In order to improve the optimum temperature of lipases, The Penicillum expansum lipase (PEL) gene was mutated by site-directed mutagenesis using overlap extension PCR technique. The recombinant plasmid pPIC3.5K-lip-E83V containing matant gene was expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. The comparison experiments of the mutant PEL-E83V-GS with the wild-type PEL-GS showed that: the optimum temperature of the mutant (45℃) was higher by 5℃ than that of the wild type. The thermostability of the mutant was similar to the wild type. The enzymatic activity of the mutant was 188 U/mL at 37 ℃, which was 80% that of the wild type at the same conditions. The hydrophobic interaction may be enhanced in the surface region by the hydrophilic amino acid, Glu substituted with the hydrophobic amino acid, Val, and be responsible for the improvement of optimum temperature.

In 2008, WHO classified chronic eosinophilic leukemia with rearranged PDGFRA、PDGFRB or FGFRI as myeloid / lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia and PDGFRA、PDGFRB or FGFR1rearrangement and CEL without these abnormalities but with other abnormal clonality as CEL not otherwise specified (CEL-NOS). The article expresses authors' opinion.

The treatment for adult refractory /relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a major challenge in clinical practice. Therapeutic strategies including high-dose single agent,intensified induction,new drugs,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy etc. may be of benefit to some patients. The post-remission treatments remain to be further developed.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia, is characterized by rapid progress, prone to developing DIC, and high mortality. Typical chromosome translocation with PMLRARα fusion gene occurs in more than 95% of APL cases. Since 1986, the outcome of APL has been significantly improved in our country by firstly using ATRA and ATO for treating APL, making APL of AML curable by chemotherapy only. Based on our limited experiences, we discussed the related problems in the treatment of APL.

Objective Some cases of lipid storage myopathy (LSM) are similar to the polymyositis(PM) in clinic.To study the muscle pathology is helpful as to making clear the diagnosis and elucidating the mechanism of the LSM. Methods 14 cases of LSM with high level of CK in serum were analyzed clinically and compared with their muscle morphological and histochemical changes.Results Muscle weakness and fatigue were the main complaints of these patients.Most of them had acute or sub acute onset,some of them had relapse courses.All of the muscle specimens showed typical accumulation of lipid in muscle fibers.Necrotic fibers were found in 9 cases,3 of them showed changes with the courses. Conclusion Muscle biopsies and histochemical studies are necessary to differentiate LMS with PM.The fiber necrosis and CK leakage in LSM may be caused by changes of the inter circumstance and the membrane disturbance of cells.

Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Incineration ; Industrial Waste ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Population Surveillance ; Refuse Disposal ; methods ; Risk Factors

Objective To analyze the MR imaging features of pyocephalus. Methods MR imaging features!of pyocephalus in 5 cases with clinically proved were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were undergone no-contrast MR imaging. 3 patients received diffusion weighted-imaging(DWI). Results In all five patients,the debris and pus with pus-fluid level were shown inside the lateral ventricle.The debris or pus was slightly hyperintense on T1WI, slightly hypointense on T2WI relative to cerebrospinal fulid(CSF). On DWI, the debris was hyperintense in 1 case and isointense in 2 cases.Conclusion The features of MR imaging of pyocephalus is specific. MR imaging is valuable in the diagnosis of pyocephalus.

Objective: To investigate the association between the CYP3A5 genetic polymorphism and the serum concentrations of carbamazepine (CBZ), to provide guidance for individualized drug dosing. Methods: Eighty-four epilepsy patients taking CBZ were included in this study. Their clinical data were recorded and CBZ serum concentrations were measured. The CYP3A5 6986 genetic polymorphism was assessed using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP) assay. Patients were divided according to genotype into CYP3A5 expressor (CYP3A5*1/*1 genotype and CYP3A5*1/*3 genotypes) and non-expressor groups (CYP3A5*3/*3). The two groups were compared for the total dose of CBZ, dose of CBZ/kg body weight, serum drug concentration, dose-corrected serum concentration, and standardized serum concentration. Results: The total dose of CBZ and the dose of CBZ/kg body weight was higher in the CYP3A5 expressor group than the non-expressor (P = 0.043 and P = 0.014, respectively). The dose-corrected and standardized serum concentrations were lower in the CYP3A5 expressor group than the non-expressor (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). There was however, no signifi cant difference in serum drug concentration between the two groups (P = 0.487). Conclusions: There was a close relationship between CYP3A5 genetic polymorphism and the serum concentrations of carbamazepine.

Objective To explore the effects of the neonatal handling and enriched environmental stimulation on brain damage in neonatal rats with hypoglycemia.Methods Thirty-six neonatal rats were randomly divided into the normal group,hypoglycemia intervention group and the hypoglycemia non-intervention group.Those rats in hypoglycemia intervention and hypoglycemia non-intervention groups were weaned for 12 h,then the blood sugar of both groups were monitored.After neonatal rat models with hyperglycemia were prepared,the rats in hypoglycemia intervention group received the neonatal handling for 14 d and then were kept in an enriched stimulation environment for another 14 d.Rats in normal group and hypoglycemia non-intervention group were fed in the routine way.Neonatal handling was done when the rats were born for 24 h.The rat was rubbed with the brush from head to tail softly.Rats in the hypoglycemia non-intervention group was not handled.The enriched environment stimulation was used after 15 d when the rats were born.Rats in the hypoglycemia intervention group was put into the enriched environment for 1 h per day until 28 d when the rats were born,and rats in the hypoglycemia non-intervention group was put into the normal environment.Then the body weight was scaled at 0 d,7 d,14 d,21 d and 28 d when the rats were born.Space learning and memory were tested with Morris earter at their third month's age.After that,changes of pathology was observed in their occipital cortex.Results The weight increase,the ability of space learning,memory and the number of survival pyramid neurons of occipital cortex in normal group were better than those in hypoglycemia intervention and hypoglycemia non-intervention group(Pa

Objective To analyze the prognostic indicators in gastric cancer patients underwent radical resection.Methods Clinical data of 257 patients with gastric cancer underwent radical resection from Jan. 2003 to Oct. 2008 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate analysis using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank analysis,multivariate analysis using COX proportion risk model were performed. Results Univariate analysis indicated that tumor site (P <0. 05) .Borrmann type (P <0. 01) .histological type (P <0. 01),depth of infiltration (P < 0. 01 ) , lymph node metastasis rate ( P < 0. 01 ) , tumor size ( P < 0. 01 ) ,complication ( P < 0. 01 ) and accessorial chemotherapy (P<0. 01) influenced the patients' prognosis. Cox regression analysis indicated that lymph node metastasis rate, depth of infiltration, Borrmann type and tumor size were the independent risk factors of prognosis(P<0. 05). The relative risk will increase 3.374 times,2. 337 times,1.657 times and 1.580 times with each additional level of lymph node metastasis, depth of infiltration, Borrmann type and tumor size. Conclusions There are various factors influencing the prognosis of gastric cancer,of which lymph node metastasis rate is the most important prognosis indicator.