Pulse-activating injection has the functions of supplementing qi and nourishing yin, and recovering pulse from a collapse state. It is applied in hypotension caused by serious infection or hypovolemia extensively. Pulse-activating injection can be also used to treat hypotension caused by tracheal intubation with good effects. Appropriate application according to state of illness is very important, such as controlling infection and supplementing blood-volume, etc. When applied in cardia insufficiency, vasodilating agent should be used together to regulate dropping rate.

The history and present status of phytoplasma classification are introduced briefly in this paper.The newly classification methods and rules for the description of Candidatus species are reviewed.The key problems and direction on the classification and identification of phytoplasmas in China are discussed.

Objective To study the relieving cough effect ofPuji-Xuanfei-Xiaodu decoction on acute bronchitis.Methods 87 patients with acute bronchitis of exterior cold and interior heat were randomly divided into two groups(44 cases in a therapy group and 43 cases in a control group).Puji-Xuanfei-Xiaodu decoction was given to the patients in the therapy group and acute bronchitis syrup was given to the control group, to observe the influence on symptoms of cough, sputum, fever and headache. The course of treatment was 7 days. Results On the reliving cough aspect, 28 cases (63.6%) showed cure effect and 13 cases (29.5%) effctive, the total effective rate was 93.2% in therapy group with 44 cases; while in control group (43 cases), 15 cases (43.9%) showed cure effect and 23 cases (53.5%) effctive, the total effective rate was 88.4%. The symptoms of cough, phlegm, fever, headache and aversion to wind were significantly decreased in two groups. In therapy group, the numbers of cure effect, remarkable effect and efficacy were 22 (50%) ,11(25%) and 8 (18.2%) cases respectively, the total effective rate was 93.19% while the numbers of cure effect, remarkable effect and efficacy were 14 (32.6%) ,8(18.6%) and 12 (27.9%) cases respectively, the total effective rate was 79.07% in control group. The total effective ratio of two groups had significant difference (P>0.05).ConclusionsPuji-Xuanfei-Xiaodu decoction is effective in relieving cough.

Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Publishing ; standards ; Quality Control ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; standards

To develop a reverse dot blot assay for rapid detection of HBV genotypes.Specific oligonucleotides probes were desighed and immobilized on nylon membranes.The DNA sample to be tested was PCR-amplified with DIG labeling primers and then hybridized with the immobilized probes.This procedure for detecting HBV genotypes was simple,rapid and specificity.30 specimens in Chongqing area were collected and detected by this method,and results were evaluated using direct sequencing.Results showed that: This new method was applicable to precise detection HBV genotypes for specimen with copies up to 103,and the HBV genotyping results showed that genotype B was the predominant genotype in Chongqing area.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of successive trigger needling plus motorial needling in treating external humeral epicondylitis.Method Sixty-two eligible subjects with external humeral epicondylitis were randomized into a treatment group and a control group,31 cases each.The treatment group was intervened by successive trigger needling plus motorial needling,and the control group was treated with ordinary acupuncture.The two groups were both treated once a day.After 10 sessions of treatment,the changes of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scores were observed,and the clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups.Result The VAS and ADL scores were changed significantly respectively after 1-week and 2-week treatment in both groups (P＜0.05).After the treatment,the changes of VAS and ADL scores in the treatment group were significantly different from those in the control group (P＜0.05).The total effective rate was 96.8％ in the treatment group versus 93.5％ in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Successive trigger needling plus motorial needling is an effective approach in treating external humeral epicondylitis,and it can improve the ADL.

Objective To discuss the surgical procedures and treatment after combined liver and intestinal transplantation with portal venous drainage and enterostomy of two ends in one case.Methods A male patient with liver dysfunction and short bowel syndrome underwent the combined liver and intestinal transplantation.With the techniques of en bloc,the liver and intestinal grafts were harvested from cadaveric donor.The intestinal graft,200 cm long,was implanted with portal venous drainage and aortic inflow,and enterostomy of both ends was performed instead of intestinal anastomosis.The liver graft was placed in a piggyback fashion with end to end anastomosis of the bile ducts without T tube. Inmunosuppression protocol was administrated with campath-1H and tacrolimus.Endoscopic biopsy of intestinal graft was performed regularly,and clinical observation was done to monitor the acute rejection.Results In the first month after operation,abdominal infection was controlled by intraperitoneal drainage with open surgery.One suspect acute rejection was treated with methylprednisolone.Until sixth month,the functions of liver and intestine were progressively restored.However,the patient lost weight and could not be free from intravenous nutrition because of diarrhea.Conclusion Combined liver and intestinal transplantation with portal venous drainage and enterostomy of two ends is a simple surgical procedure with lower risk of surgical complications.This method is propitious to monitoring rejection and function improvement of the grafts.Diarrhea and loss of digestive juice are the main reasons of low body weight and malnutrition.

OBJECTIVETo study the accumulation of fluoride in rat hippocampus and its effect on cholinesterase activity.

METHODSRats were subchronically exposed to NaF, and fluoride concentration and cholinesterase activity in rat hippocampus were determined.

