Objective To optimize the formulation of the sunscreen used in military training.Methods The different formulations of sunscreen were prepared according to the orthogonal design,and then applied on 3M adhesive tape posted on the color dish with a certain amount;the absorbance in 280 nm-320 nm and 320 nm-400 nm of them were measured and the arithmetic mean (A) was concluded.By comparing A,the protective effect and the main factors affecting preventive bask were determined.The preventive bask test of the optimum formula was carried out in human trials using the method of multi point increasing ultraviolet irradiation.Results OMC,TinosorbTM M,rutin,pearl powder and baicalin all had significant effects in preventing UVA.OMC had a significant effect in preventing UVB.The formula 1 (containing the five materials mentioned above) had the best effects in preventing both UVA (SPF 18) and UVB (PA+).Conclusions The formula 1 has the best effects in preventing both UVA and UVB.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Zaoren Anshen capsules in treating senile insomnia and changes in its hemorheology.

METHODA total of 120 patients with senile insomnia were randomly divided into the Zaoren Anshen capsules group (five capsules, n = 60) and the Alprazolam group (0.8 mg, n = 60) for treatment and control observation. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used for evaluating clinical efficacy in the first and fourth week before and after treatment.

RESULTThe Zaoren Anshen capsules group had lower higher scores in PSQI (5.91 +/- 1.37) than that before treatment (13.49 +/- 3.87), with great statistical significant in difference (P < 0.01). The alprazolam group had lower higher scores in PSQI than that before treatment, with great statistical significant in difference (P < 0.01). apart from higher PSQI scores in the Zaoren Anshen capsules group than that of the Alprazolam group after treatment for one week (P < 0.05), the comparison between the Zaoren Anshen capsules group and the alprazolam group before and after treatment for four weeks showed no statistical significance. As for hemorheological parameters, the difference in the whole blood viscosity (including high-shear, middle-shear and low-shear) of patients in the Zaoren Anshen capsules showed great statistical significance before and after treatment (P < 0.01), and so did the plasma viscosity (P < 0.05). Zaoren Anshen capsules showed less adverse reactions than alprazolam.

CONCLUSIONZaoren Anshen capsules have similar effect in treating senile insomnia with alprazolam, with less adverse reactions. They are so suitable for patients with senile insomnia that they can improve hemorheological indicators of patients with senile insomnia and have good effect in promoting circulation and removing stasis.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alprazolam ; administration & dosage ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Hemorheology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; drug therapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the preventive effect of antioxidant and calcium channel blockade on testicular fibrosis in rats, and to explore the ideal drug for preventing it.

METHODSEighty Wistar rats were divided into a control group (Group A, n = 10), a treatment group (Group B, n = 57) and a testicular fibrosis model group (Group C, n = 13). And the treatment group was further divided into a higher dosage group (Group a, n = 20), a medium dosage group (Group b, n =20) and a lower dosage group (Group c, n = 17). Testicular fibrosis was duplicated with altered Wang Tao's method. From the second day of the first immunization, the higher dosage group was given antioxidant vitamins 90 mg/(kg x d) and verapamil 50 mg/(kg x d), the medium dosage group antioxidant vitamins 90 mg/(kg x d) and verapamil 25 mg/(kg x d), and the lower dosage group antioxidant vitamins 90 mg/(kg x d) and verapamil 12.5 mg/(kg x d), all for 150 days. The control and the model groups received no treatment. The sperm count, sperm deformity rate, testis length and seminiferous tubule intradiameter were measured, and the changes of the testis interstitial substance and spermatogenic cells were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope.

RESULTSTesticular fibrosis was significantly prevented by the higher- and medium-dosage treatment in the rats. In the higher dosage group, the intradiameter of the seminiferous tubules and the thickness of the limiting membrane were almost the same as in the control. In the lower dosage group the thickness of the limiting membrane was thicker and the damage to the spermatogenic cells was heavier than in the control, but the pathological changes of the testis structure was lighter than in the model group, in which Hyperplasia and fibroblast increase in the interstitial substance were significant, interstitial mast cells and peritubular mast cells increased, the thickness of the limiting membrane of the seminiferous tubules seriously thickened, and the damage to the spermatogenic cells was severe.

CONCLUSIONTesticular fibrosis in rats can be significantly prevented by antioxidant and calcium channel blockade.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; therapeutic use ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; therapeutic use ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Fibrosis ; prevention & control ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sperm Count ; Testicular Diseases ; pathology ; prevention & control

Objective Thisstudyaimstoexploretheeffectofmeasurement-basedcareusingPatientHealthQuestionnaire DepressionScale(PHQ-9)onpatientswithonsetdepression.Methods Atotalof120patientswithonsetdepressionwere randomly assigned to the test group and control group.The test group was treated with measurement-based care using PHQ-9 and the control group maintains normal treatment.We assessed the HAMD1 7 score and social function of all patients on acute phase (after two month treatment),middle phase (after six month treatment)and long phase (after one year treatment).Results ThemeanHAMD17scoreofpatientsinthetestgroupwaslowerthanthecontrolgroupat6monthand 1 2month(P<0.01 ),and the difference of the reduced score at 1 2month was significant (P<0.01 ).The patients has better social function score and lower recurrence rate in the test group than that of the control group (P <0.05 ). Conclusion Theonsetdepressivepatientwhotreatedwithmeasurement-basedcareusingPHQ-9showsbettereffect and social function compared with those with normal outpatient treatment.

