28α-Sj26GST-Sj32) was induced with isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranosid (IPTG), and the expressed products were analyzed and identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electropheresis (SDS-PAGE)and Western blotting. Results The 1991 bp Sj26GST-Sj32 fusion gene was successfully amplified by gene SOEing and cloned into pET28α by restriction analysis and PCR identification, the recombinant plasmid pET28α-Sj26GST-Sj32 was successfully constructed; the relative molecular mass of the expressed recombinant protein was approximately 69 × 103 by SDS-PAGE, and the amount of the expressed protein was 25% of the total bacterial proteins; the fusion protein could be recognized by sera from rabbits infected with Sj by Western blotting.Conclusions The recombinant plasmid pET28α-Sj26GST-Sj32 is successfully constructed and highly expressed in Escherichia coli in fused form with His-tag, and the expressed fusion protein shows specific antigenicity.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the transgenerational effect of neuroendocrine metabolic programmed alteration in adult intrauterine growth retardation (lUGR) offspring rats with prenatal nicotine exposure. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats were administered daily with nicotine (2 mg.kg-1 ) by sc from gestational day 11 until delivery. F1 offspring was fed with a standard diet before four groups in F2 were set up according to the cross-mating between F1 normal adult rats and nicotine-induced lUGR adult rats. CC group was mated by F1 normal adult rats, CN group by F1 normal adult male rats and lUGR adult female rats, NC group by F1 lUGR adult male rats and normal adult female rats, while NN group was mated by F1 lUGR adult rats. F2 adult rats were subjected to a fortnight ice water swimming stimulus. Blood samples were collected before and after stress and then detected for the levels of adrenocortico-tropic hormone ( ACTH), corticosterone ( CORT), glucose, triglycerides ( TG) and total cholesterol (TCH). RESULTS Before stress, the level of serum CORT in F2 male rats of NN group was decreased to 73.9% of that of the CC group (P<0.05),while the level of serum TG in F2 male rats of CN and NC groups was increased to 1.43 and 1.52 times that of the CC group, respectively ( P<0.05). Meanwhile, the level of serum TG in F2 female rats of CN, NC and NN groups was increased to 1.71, 1.80 and 1.81 times that of the CC group, respectively (P<0.05). After stress, the serum CORT gain rate in F2 male rats of CC group was -1.67%, but was 36.0% in NN group. The serum glucose level in male NC group and in female CN group was increased to 1.61 and 1.62 times that of the corresponded CC groups, respectively (P<0.01). Furthermore, the serum TG gain rate in F2 rats of each nicotine group was decreased markedly in comparison with their corresponding controls (P<0.05), ie, the serum TG gain rates in F2 male rats of CN, NC and NN groups were decreased to 46.4%, 16.7% and 7.7% of the CC group, while the serum TG gain rates in F2 female rats of these groups were decreased to 20.6%, 4.0% and 8.4% of the CC group, respectively. Compared with CC group, TCH level of females and males in NN group was decreased by 40.5% and 21.9%(P<0.01) before stress, respectively, and the TCH gain rate of females in NN group was increased by 49.7%(P<0.05) after stress. CONCLUSION The reproductive and developmental toxicities and the neuroendocrine metabolic programming alterations induced by prenatal nicotine exposure are transgenerated to F2 offspring and these effects exhibit gender and parental differences.

AIM: To investigate the possible mechanism of PRL-2 in invasive metastasis of tumors.METHODS: The PRL-2 vector was transfected into CL1 cell with lipofectamine reagent,the transfectants were selected by growth in the medium supplemented with G418.Zymographic analysis of metalloproteinases(MMPs) activity was performed,RT-PCR was used to determine the mRNA levels of(MMP-2),MMP-9,TIMP-1 and TIMP-2,the protein levels of(MMP-2),MMP-9,TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were analyzed by Western blotting.The effects of the special inhibitor of PRL-2 on transfected cells were also observed.RESULTS: The stable cell line selected by G418 was identified by RT-PCR and Western blotting.More abundance of MMP-2,MMP-9 and its activated type were secreted by the CL-1-PRL-2 cells than untransfected cells and transfected vector cells(P

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the status quo of the use of antiallergic drugs.METHODS:The antiallergic drugs used during 2004～ 2006 in the inpatient pharmacy including the non-surgery department,surgery department and pediatric department of our hospital were analyzed statistically in respect of kinds,consumption sum and DDDs.RESULTS:The antiallergic drugs had a fluctuation in consumption sum and DDDs,showing a reduction in 2006.No significant change was noted in the structure of drug use.CONCLUSION:More and more new antiallergic drugs went on the market,but the application still gives priority to the cheaper kinds.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Survivin and Ki-67 in breast carcinoma,and explore their correlation.Method The expression of Survivin and Ki-67 in breast carcinoma(49 cases)and normal breast tissues(12 cases)were examined by immunohistochemical method.Results The positive expression rates of Survivin and Ki-67 in breast carcinoma were significantly higher than those in normal breast tissues(P<0.05).The expression of Survivin was significantly related to clinical stage and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).The expression of Ki-67 Was significantly related to clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,and pathological grade(P<0.05).The expression of Survivin was obviously related with Ki-67 in breast carcinoma(r=0.734,P<0.05).Conclusions The overexpression of Survivin and Ki-67 may play a cooperative role in the occurrence and development of breast carcinoma.They may serve as useful markers for assessment of biological behavior of breast carcinoma.