? AlM: To analyze the incidence, characteristics and related risk factors of high intraocular pressure after pars plana vitrectomy ( PPV) .
?METHODS: Totally, 146 patients (146 eyes) undergone PPV in our hospital were selected. Age, gender, eye, course and operation time of patients were compared, in order to understand the incidence rate and characteristics of high intraocular pressure. Primary diseases, intraoperative treatment methods and intraocular tamponade type were compare, in order to analyze the related risk factors of high intraocular pressure.
? RESULTS: Forty - seven patients occurred high intraocular pressure after operation, the incidence rate was 32. 2%. There was no significant difference in age, gender, eye, course and operation time (P>0. 05). The incidence rate in diabetic patients with simple vitreous hemorrhage and with tractional retinal detachment were 21.1% and 57.6%, respectively (P<0.05). The incidence rate in retinal detachment with PVR below grade C2 and above C2 were 19. 0% and 43. 8%, respectively (P<0. 05). The incidence rate in ocular trauma with vitreous hemorrhage and with intraocular foreign bodies were 25. 0% and 70. 0%, respectively (P<0. 05). The incidence rate of patients treated with panretinal photocoagulation was 50. 8%, significantly higher than patients without treated with panretinal photocoagulation (P<0. 05). The incidence rate of patients treated with part panretinal photocoagulation was 29. 5%, higher than patients without treated with panretinal photocoagulation, but there was no statistical difference ( P > 0. 05 ). The incidence rate of using silicone oil, C3 F8 and simple ventilation were 59. 7%, 34. 5% and 14. 5%, respectively (P<0. 05).
? CONCLUSlON: After vitrectomy intraocular hypertension incidence and preoperative, intraoperative treatment of primary disease is closely related to factors such as the way and intraocular tamponade.

Objective To explore the personality characteristics of abused children in order to reduce the incidence of child abuse.Methods Two hundred and ninty five middle school students were investigated with general questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire of children. Eighty six students experiencing child abuse (CA) last year as study group and one hundred and ninety six non-abuse children as controls (NCA) were analyzed by means of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire of children.Results The score of neuroticism in CA group was significantly higher than that in the control group (55.62±10.60/52.65±10.98,t=-2.114 P=0.035). The score of lie in CA group was significantly lower than that in control group (42.21±9.87/46.04±9.20,t=3.184 P=0.002). On the impact of different sex, the psychoticism score of male was significantly higher than that in the control group(52.37±11.49/48.04±9.97,t=-2.227 P=0.028), and the lie score was significantly lower than that in control group(41.03±9.18/46.18±8.79,t=3.125 P=0.002).The scores of those in the female were not significant.Conclusions There is a close association between the unstable emotion and child abuse in children, so training emotional self-control and emotional expression of children might be a intervention strategy in the future. In addition, the frequency of lie in children is probably one of factors that determine whether children are abused or not.

Objective To identify the effect of IGFBPrP1 on the secretion of extracellular matrix in hepatic stellate cells through the Smad3 signaling pathway. Methods (1)Two pairs of chemically synthesized siRNAs (siRNA1, siRNA2) targeting Smad3 were transfected into HSC-T6 cells,real-time PCR and Western blot were used to evaluate the silence efficiency, and the better siRNA was used. (2)HSC-T6 cells were divided into four groups: Negative control group, siRNA-Smad3 transfection group, siRNA-Smad3+IGFBPrP1 group and IGFBPrP1 group. The better siRNA was chosen to transfect into HSC-T6 cells. The protein expressions of Smad3, fibronectin and Collagen Ⅰ were evaluated by Western blot. Results (1)siRNA2-Smad3 inhibited Smad3 gene expression stronger than another siRNA. (2)After transfection of siRNA2-Smad3, the protein expression of Smad3 was significantly decreased compared to the negative control group(P＜0.01). The protein expression of fibronectin and Collagen Ⅰ in IGFBPrP1 stimulating HSCs treated with siRNA2-Smad3 were significantly decreased compared to that in IGFBPrP1 stimulating HSC without siRNA2-Smad3 (P ＜0. 01 ).Conclusion IGFBPrP1 induces the secretion of extracellular matrix in hepatic stellate cells through the Smad3 signaling pathway.

Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital ; pathology ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Siblings

AlM: To observe the clinic effect of oral mucosa transplantation in the treatment of severe contracted conjunctival sac after ocular prosthesis implantation .
METHODS: Thirty-three cases ( 33 eyes ) with globe disorders and severe contracted conjunctval sac were operated ocular prosthesis implantation firstly, and conjunctival sac plasty using oral mucosa after 6mo.
RESULTS: Thirty - one cases were successful, no complications appeared. One case had primary ptosis and 1 case had recurrent conjunctival sac contracture.
CONCLUSlON:lt is recognised that the methods of oral mucosa transplantation in severe contracted conjunctival sac after ocular prosthesis implantation are effective on those cases.