OBJECTIVETo study the altering rule of coagulation function at molecular level in patients with secondary brain injury (SBI).

METHODSTissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) were studied in 32 patients 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after craniocerebral injury. Repeated cranial CT scans and platelet counts were made simultaneously. Same measurements were done in 30 normal adults except CT scan.

RESULTSNo obvious difference was found in age, sex and platelet count between the injured and the normal groups. TFPI/TF decreased markedly in the first week after injury in patients with SBI, but only decreased on the 7th day in the patients without obvious SBI. For the patients who developed delayed intracranial hematoma (DIH) or hematoma enlargement, TF rose only 1 and 2 days after injury, but TFPI had a tendency to rise again after a fall on the 3rd day. For those patients who developed no DIH, TF rose all the time within the 1st week.

CONCLUSIONSDecrease of TFPI/TF for a long time, especially within 3 days after injury, may be one of the most important reasons for SBI. High expression of TF for a relative short time and increase of TFPI after a fall within 3 days may be one of the important reasons for DIH or hematoma enlargement.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anticoagulants ; blood ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; blood ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Count ; Thromboplastin ; analysis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

This paper aimed to investigate whether psoralen inhibits the differentiation and bone resorption by regulating CD4+T cell differentiation in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells, and elucidate its mechanism for osteoporosis. CD4+T cells were isolated from spleen cells of Balb/c mice by immunomagnetic separation method. The cells were divided into blank control group and psoralen group. The cells were cultured in 24-well plates and cultured for 3 days, and then they were collected for co-culture experiments after 4 days. Co-culture experiments were divided into RAW264.7 cell group, psoralen+RAW264.7 cell group, without psoralen treatment of CD4+T cells+RAW264.7 cell group, psoralen treatment of CD4+T cells+RAW264.7 cell group. After 5 days of co-culture, TRAP staining was used to detect the number of osteoclasts, and after 8 days of co-culture, bone resorption was evaluated by toluidine blue staining. The expressions of RORγt, Foxp3, IL-17, TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-10 in CD4+T cells and osteoclast differentiation-related genes MMP-9, TRAP and Cat-K were detected by Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); ELISA kit was used to detect IL-17, TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-10 and other cytokines levels. Our data confirmed that the psoralen significantly promoted the expression of Foxp3, TGF-β and IL-10 in CD4+T, and inhibited the expression of RORγt, IL-17 and TNF-α in CD4+T, the CD4+T cells without treatment by psoralen can significantly promote RANKL-induced differentiation of RAW264.7 to osteoclasts, and psoralen treatment of CD4+T can significantly inhibit RANKL-induced RAW264.7 osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Taken together, psoralen inhibits the differentiation and bone resorption of RAW264.7 into osteoclasts by promoting the development of CD4+ CD25+ Treg/Th17 balance in CD4+T cells to CD4+CD25+T.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of CC-chemokine receptor 7(CCR7) in patients with multiple myeloma(MM) and its correlation with clinical features of MM.

METHODSThe level of CCR7 expression in bone marrow samples from 53 newly diagnosed MM patients was detected by flow cytometry(FCM). Statistical methods were used to analyze the correlation between CCR7 expression and clinical features, such as sex, age, M protein, peripheral blood cell count, biochemical indicators, plasma cell ratio of bone marrow, immunophenotype, osteopathy and extramedullary disease.

RESULTSThe plasma cells in 24 out of 53 cases(45.28%) expressed CCR7. The rate of extramedullary disease in CCR7 positive group was significantly higher than that in CCR7 negative group (29.17% vs 3.45%)(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of CCR7 in patients with MM is high, moreover this high expression correlates with extramedullary disease, thus CCR7 can be used as an effective indicator for prediction of extramedullary disease.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of CC-chemokine Receptor 7 (CCR7) in adult acute leukemia patients, and to analyze the relationship of CCR7 expression with the clinical characteristics of patients.

METHODSThe expression of CCR7 in bone marrow samples from adult acute leukemia patients were detected by flow cytometry (FCM), the relationship of CCR7 expression with the clinical characteristics of patients such as sex, age, WBC count, blast cell ratio, CD56 expression, molecular biology, cell genetics, risk stratification, extramedullary infiltration was analyzed.

RESULTSThe expression rate of CCR7 in adult ALL and AML patients was 36.8% and 9.6%, respectively, and the expression level of CCR7 in ALL patients was higher than that in AML patients (P < 0.05). The extramedullary infiltration rate was 100% and 41.7 % for CCR7 positive and negative groups of ALL, respectively (P < 0.05). While the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in extramedullary infiltration group of ALL was higher than that in none-extramedullary infiltration group of ALL (50.00 ± 10.42 vs 18.14 ± 1.39), respectively (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCCR7 is higher expressed in adult acute leukemia cells, moreover its expression rate in ALL is higher than that in AML, and the expression of CCR7 is related with extramedullary infiltration in ALL.

