1.Adenosine and the anti-epileptic actions of ketogenic diets.
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics 2012;50(12):903-905
2.Pediatric intractable epilepsy surgery.
Yun-Lin LI ; Guo-Ming LUAN ; Jian ZHOU ; Ming BAO
Chinese Journal of Surgery 2008;46(3):210-212
OBJECTIVETo explore the strategy of pediatric intractable epilepsy surgery.
METHODSThe clinical data of 96 pediatric cases with intractable epilepsy and epilepsy syndromes underwent surgical treatment from April 2004 to April 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTSThe surgical treatments were performed based on the results of comprehensive data from neurological, neurosurgical and pediatric departments. Among of them, 78 cases were performed with curative procedure, 17 cases with palliative procedure and 1 case with stereotactic damage procedure. The surgical effect was judged with Engel's standard, 58 cases had no seizure during 14 to 26 months follow-up, 26 cases had significantly improved in seizure control and the total efficiency was 87.5%. 81 cases had improvements in neuropsychological tests. 22 cases had postoperative complications such as neuro-dysfunctions and 15 cases were gradually recovered after the period of follow-up ended, 1 case died of CSF over drainage after operation 3 months.
CONCLUSIONSPediatric patients with symptomatic epilepsy and epilepsy syndromes are suitable to surgical treatment, the results are satisfactory in seizure control and neuropsychological function tests.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epilepsy ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
3.Pandanus tectorius derived caffeoylquinic acids inhibit lipid accumulation in HepG2 hepatoma cells through regulation of gene expression involved in lipid metabolism.
Chong-ming WU ; Hong LUAN ; Shuai WANG ; Xiao-po ZHANG ; Hai-tao LIU ; Peng GUO
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2015;50(3):278-283
The fruit of Pandanus tectorius (PTF) has a long history of use as a folk medicine to treat hyperlipidemia in Hainan province, South China. Our previous studies have shown that the n-butanol extract of PTF is rich in caffeoylquinic acids and has an adequate therapeutic effect on dyslipidemic animals induced by high-fat diet. In this work, seven caffeoylquinic acids isolated from PTF were screened for the lipid-lowering activity in HepG2 hepatoma cells. Oil-Red O staining, microscopy and intracellular triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) quantification showed that 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), 3, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-CQA), and 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,4,5-CQA) significantly inhibited lipid accumulation induced by oleic acid and decreased intracellular levels of TC and TG in a dose-dependent manner. These three caffeoylquinic acids showed no significant cytotoxicity at concentrations of 1 -50 μmol x L(-1) as determined by MTT assay. Realtime quantitative PCR revealed that 3-CQA and 3, 5-CQA significantly increased the expression of lipid oxidation-related genes PPARα, CPT-1 and ACOX1 while 3-CQA, 3, 5-CQA and 3,4,5-CQA decreased the expression of lipogenic genes SREBP-1c, SREBP-2, HMGR, ACC, FAS. Overall, 3-CQA, 3, 5-CQA and 3, 4, 5-CQA may be the principal hypolipidemic components in PTF which can decrease intracellular lipid accumulation through up-regulating the expression of lipid oxidative genes and down-regulating the expression of lipogenic genes.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
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metabolism
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China
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Cholesterol
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metabolism
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Hep G2 Cells
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Humans
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Lipid Metabolism
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Liver Neoplasms
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metabolism
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Oleic Acid
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Pandanaceae
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chemistry
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Quinic Acid
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analogs & derivatives
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chemistry
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Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1
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Triglycerides
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metabolism
4.The clinical and EEG features and mutation analysisin a Chinese patient with severe hypoplasia of the cerebellum and pons
Meng-Yang Wang ; Xing-Zhou Liu ; Jing Wang ; Guo-Ming Luan
Neurology Asia 2014;19(3):319-322
We report here a Chinese female infant with severe hypoplasia of the cerebellum and pons, and
heterozygous mutation (c.18G >T, p.E6D) in the TSEN54 gene. This mutation was not present in her
parents and the 100 Chinese controls, which proved to be a de novo missense mutation. MR imaging
of the patient revealed severe hypoplasia of the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres and vermis with
moderate flattening of the pons. A video EEG during hospitalization demostrated abnormal background
activities and generalized burst and attenuation patterns during interictal stage. The spasms and tonic
spasms occurred frequently in clusters with generalized voltage attenuation.