RESULTSFluoride concentration in rat hippocampus was significantly correlated with the dosage of fluoride, and there were significant differences among high dosage group [(13.03 +/- 1.79) micro g/g], low dosage group [(9.83 +/- 0.92) micro g/g] and control [(8.27 +/- 1.11) micro g/g], P < 0.01. Acetylcholinesterase activities among three groups [(0.111 +/- 0.031) micro mol/mg, (0.143 +/- 0.025) micro mol/mg, (0.183 +/- 0.027) micro mol/mg] were also significantly different (P < 0.01), which was negatively correlated with fluoride concentration in rat hippocampus (r = -0.700, P < 0.01). The activity of butylcholinesterase in high dosage group [(0.041 +/- 0.010) micro mol/mg] was different from that of control [(0.067 +/- 0.025) micro mol/mg, P < 0.05], but the activity was not significantly related with fluoride concentration in rat hippocampus (r = -0.317, P = 0.094).

CONCLUSIONFluoride may go through the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in rat hippocampus, and inhibit the activity of cholinesterase.

Acetylcholinesterase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Butyrylcholinesterase ; metabolism ; Fluoride Poisoning ; metabolism ; Fluorides ; pharmacokinetics ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Male ; Organ Size ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of all the coding region in ABCA1 gene in 112 patients with coronary heart diseases.

METHODSWith polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) combining argentation and glue retrieval, DNA sequencing, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), the SNP of the 50 exons in all the coding regions of ABCA1 gene was detected in 112 patients with established diagnosis of coronary heart disease.

RESULTSIn the Chinese population with coronary heart disease, besides the SNP variation at R219K and M883I as widely reported, a new single base variation at A1092G in exon 7 was detected, which led to a conversion of the amino-side residue to M223V. This variation was confirmed to represent a novel SNP by RFLP in 108 normal subjects.

CONCLUSIONSThe Chinese population with coronary heart disease has not only the reported SNP changes at the sites R219K and M883I, but also changes at the new SNP site of M233V, which is discovered for the first time in M233V of ABCA1 gene. This variation may increase the risks for coronary heart diseases, and its exact function awaits examination in further epidemiologic survey.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Base Sequence ; Coronary Disease ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Open Reading Frames ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Objective To explore the normal range of the insula volume of Chinese adults of the Han nationality and its relationship with age, which provide morphological data for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.Methods This is a clinical multi-center study.One thousand Chinese healthy volunteers (age range = 18 to 70) recruited from 16 hospitals were divided into 5 groups, i.e.,Group A ( age range = 18 to 30), B ( age range = 31 to 40 ), C ( age range = 41 to 50 ), D ( age range =51 to 60), and E (age range =61 to 70).Each group contained 100 males and 100 females.All of the volunteers were scanned by MR using T1 weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence.After three dimension data reconstruction, the volumes of bilateral insula were manually measured.The volume of bilateral insula were compared by paired sample t test.The insula volumes were compared between male and female by independent sample t test, and the differences among 5 age groups were compared by one-way ANNOVA.The relationship between the volumes of insula and age,sex or cerebral volume were analyzed using bivariate correlation, respectively.Results The left snd right side volume of insula before standarized were (7764±1165) and (7387±1128) mm3 respectively, after standarized were (8413±1201 ) and (7871±1140) mm3 respectively.The left insula volume were significant larger than that of right(t = - 10.565, - 16.014,P <0.01 ).The left and fight volume of insula were (8146±1181 ) and (7735±1113) mm3 for male, and (7393±1022) mm3 and (7050±1038) mm3for female.The left and right insula volumes for male were larger than the female's(t = 10.934,9.945 ,P <0.01 ).The left and right insula volume of male after standarized were (8779±1230 ) and (8224±1081 )mm3, female were (8043±1054) and (7515±1091 ) mm3 ,the left and right insula volume of male were larger than the female's ( t = 4.858,4.632, P < 0.01 ).The left insula volumes among Group A, B, C, D,E before standarized were ( 8268±1221 ), ( 8067±1107 ), ( 7869±1109), ( 7603±1111 ), ( 6997±934 )mm3 respectively,the right were (8028±1156), (7636±1075), (7294±986), (7249±1068), (6717±916) mm3 respectively, there were significant differences among 5 groups between left and right insula volume(F= -0.361,-0.337,P <0.01 ).The left insula volume of A,B,C,D,E after standarized were ( 9093±1105 ), ( 8679±965 ), ( 8810±1136), ( 8202±980), ( 7273±940 )mm3, the right were ( 8694±1005), (8136±1100), (8034±910), (7496±990), (6989±932) mm3, there were significant differences among 5 groups between left and right insula volume(F = -0.490, -0.512,P < 0.01 ).There was significant negative correlation between the volume and age ( before standarizded:r = -0.361, -0.337, after standardized r = -0.490, -0.512, P<0.05).Before and after standardized, there was significant correlation between the volume of right and left insula and cerebral volume ( r = 0.470,0.459, P < 0.05 ).Before and after standardized, there was significant correlation between the volume of right and left insula and weight( r = 0.141, 0.092, P < 0.05 ).Conclusions 1.5 T MR scanner has high resolution, for distinguishing the white matter from the gray matter, and provide morphological data of insula for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.