Adult ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; Leukocyte Count ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, CCR7 ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo assess the effectiveness of Yishen Jiangu Granules (, YSJGG) on aromatase inhibitor-associated musculoskeletal symptoms (AIMSS).

METHODSA single-arm, open-label study was conducted in 34 postmenopausal women with breast cancer who experienced AIMSS. Patients were treated with YSJGG for 12 weeks (12.4 g orally twice daily). The primary outcome was a change in the mean worst pain score of Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF) over 12 weeks, and the second outcomes included changes in pain severity and pain-related interference of BPI-SF and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Modified Score for the Assessment of Chronic Rheumatoid Affections of the Hands (M-SACRAH), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B), bone mineral density (BMD) and blood indices such as calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP).

RESULTSOf 37 women recruited, 30 initiated the therapy and 24 were evaluable at 12 weeks. The primary outcome (BPI-SF worst pain scores) achieved a 2.17-point reduction compared with baseline (5.75±1.87 vs 3.58±2.15, P<0.01). There were reductions in pain severity (decreased 1.65, P<0.01) and pain-related interference (decreased 2.55, P<0.01). The changes in WOMAC and M-SACRAH scores were similar to BPI-SF (P<0.05). In the FACT-B, only physical well-being and functional well-being were improved compared with baseline (P<0.05). No clinical differences were found in BMD, Ca, P and ALP.

CONCLUSIONYSJGG is an effective and well-tolerated agent to reduce AIMSS.

BACKGROUND: Acute heart failure (AHF) is the most common disease in emergency departments (EDs). However, clinical data exploring the outcomes of patients presenting AHF in EDs are limited, especially the long-term outcomes. The purposes of this study were to describe the long-term outcomes of patients with AHF in the EDs and further analyze their prognostic factors. METHODS: This prospective, multicenter, cohort study consecutively enrolled 3335 patients with AHF who were admitted to EDs of 14 hospitals from Beijing between January 1, 2011 and September 23, 2012. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis were adopted to evaluate 5-year outcomes and associated predictors. RESULTS: The 5-year mortality and cardiovascular death rates were 55.4% and 49.6%, respectively. The median overall survival was 34 months. Independent predictors of 5-year mortality were patient age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.027, 95 confidence interval [CI]: 1.023-1.030), body mass index (BMI) (HR: 0.971, 95% CI: 0.958-0.983), fatigue (HR: 1.127, 95% CI: 1.009-1.258), ascites (HR: 1.190, 95% CI: 1.057-1.340), hepatic jugular reflux (HR: 1.339, 95% CI: 1.140-1.572), New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III to IV (HR: 1.511, 95% CI: 1.291-1.769), heart rate (HR: 1.003, 95% CI: 1.001-1.005), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (HR: 0.996, 95% CI: 0.993-0.999), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (HR: 1.014, 95% CI: 1.008-1.020), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)/N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level in the third (HR: 1.426, 95% CI: 1.220-1.668) or fourth quartile (HR: 1.437, 95% CI: 1.223-1.690), serum sodium (HR: 0.980, 95% CI: 0.972-0.988), serum albumin (HR: 0.981, 95% CI: 0.971-0.992), ischemic heart diseases (HR: 1.195, 95% CI: 1.073-1.331), primary cardiomyopathy (HR: 1.382, 95% CI: 1.183-1.614), diabetes (HR: 1.118, 95% CI: 1.010-1.237), stroke (HR: 1.252, 95% CI: 1.121-1.397), and the use of diuretics (HR: 0.714, 95% CI: 0.626-0.814), β-blockers (HR: 0.673, 95% CI: 0.588-0.769), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) (HR: 0.714, 95% CI: 0.604-0.845), angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) (HR: 0.790, 95% CI: 0.646-0.965), spironolactone (HR: 0.814, 95% CI: 0.663-0.999), calcium antagonists (HR: 0.624, 95% CI: 0.531-0.733), nitrates (HR: 0.715, 95% CI: 0.631-0.811), and digoxin (HR: 0.579, 95% CI: 0.465-0.721). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study demonstrate poor 5-year outcomes of patients presenting to EDs with AHF. Age, BMI, fatigue, ascites, hepatic jugular reflux, NYHA class III to IV, heart rate, DBP, BUN, BNP/NT-proBNP level in the third or fourth quartile, serum sodium, serum albumin, ischemic heart diseases, primary cardiomyopathy, diabetes, stroke, and the use of diuretics, β-blockers, ACEIs, ARBs, spironolactone, calcium antagonists, nitrates, and digoxin were independently associated with 5-year all-cause mortality.
Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; Beijing/epidemiology* ; Biomarkers ; Cohort Studies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Failure/mortality* ; Humans ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Peptide Fragments ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies