?-Synuclein (?-SYN ) .previously identified as a breast cancer specific gene, has a wildly tumor expression profile mainly in advanced stage. As a special chaperone,?- SYN stimulates the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells through interacting with estrogen receptor and (or) BubR1. Meanwhile, it is also detectable in the serum or urine from tumor patients, which indicates that?- SYN could be potential as a tumor marker for diagnosis and prognosis.

Objective To study the influence of colon hydrotherapy on premature infants with jaundice.Methods Based on intravenously infusing yinzhihuang and albumin and enzyme inducer,the warmed normal saline was poured into colon by 10 mL/kg per 8 hours in 40 preterm infants,and compared with 44 cases of control group.Serum bilirubin of all patients were measured at 24,72,120,168,216 hours,respectively.The days of meconiumbeing eliminated completely were recorded.Results The bilirubinemia level in trial group were lower in trial group than that in control group at every time and the rate of hyperbilirubinemia of the test group was lower(?~2=4.073 P

PBL,problem based learning,is a kind of teaching model for resolving problems. Based on the present teaching situation of our university,my experience in NewYork University and my teaching experience for overseas students,this article elucidated the importance and necessity of PBL teaching model in overseas student education and put forward a suitable PBL teaching method.

Objective To explore the personality characteristics of abused children in order to reduce the incidence of child abuse.Methods Two hundred and ninty five middle school students were investigated with general questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire of children. Eighty six students experiencing child abuse (CA) last year as study group and one hundred and ninety six non-abuse children as controls (NCA) were analyzed by means of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire of children.Results The score of neuroticism in CA group was significantly higher than that in the control group (55.62±10.60/52.65±10.98,t=-2.114 P=0.035). The score of lie in CA group was significantly lower than that in control group (42.21±9.87/46.04±9.20,t=3.184 P=0.002). On the impact of different sex, the psychoticism score of male was significantly higher than that in the control group(52.37±11.49/48.04±9.97,t=-2.227 P=0.028), and the lie score was significantly lower than that in control group(41.03±9.18/46.18±8.79,t=3.125 P=0.002).The scores of those in the female were not significant.Conclusions There is a close association between the unstable emotion and child abuse in children, so training emotional self-control and emotional expression of children might be a intervention strategy in the future. In addition, the frequency of lie in children is probably one of factors that determine whether children are abused or not.

Objective To investigate the differences in psychological problems and behaviors between asth-matic and nonasthmatic children,and to evaluate the psychological interventions. Methods Behaviors and psycholog-ical actions were investigated in the 126 children with asthma and 126 healthy children, after psychological interven-tions of 3 and 6 months,the effects were evaluated in 28 asthmatic children. Results Behavioral and psychological problems were more prevalent in asthmatics than nonasthmaties, psychological and behavioral problems were different in asthmatic children of different severity and gender, psychological and behavioral interventions as well as drug ther-apy have beneficial effects on controlling of asthmatic symptoms and improving the pulmonary function, it could cor-rect and cure the bad behavioral and psychological problems and improve the quality of life. Conclusion Asthma contributes to the development of behavioral and psychological problems in children. Psychological and behavioral in-tervention in children with asthma has many positive effects on controlling the symptoms and improving the pul-monary function,it could correct and cure the bad behavioral and psychological problems and improve the quality of life.

Objective To determine relationships between daily activities measured as modified version of Pulmonary Functional status and Dyspnea Questionaire (PFSDQ-M) and functional capacity and symptoms experienced in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Convenience sample of 94 COPD patients with stable condition were assessed by interview with PFSDQ-M Chinese version and modified Medical Research council dyspnea scale (MMRC) respectively. Pulmonary function test (PFT) and 6-minute walking test (6MWT) were undergone on the same day or within one week as interview. PFSDQ-M has three subscales,i.e.,change experienced by patient with activities (CA),dyspnea with activities (DA) and fatigue with activities (FA). Results Scores of CA,DA and FA correlated to 6-minute walking distancer= (-0.37)- (-0.42),FEV_1 r=(-0.27)-(-0.32),FEV_1/FVC r= (-0.27)- (-0.32),dyspnea rated by MMRC (r=0.55-0.60) and BODE index (r=0.35-0.40),respectively (all P<0.01). dyspnea explained 26% of the variance in changes of activities. Conclusions Physical activities moderately changed in patients with stable COPD;Dyspnea is the best predictor of limitation of daily activities.

Objective To explore the expression of c-Fos protein and character of mossy fiber sprouting(MFS) in hippocampus of rat with febrile seizures(FS).Methods Thirty-six 21-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into FS group,febrile control(FG) group and normal control(NG) group.FS was established by hyperthermal bath.Immune histochemistry and(Timm′s) staining were used to examine the expression of c-Fos protein in CA1 region and MFS in CA3 region of hippocampus.Results Excessive expression of c-Fos protein presented in the hippocampal CA1 region of FS group.The surface area percentage of c-Fos protein of FS group[(2.26?0.23)%] was higher than that of FG group[(1.08?0.19)%] and NG group[(0.71?0.14)%],there were significant difference between FS group and the other two groups(?~2=10.48 P

Nitrobenzene is one of the toxic compounds. Much work had focused on biodegradation of it sofar. Two main pathways for nitrobenzene biodegradation, oxidative and partial reductive pathways, were reviewed in this article. The mechanism of these pathways including involved enzymes and genes was introduce in details. Comparative analysis of the pathways would provide basis for the development and application of biodegradation technology for nitrobenzene and other organic pollutants.

Objective To explore the influence of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)on testicular germ cell apoptosis of experimental unilateral cryptorchidism in rats.Methods Forty immature male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into unilateral cryptorchi-dism group(n=20) and sham operation group(n=20).The 2 groups were divided into group treated with HCG and group without HCG.At age 21 days,unilateral cryptorchidism was produced.Half of the rats were injected with 20 U HCG from day 22 to 34 every other day.At age of 35 d and 60 d,rats were sacrificed for detection germ cell apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL).Results Apoptosis index(AI) of cryptorchidism testis were higher compared with the scrotal testis in sham operation group(P0.05).AI of the scrotal testis of sham operation group and unilateral cryptorchidism group with HCG was higher compared with the correspond groups without HCG,and there were significant difference of AI between sham operation group and the correspond group without HCG at age 35 days(P0.05).Conclusions AI of testicular is increased both in cryptorchidism testis and scrotal testis in experimental unilateral cryptorchidism;HCG adds the number of apoptotic germ cells,and histology damage of testis is not completely recovery after stop using HCG.So clinical application of HCG must be cautious and operation ought to be done as early as possible in cryptorchidism.

This study is to explore the reason of "the older, the better" of PCR and itsincrease of flavonoids. We identified the fun- gus isolated from the PCR using microscopic and molecular identification. HPLC method was used to determine the content of 4 fla- vonoids and to clarifythe regularity of them; UV spectrophotometry method was used to determine the total content of flavonoids; reverse thinking was applied to screen the fungus that have close relation to the change of flavonoids. Finally, we have isolated and identified 25 fungusfrom the PCR, which belong to 2 genus and 4 species, including pencillium commune, P. minioluteeum, P. citrinum, Aspergillus flavus and A. niger. The content of flavonoids was increased in the mildew PCR due to A. niger and other fungus. Therefore, "the ol- der, the better" of PCR had its scientific reason that the increase of flavonoids had a close relation of the metabolic activity of A. niger and other fungus.
Citrus ; chemistry ; microbiology ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Fungi ; isolation & purification