5.The effects of ethyl pyruvate on high mobility group box-1 protein expression in murine severe acute pancreatitis
Zhenggang LUAN ; Zhongye HE ; Cheng ZHANG ; Ming DONG ; Xiaochun MA ; Renxuan GUO
Chinese Journal of General Surgery 1993;0(03):-
Objective To explore the effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP) on high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) expression in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) rats.Methods Ninety male wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups: Group A (SAP group); group B (SAP rats received ethyl pyruvate therapy); group C (control group). Specimens from rats in the three groups were taken at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after operation respectively. The concentration of plasma amylase and D-lactate the activity of malonyl dialdehyde (MAD) in the intestinal tissue were determined. The changes of morphological damage of intestinal tissue was observed by microscopy. The expression of HMGB1 in intestinal mucosa was observed by SP immunohistochemistry and the activity of HMGB1 was determined by western blot.Results Compared with group A, Ievels of plasma amylase, and D-lactate in group B decreased markedly (P
6.Treatment of intractable epilepsy with hemispherectomy.
Chinese Journal of Surgery 2003;41(5):359-361
OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effectiveness of hemispherectomy for patients with intractable epilepsy.
METHODSThirty-six patients with intractable epilepsy were treated by modified hemispherectomy and their clinical results were followed up after operation.
RESULTSThe seizures of the 36 patients were effectively controlled and 34 (94.4%) were thoroughly controlled. Meanwhile, the dysfunction of the central nervous system in 30 patients (83.3%) was aggravated, and 5 patients (13.9%) showed better improvement than before. Neuropsychological assessment revealed much improvement in the patients.
CONCLUSIONSModified hemispherectomy is advisable for patients with wide-range lesion of the half-brain associated with intractable epilepsy.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epilepsy ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemispherectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult
7.Treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy with vagus nerve stimulation -- review of 45 cases.
Min BAO ; Jian ZHOU ; Guo-Ming LUAN
Chinese Medical Journal 2011;124(24):4184-4188
BACKGROUNDVagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an alternative treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). The study aimed to explore the potential factors of prognosis, safety and effect of VNS treatment in patients with DRE.
METHODSWe retrospectively examined 45 cases of DRE that received VNS treatment in our center from June 2004 to June 2010 and analyzed the parameters (age of patient receiving VNS, seizure frequency before and after VNS as well as treatment duration) by Student's t test, Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney U tests, and multivariate Logistic regression.
RESULTSThe overall response rate was 64% (29/45), 67% (6/9) for adults and 64% (23/36) for children, with no significant difference (P = 0.28). Twenty-two cases had been in VNS therapy for over 1 year with a treatment efficacy of 73% (16/22), whereas 23 cases had been in VNS therapy no more than 1 year with a treatment effecacy of 57% (13/23), and has statistically significant difference (P = 0.03). The main side effect included hoarseness of voice and cough. One patient's device was removed due to infection. One patient's VNS was half-way terminated due to seizure aggravation. One patient died due to status epilepticus.
CONCLUSIONSVNS is a safe and effective treatment for DRE. Duration of VNS therapy may be a crucial factor on prognosis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epilepsy ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Vagus Nerve Stimulation ; methods ; Young Adult
8.Rasmussen's syndrome and its treatment by hemispherectomy.
Chinese Medical Journal 2004;117(12):1865-1868
Child
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Child, Preschool
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Encephalitis
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diagnosis
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pathology
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surgery
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Follow-Up Studies
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Hemispherectomy
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methods
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Humans
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Male
9.Effect of safflor yellow B on vascular endothelial cells injury induced by angiotensin-II.
