Based on the assessment of protease (acid,neutral and alkaline protease) activity and amylase activity (?- amylase and ?- amylase),one Aspergillus oryzae K61 was selected from five wild Aspergillus oryzae which are original from spontaneous fermented soybean paste.One Aspergillus oryzae Y29 was screened with ultraviolet radiation.The Aspergillus oryzae Y29 can produce higher protease activity than original Aspergillus oryzae K61,and its hereditary stability is higher.Compared with Aspergillus oryzae 3.042,the Aspergillus oryzae Y29 showed higher protease activity,however,the both strains did not have significant difference on the amylase activity,growing speed of the strain and number of spore.Both strains were applied to producing soybean paste.The soybean that was produced by Aspergillus oryzae Y29 has full-bodied soybean paste flavor,and the soluble nitrogen (0.77g/100ml) is higher than the Aspergillus oryzae 3.042.

0.05).During unilateral contact maximal biting EMG activity of the temporalis-anterior muscle on the bitting-side was higher than that on the disoccluded side(P0.05).Conclusion: Vertical distance occlusion contact may affect the EMG activity of temporalis-anterior muscle but not on that of masseter muscle during the central biting.

Humans ; Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Objective To study the possible effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)on the sleep structure of the patients with Parkinson's disease.Methods Fifteen PD patients attending an outpatient Movement Disorders Unit at Department of Neurology,Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine,between September 2006 and December 2007 were included in the study.All patients had received TMS treatment.The stimuli were delivered through a circular coil with a 12 cm diameter and a 2.0 T peak magnetic field.They underwent clinical evaluation and polys omnographic (PSG) evaluation before and after a minimum treatment period of 10 days with TMS.Results The mean UPDRS score was significantly decreased after TMS(before treatment,38.83?16.72;after treatment,25.09?11.10).PSG revealed that administration of TMS resulted in significant decrease in mean Sleep latency[before treatment,(53.50?46.40)min;after treatment,(30.43?23.91)min].Slow wave (stage 3+4) was found in somes patients after treatment.But here was a trend towards an decrease in Percentage of stage 1,REM latency and REM sleep without significance.Conclusion This study demonstrates that motor symptom of PD was improved and Sleep latency was decreased by TMS.Sleep structure was not changed before and after TMS treatment.

Objective To analyze the genetic difference of biological characters on germplasm resources of fenugreek(Trigonella foenumgraecum) and to study the genetic diversity of them.Methods Thirty-two fenugreek germplasm resources from Ningxia, other provinces in China,and abroad were used to investigate the biological characters on plant height,pod formation height,nodes per main stem,branches number,effective pod per plant and so on.The tested materials were planted in the farm of Ningxia University.The genetic diversity based on the phenotype was analyzed by Word′s minimum variance method.Results The variance analyses of ten biological characters were of significance or the most significance except pod length.The branches number and effective pod per plant possessed the largest coefficient of variance(CV). The pairwise Euclidean distance of the tested materials ranged from 1.11 to 9.49,averaged 4.01.Mean Euclidean distance of single tested material ranged from 2.94 to 6.54.The tested germplasm resources could be divided into three groups in D=6.86,which coincided with the district of collecting germplasm resources on the whole.Conclusion There is a little genetic difference in various fenugreek germplasm resources.Compared with Euclidean distance of germplasm resources from Ningxia,the Euclidean distance of most from abroad is far away from that of other provinces in China.

For thousands of years, the natural resource for Chinese materiamedica has been the foundation of the traditional Chinese medicine industry, which provides abundant medicine for human. In recent years, increasing demands and irrational exploitation led to a lot of problems such as rapid decrease of traditional Chinese herbs reserves, low quality of medicine and dismishing traditional cultures. These restricted the development of the traditional Chinese medicine. To solve these problems, scientists have done much work on investigating traditional Chinese medicine resources, exploring the metabolic pathway of bioactive ingredients, cultivating new varieties, and carrying out synthetic biology. These studies provided a theoretical basis for sustainable utilizationand future developmentof traditional Chinese medicine resources.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Materia Medica ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends

Objective To study the effects of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)on Parkinson's plus syndrome(PPS).Methods Fifteen in-patients with PPS were studied between 2005 and 2008.The patients received 1 Hz rTMS at an intensity 30%over the threshold.The rTMS was applied on the hand representive area of the bilateral first motor cortex,50 stimulations on each side,5 arrays,for 5 min,once daily for 15 d.Hamilton's depression scale(HAMD),Hamilton's anxiety scale(HAMA),the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale(UPDRS,which can be subdivided into UPDRS Ⅰ,UPDRS Ⅱ and UPDRS Ⅲ),an activities of daily living scale(ADL),the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and motor evoked potential(MEP)were assessed before and immediately after 15 d of rTMS treatment. Results Average HAMD,HAMA,UPDRS,UPDRS Ⅱ and UPDRS Ⅲ scores all decreased,and ADL scores increased significantly after treatment,while UPDRSⅠand MMSE scores were unchanged before and after treatment.No significant changes in resting motor threshold or central motor conduction time of the MEP were observed after rTMS treatment. Conclusion Clinical symptoms of PPS patients improved after rTMS treatment and side effects were few.Depression,anxiety,motor function and ability in the activities of daily living improved greatly.Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation is a potential treatment for PPS patients.There may be no correlation between the effective mechanism of rTMS and cortex excitation.

Objective To investigate the effects of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on motor function and excitability of motor cortex in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and to study the mechanism of PD from the electrophysiology. Methods Twenty-eight patients with PD received 1 Hz rTMS therapy for 15 d. Thirty normal volunteers were enrolled as controls. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and motor evoked potential (MEP) were adopted as assessment indicators. The excitability of motor cortex was assessed by rest motor threshold (RMT), central motor conduction time (CMCT) and the amplitude of MEP. Results The initial RMTs and CMCTs of PD patients were significantly lower than those of the controls, but MEP amplitudes were not significantly different. After rTMS treatment, motor function of PD patients improved, RMTs increased and CMCTs prolonged. Conclusion In PD patients, motor function disorder and increased motor cortical excitability were observed. Low frequency rTMS may inhibit these changes to some extent.

Objective To investigate the nutritional risks, undernutrition, and nutritional support among inpatients in tertiary hospitals in Tianjin using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002). Methods Inpatients in six departments in two tertiary hospitals in Tianjin (Tianjin Nankai Hospital and Tianjin Chest Hospital ) were consecutively enrolled from March 2005 to March 2006. Their nutritional risks were screened using NRS 2002, and the nutritional support was investigated. Results A total of 1200 inpatients received nutritional screening, and 93.0% of them underwent NRS 2002 scoring. The prevalence of undernutrition was 9. 8% and the prevalence of nutritional risk was 42. 8%. Of these patients, 241 patients (46.4%) with NRS2002≥3 received nutrition support, and 244 patients (35.9%) with NRS2002 ＜3 received nutritional support Conclusions NRS2002 is suitable for nutritional risk screening among inpatients. Inpatients usually have nutritional risks or undernutrition. However, physicians at different levels in different regions have different awareness of such risks or conditions, and the clinical application of nutritional supports sometimes are inappropriate.

Adult ; Antigens, Nuclear ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglioglioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; metabolism