Objective To evaluate the effect of HTK solution on myocardial protection during valve replacement surgery.Methods 42 patients with rheumatic heart disease were randomized to receive 4∶1cold blood (control group,n =21 ) and HTK ( protective gronp,n =21 ) cardioplegic solution during valve replacement.The changes of CO and CI were collected at different time points including pre-operation,postoperative 6 hours,12 hours and 24 hours.Aortic clamping time,the ratio of spontaneous cardiac rhythm recovery and inotropic drugs application were calculated,and mechanical ventilation support time and the incidence of arrhythmia were recorded.Results The measurements of CO and CI showed that there was significant higher level in protective group at postoperative 12 hours and 24 hours [ 12 h:(4.82 ± 0.18 ) L/min vs ( 3.50 ± 0.32 ) L/min,( 3.80 ± 0.48 ) L/( min · m2 ) vs (2.79 ± 0.39) L/( min · m2 ) ;24 h:(4.97±0.45)L/min vs ( 3.81 ±0.19)L/min,(4.22±0.17)L/(min · m2) vs (2.91 ±0.21)L/(min·m2 ),P ＜ 0.05].The clinical parameters including aortic clamping time,incidence of cardiac arrhythmia,inotropic support,duration of mechanical ventilation and length was lower than in control group [ (53.6 ±24.3 ) min vs ( 68.9 ± 26.1 ) min ; ( 1.8 ± 1.3 ) min vs ( 2.3 ± 1.2 ) min ; ( 33 ± 11 ) min vs ( 42 ± 13 ) min ;(10.2±2.1) μg/(kg · min) vs (15.7 ±3.8) μg/(kg · min);(14.6 ±4.8)h vs (20.7 ±5.1)h,P ＜0.05].The auto-beating rate was higher than in control group (90％ vs 67％,P ＜0.05).Conclusions HTK solution is better than classical blood cardioplegia in myocardial protection during valve replacement.

Objective To provide imaging anatomy basis for percutaneous nephrolithotomy ( PCNL) by measuring relative displacement and changes in anatomical position of kidney and colon under the prone and low-oblique supine positions.Methods Forty-six patients scheduled for PCNL underwent 64-slice spiral CT scan under the prone and low-arch oblique supine position before the PCNL.The horizontal distance of kidney and colon,the distance from colon and analog puncturing line,the distance between the kidney and colon were measured and compared between the 2 positions.Results The distance from colon and analog puncturing line under the low-oblique supine and prone positions were as follows,the left (26.56 ±15.36) mm versus (12.25 ±13.16) mm (t=3.527,P<0.05),the right (25.85 ±14.26) mm versus (13.57 ± 12.53) mm (t=3.234,P<0.05).The differences of the rest distances between the 2 positions were not significant ( P>0.05).Conclusions The distance between colon and analog puncturing line increases in the low-arch oblique supine position,because the colon shifts to the ventral.The PCNL in low-arch oblique supine position may reduce the incidence of colon injury,and improve surgical safety.