Chao-Yun WANG ; Shu-Ping ZHANG ; Yong XU ; Ming YANG ; Wen-Guo JIANG ; Hai-Yun LUAN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2012;47(6):811-815
This study is to investigate protective effect of safflor yellow B (SYB) against vascular endothelial cells (VECs) injury induced by angiotensin-II (Ang-II). VECs were cultured and divided into six groups: control group, Ang-II group, Ang-II + SYB (1 micromolL(-1)) group, Ang-II + SYB (10 micromolL(-1)) group, Ang-II + SYB (100 micromolL(-1)) group and Ang- II + verapamil (10 micromolL(-1)) group. Except control group, all of VECs in other groups were treated with Ang- II at the final concentration of 0.1 micromolL(-1). Mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) and free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) were measured by laser scanning confocal microscopy, and mitochondria complex IV activity was detected by BCA method. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in VECs were analyzed by fluorescence detector and apoptosis of VECs was observed by flow cytometer. Caspase 3 was determined by Western blotting method. Comparing with control group, Ang-II was able to increase [Ca2+]i and ROS level, decrease MMP level, inhibit complex IV activity and enhance caspase 3 activity in VECs, as a result, enhance apoptosis of VECs. But SYB could significantly reduce the result induced by Ang- II relying on different dosages (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). SYB was able to eliminate the effect of Ang-II on VECs via regulating [Ca2+]i, mitochondrial structure and function and inhibiting apoptosis.
Angiotensin II
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adverse effects
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Antioxidants
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isolation & purification
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pharmacology
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Apoptosis
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drug effects
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Calcium
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metabolism
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Carthamus tinctorius
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chemistry
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Caspase 3
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metabolism
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Cells, Cultured
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Chalcone
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analogs & derivatives
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isolation & purification
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pharmacology
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal
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isolation & purification
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pharmacology
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Electron Transport Complex IV
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metabolism
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Endothelial Cells
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cytology
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metabolism
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Humans
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Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial
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drug effects
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Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases
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metabolism
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Plants, Medicinal
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chemistry
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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metabolism
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Vasoconstrictor Agents
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adverse effects
10.Treatment of epilepsy with bipolar electro-coagulation: an analysis of cortical blood flow and histological change in temporal lobe.
Zhi-Qiang CUI ; Guo-Ming LUAN ; Jian ZHOU ; Feng ZHAI ; Yu-Guang GUAN ; Min BAO
Chinese Medical Journal 2015;128(2):210-215
BACKGROUNDBipolar electro-coagulation has a reported efficacy in treating epilepsy involving functional cortex by pure electro-coagulation or combination with resection. However, the mechanisms of bipolar electro-coagulation are not completely known. We studied the acute cortical blood flow and histological changes after bipolar electro-coagulation in 24 patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.
METHODSTwenty-four patients were consecutively enrolled, and divided into three groups according to the date of admission. The regional cortical blood flow (rCBF), electrocorticography, the depth of cortex damage, and acute histological changes (H and E staining, neuronal staining and neurofilament (NF) staining) were analyzed before and after the operation. The t-test analysis was used to compare the rCBF before and after the operation.
RESULTSThe rCBF after coagulation was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). The spikes were significantly reduced after electro-coagulation. For the temporal cortex, the depth of cortical damage with output power of 2-9 W after electro-coagulation was 0.34 ± 0.03, 0.48 ± 0.06, 0.69 ± 0.06, 0.84 ± 0.09, 0.98 ± 0.08, 1.10 ± 0.11, 1.11 ± 0.09, and 1.22 ± 0.11 mm, respectively. Coagulation with output power of 4-5 W completely damaged the neurons and NF protein in the molecular layer, external granular layer, and external pyramidal layer.
CONCLUSIONSThe electro-coagulation not only destroyed the neurons and NF protein, but also reduced the rCBF. We concluded that the injuries caused by electro-coagulation would prevent horizontal synchronization and spread of epileptic discharges, and partially destroy the epileptic focus.
Adult ; Electrocoagulation ; methods ; Epilepsy ; surgery ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Temporal Lobe ; surgery ; Young Adult