AIM: To observe the comparison of vitrectomy combined drug therapy ( Ranibizumab injection ) and single vitrectomy for proliferatived diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) and the influence of the curative effect and prognosis of patients.
METHODS:In this study, 112 cases (125 eyes) with PDR were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group ( n= 56 ) . Fifty-six cases ( 61 eyes ) in experimental group were injected by drug therapy of 0. 5mg ranibizumab and received vitrectomy;In control group, 56 cases ( 64 eyes ) were received single vitrectomy. The intraoperative and postoperative differences of clinical indicators were analyzed in two groups.
RESULTS: The average operation time, intraoperative electric coagulation hemostasis rate and iatrogenic hiatal incidence of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group:(95. 00±13. 00) min vs (133. 00±14.5) min, 11% vs 34%, 5% vs 20%, respectively (P<0. 05). The anterior chamber and vitreous body cavity hemorrhage rate within postoperative 1mo in the experimental group were lower than that of the control group:7% vs 23%, 5% vs 12%, respectively (P<0. 05). The postoperative visual acuity of experimental group was better than that of the control group:0. 375±0. 210 vs 0. 261±0. 170, respectively (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Patients with PDR injected with ranibizumab in vitreous cavity before vitrectomy can effectively reduce the operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, the incidence of iatrogenic hiatus, and intraoperative and postoperative complications. The postoperative visual acuity was better than before.

Objective To forward the concept of solution space of pharmacokinetics for studying radiophannaceutical distributions in animal models. Methods On the basis of special solutions of differential equations of pharmacokinetics, the solution space was established using the characteristics of linearly independent particular solutions and used to express the pharmacokinetics of pharmaceuticals in vivo. 0. 2 ml (7.4 MBq) 2β-carbomethoxy-3β- (4-corophenyl)-8-(2-18F-fluoroethyl) nortropane (18F-FECNT) was injected through tail vein into normal mice. The mice were sacrificed by decapitation at 5, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min post-injection. Brain tissues were removed and weighed, and radioactivity was counted with the γ-counter. The solution space theory was used to study pharmacokinetics of 18F-FECNT in brain tissues of mice. Results The result showed that all solutions of pharmacokinetics models, based on differential equations, were included in the solution space. The solution of any organ or tissue could be linearly expressed by bases of the solution space. When the dimension number of the solution space was no more than 3, the solution could be directly expressed with coordinate picture. By this rule in our theory, the quantity of 18F-FECNT in brain tissues of mice changed with time, which was accorded with the experiment. The coordinates of striatum, frontal cortex, temporal cortex, occipital cortex, parietal cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum in the solution space were ( 10.13, 1.49), (4.27, 0. 84), (4.48, 0.81 ), (2.89, 0.98), (3.65, 0. 83),(3.55, 0. 98) and (2.03, 1.25 ), respectively. Conclusion The theory of solution space could be used to study pharmacokinetics of 18 F-FECNT in mice brain.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the complex clinical syndrome attributed to multiple causes and risk factors, which is characterized by an abrupt loss of renal function. Metabonomics, recently advances in the field of omics, is the nontargeted measurement of all of the low-molecularweight compounds that appear in a particular cell, tissue, organ or biofluid in a living organism. Compared to genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics,metabonomics has its unique advantages, including fewer metabolites than genes, transcripts and proteins, the most accurate predictors of the signature of the actual processes, easy access to biofluids. Thus, metabonomics makes it possible to find new biomarkers for AKI on early diagnosis, identifying new metabolic pathways, finding new targets for drug therapy and individual medical treatment.

A general review is here presented on the development, composition, existing problems and prospects of telerobotic laparoscopic surgery systems, based on the related literatures and informations in recent years.
Laparoscopy ; methods ; Robotics ; methods

Objective To evaluate the prognosis influencing factors of early non-small cell luny cancer (NSCLC) after radiotherapy.Methods 81 early NSCLC patients received definitive radiotherapy and were eligible.Among these patients,60 were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma,16 were adenocarcinoma and 5 were diagnosed through imaging instead of pathology.45 patients received conventional radiotherapy,36 patients received three dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT),All of them received a total dose of 50-96 Gy with a median dose of 67.8 Gy. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression model analysis were applied to evaluate the survival and prognostic factors. Results The median survival time was 34 months.The 1-,3- and 5-year survival rates (OS) were 88.7 ％,41.9 ％,21.8 ％,respectively.Karnofsky performance status≥80,Clinical stage, diameter≤4 cm and the therapeutic effect were associated with improving overall survival.Cox hazards model showed that Karnofsky performance status≥ 80 and diameter≤4 cm were likely to be independent positive prognostic factors. Conclusion Karnofsky performance status and tumor diamater can be used to evaluate the prognosis of early NSCLC after radiotherapy.