Objective To carry out the quality control testing and evaluation for three digital mammography systems.Methods The performance of three digital mammography systems was assessed by applying methods recommended in the European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis and Chinese specification for testing of quality control in X-ray mammography.The performance of X-ray generator of three digital mammography systems were tested and evaluated.CDMAM 3.4 phantom with four different thickness(30,40,50,60 mm) were exposured in DR,PCM,and CR system,respectively.The average glandular dose (AGD) value was measured and image quality figure (IQF) analysis was performed in each thickness.Results The X-ray machine performance of DR and CR was in accordance with existing standard,however the standard was inappropriate to evaluate part of X-ray machine performance of PCM system.The AGDs for system DR were 1.20,1.42,1.75 and 2.20 mGy for 30,40,50 and 60 mm PMMA thickness,respectively.The respective AGDs for system PCM and CR were 0.82,1.19,1.33,1.70 mGy and 0.59,0.88,1.47,2.19 mGy.For the same phantom thickness sequence,the IQFs were 21.36,21.57,27.25 and 30.58 for system DR,28.02,29.10,35.90,and 41.24 for system PCM,whereas they were 39.78,39.30,43.85 and 48.08 for system CR.Conclusions The AGDs of all three systems were in accordance with the values recommended in European guideline.The AGD and IQF could provide an effective way for performance assessment and constancy checks for digital mammography systems.

Objective To investigate the clinical feature and antibiotic resistance profile of K.pneumoniae isolates from patients for better management of K.pneumoniae infections.Methods Nonduplicate K.pneumoniae strains were collected from January to December in 2015.K.pneumoniae strains were identified by VITEK 2-Compact 60 and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by KirbyBauer method.Results A total of 753 strains ofK.pneumoniae were included,most (40.9％,308/753) of which were isolated from sputum,followed by urine (18.2％,137/753).Most of the strains were from old patients at least 60 years of age (40.8％,307/753),and primarily from intensive care units (16.7％,126/753) and Department of Respiratory Medicine (13.7％,103/753).Respiratory tract infection was found in 144 patients,of which 71.5％ (103/144) were due to K.pneumoniae.More than half of the K.pneumoniae strains were resistant to piperacillin (66.3 ％),cefazolin (60.8 ％) and cefitroxime (59.4 ％).Only a few strain were resistant to imipenem (2.4 ％) and meropenem (2.0).ESBLs were produced in 410 (54.4 ％) of the 753 strains,and 29 (3.9 ％) strains were carbapenem-resistant,492 (65.3 ％) strains were resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents.Conclusions Clinical K.pneumoniae isolates are highly resistant to most of the antimicrobial agents tested.The strains were mostly isolated from sputum and urine,and positive for ESBLs.MDR K.pneumoniae sWains are emerging.K.pneumoniae isolates are still very susceptible to carbapenems in vitro.

0.05).Conclusions ATP-TCA could be used to individualize chemotherapy by selecting agents for particular patients of cervical cancer.The expression of GST-? and TS protein might be useful biomarkers to predict the resistance to DDP and 5-FU in patients with cervical cancer.

Global Health ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H2N2 Subtype ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; history ; mortality ; virology

OBJECTIVETo classify and repair "Butterfly Ear" deformity which presents characters of dysplasia of inferior auricle of ear and congenital bat ear.

METHODThe repairment procedures include: type I: auricular cartilage flap inversion folding technique. type II: local ear skin flap. type III: soft tissue expander autogenous, rib cartilage framework.

RESULTSThe method was used in 19 cases from October 2001 to March 2005. Postoperative follow-up showed satisfactory results in all cases.

CONCLUSIONAccording to "Butterfly Ear" deformity classification, different technique could be applied.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; classification ; surgery ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo classify the blood vessel distribution of the expanded skin in the mastoid region and its relevance to reasonable and reliable design of the expanded flap for auricular reconstruction in congenital microtia.

METHODSThe blood vessel distribution of the expanded skin in the mastoid region was observed by light permeation test. The expanded flaps with different ratio of length to width were designed according to their blood vessel distribution types.

RESULTSThe vascular distribution of the expanded skin in 403 cases was divided into five types. All the flaps survived completely.

CONCLUSIONSThe blood vessel distribution type of the expanded skin in mastoid region has great significance for the design of post-auricular expanded flap in auricular reconstruction.

Congenital Abnormalities ; surgery ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; Ear ; abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mastoid ; surgery ; Skin ; blood supply ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Tissue Expansion Devices

OBJECTIVETo study the psychologic status and their influencing factors in congenital microtia patients and their families.

METHODSTotally one hundred and two congenital microtia patients (79 men, 23 women, mean age 13.62 +/- 7.2 years) were enrolled. The patients and their families answered the questionnaire written by ourselves to identify the psychosocial problems.

RESULTS(1) 23.5% patients were found to have severe psychosocial problems, such as lack of self-confidence, close and fear and so on. (2) With the growth of age, psychosocial problems of the patients were rated high (P < 0.05). (3) For patients who found their deformations early, psychosocial problems also were rated low. (4) For patients who found their deformations by themselves, psychosocial problems also were rated low. (5) The education and psychosocial impact for parents all affected patients deeply.

CONCLUSIONSTo prevent psychosocial problems, we should operate for patients as early as possible. And correct guidance is very important for youngsters.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Congenital Abnormalities ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Ear ; abnormalities ; Family ; psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Inpatients ; statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDMultimodal cocktail periarticular injection (MCPI) with a large volume of low concentration local anesthetics, adrenaline, and anti-inflammatory agents such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug or steroids have shown good pain control and improvement in range of motion after surgery. This study compares the efficacy of pain control after total knee arthroplasty, using multimodal cocktail periarticular injection with steroid or without steroid.

METHODSThis is a prospective, double-blinded, randomized and control study. Seventy-two patients with osteoarthritis that met clinical criteria for total knee arthroplasty were recruited into the study, and were randomized to receive either multimodal cocktail periarticular injection with steroid or without steroid. Pain was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) at preoperative and postoperative at rest, and during activity. The range of motion was recorded preoperatively and postoperatively. The amount of daily and cumulative morphine consumption were measured by patient-controlled analgesia in the first 72 hours postoperatively. The duration of celecoxib usage was also recorded at the last follow-up.

RESULTSThere were no differences between the non-steroid and steroid groups with regard to VAS at rest and during activity, or range of motion, at any postoperative observation time. The postoperative Knee Society Knee Score in the steroid group improved significantly as compared with that in non-steroid group at the one-month (84.1±13.1 and 65.9±12.1; P < 0.0045), three-month follow-up (90.2±16.3 and 72.5±16.6; P < 0.0027), but after postoperative six-month the Knee Society Knee Score showed no significant difference between the groups. There was no significant difference in consumption of the morphine about daily or total consumption within 72 hours between the two groups. The duration of celecoxib usage in patients in the steroid group was significantly shorter than that in the non-steroid group ((7.2±0.7) compared with (10.5±1.9) weeks; P = 0.012).

CONCLUSIONThe patients who received the steroid injection had faster rehabilitation and less non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs consumption.

Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Celecoxib ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intra-Articular ; Male ; Pain Measurement ; Pyrazoles ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Steroids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Sulfonamides ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chest contour deformities after harvesting of costal cartilage for total ear reconstruction, so as to prevent donor site morbidity.

METHODS107 cases of microtia who underwent ear reconstruction with costal cartilage during the period from 1994 to 2003, were retrospectively studied. Both the chest depression deformity and the costal arch deformity were evaluated. The possible related factors to the chest contour deformities were analyzed statistically with Stata software.

RESULTSThe incidence of chest depression was 54.55% (48/88), including 35 cases of mild depression (39.77%) and 13 cases of severe depression (14.77% ). The incidence of costal arch deformity was 52.77% (46/88), including 33 cases of mild deformity (37.50%) and 13 cases of severe deformity (14.77%). The incidence of both deformities was significantly different at different age (P < 0.01), but not at different follow-up period (P = 0.294 and P = 0.225, respectively). Gender was related to the incidence of chest depression (P < 0.01), but not to the costal arch contour deformity (P = 0.619). Comparing resection of the 6th and 7th rib cartilage with resection of 7th and 8th rib cartilage, the incidence of costal arch deformity was significantly different (P < 0.01), but the incidence of depression deformity was not (P = 0.657).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of chest deformities increases with early operation time (< 13 years old). The male patients have higher incidence of depression deformity than female. The arch deformity is higher when the 6th and 7th rib cartilage were resected. The follow-up period is not related to the chest deformities.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ear, External ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Ribs ; abnormalities ; transplantation ; Sex Factors ; Thorax ; abnormalities ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To verify the therapeutic effect and adverse reactions of ?-receptor blocker, domestic urapidil, on severe hypertension. METHODS: Observation was carried out in a multi-center, random sampling and controlled pattern. Drug was iv injected first and then infused. At the same time, the patients' systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, heart rate, EKG, blood & urine routine, serum GPT and urea nitrogen were measured and examined.RESULTS: Of 41 cases in this series. 16 satis- factory(39.0%), 23 improved (56.1%), 2 unsatisfactory(4.9%) .The total effective rate was 95.1%. After drug administra- tion, systolic pressure was lowered by 43 .97mmHg(P