This study aimed to investigate the drug susceptibility of wild-type and mutant avian influenza A (H7N9) virus neuraminidase (NA) to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Codon optimized DNA of H7N9 (A/ Hangzhou/1/2013) NA was synthesized and constructed into the pcDNA3.1/His vector (NA(H7N9-WT)). Mutant NA(H7N9-H274Y) and NA(H7N9-R292K) plasmids were constructed by directed mutagenesis PCR using NA(H7N9-WT) plasmid as the template followed by sequencing. NA plasmids were transfected into 293T cells and cell lysates containing NAs were collected 48 h post-transfection. Wild-type and mutant NAs were analyzed by Western blotting and their activities were tested by the 4-MUNANA-based assay. All three NAs were expressed and enzymatic activities were confirmed. The effects of oseltamivir and zanamivir on all three NAs were then tested. It showed that the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of oseltamivir carboxylate on NA(H7N9-WT), NA(H7N9-H274Y) and NA(H7N9-R292K) were 1.6 nM, 15.1 nM, and > 1 000 nM with fold changes of 9 and > 625, respectively. The IC50 values of zanamivir on NA(H7N9-WT), NA(H7N9-H274Y), and NA(H7N9-R292K) were 1.1 nM, 1.4 nM, and 38.0 nM with fold changes of 1.3 and 34, respectively. These results indicated that oseltamivir and zanamivir could significantly inhibit NA(H7N9-WT). NA(H7N9-R292K) showed high-level resistance to both drugs (34-fold and 625-fold) and NA(H7N9-H274Y) was sensitive to both (1.3-fold and 9-fold). These results indicated that both oseltamivir and zanamivir could be used for patients infected with the H7N9 virus. However, when patients carried the H7N9 virus with a NA R292K mutation, other medications would be preferred over oseltamivir or zanamivir.
Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; drug effects ; enzymology ; genetics ; Influenza, Human ; virology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mutation ; Neuraminidase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oseltamivir ; pharmacology ; Viral Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Zanamivir ; pharmacology

Biomarkers, Tumor ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Neoplasms

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile

Objective To evaluate the biological toxicity of heavy metals by using Caenorhabditis elegans. Methods The C. elegans at L4 stage were exposed to CdCl2 CrCl3 As2O3 PbCl2 HgCl2 with low concentrations and M9 buffer the control group for 72 h respectively and the effects of heavy metals with different concentrations on the survival time and reproduction of C. elegans were evaluated. Results After exposure to 2.5 10μmol/L HgCl2 and PbCl2 10μmol/L CdCl2 and 50μmol/L CrCl3 for 72 h respectively the life spans and survival curves of the C. elegans were different from those in the control group the differences were statistically significant all P<0.05 . After exposure to CdCl2 CrCl3 As2O3 PbCl2 and HgCl2 with the con?centrations of 2.5 50 100μmol/L for 72 h respectively the generational time and brood size of C. elegans were all different from those in the control group all P<0.01 . Among the 5 heavy metals at low concentrations the reproduction toxicity of Hg was bigger than Pb Cd Cr and the toxicity of As was the weakest. Conclusion Heavy metal exposure can affect the life span and reproductive toxicity of C. elegans.

Objective To assess the image findings of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).Methods Image findings of 9 patients with surgically proved femoroacetabular impingement were retrospectively reviewed for characteristic image findings of FAL All 9 patients underwent X-ray examinations and MRI of affected hip, and 1 patient underwent MR arthrography (MRA) additionally. Results X-ray examinations of all 9 patients showed bump at femoral head-neck junction or overcoverage of the acetabula.MRI showed various degrees of injury of anterosuperior labrum in all 9 patients. The injuries were stage Ⅰ A in2 cases, stage Ⅰ B in3, stage ⅡA in2, and stage ⅡB in 2. MRA of the case showed tears of anterosuperior labrum, with contrast media entering into the teared labrum. There were sclerosis and cystic degeneration of subchondral bone of femoral head in 2 cases, and these findings were confirmed as cartilage delamination by surgery. Conclusions MRI can display the injures of labrum and articular cartilage, which is helpful to the early diagnosis of FAI.

AIM: To study the technological parameters of the purification process of total flavonoids of Crataegus leaves with HPD-600 macroreticular resin. METHODS: Using orthogonal experiments,the adsorptive characteristics and elutive parameters of the process were studied by taking the elutive effects and purification ratio of total flavonoids of Crataegus leaves. RESULTS: Two significant factors which were the concentration of crude flavonoids solvent and elutant component were observed. CONCLUSION: The microwave-assisted extraction and purification process with macroreticular resin is employed,the content of total flavonoids is 80.75%, the rutin content is (1.38)%, The macroreticular resin can be used in the purification of flavonoids of Crataegus leaves.